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morford's 
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AMERICA. 



{UNITED STATES AND DOMINION OF CANADA.) 
By HENRY 'mORFORD, 

AUTHOR OF THE " SHORT-TRIP GUIDE TO EUROPE,'' " OVSR-SKA," 
"PARIS IN '67," ETC. 



PHILADJILPHIA : 

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Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1876, 

BY HEXRY AIOKFOUD, 

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ADVERTISEMENT 

TO THE SIXTH EDITION 



In the preparation of the sixth edition of the " Short- 
Tkip Guide to America " — that supplying the Centennial 
year, 1876, — necessarily most of the features which had won 
it BO much of commendation and success in previous editions, 
have been retained ; though many variations have been found 
necessary, from the constant changes of routes, widening of 
space covered by railway transit, alterations and improve- 
ments in cities, &c. Some entirely new and important routes 
have been added, and completions of only less consequence 
made in others. Without any desire to trench upon the 
special province of the local hand-books for the Centennial 
Exhibition at Philadelphia, much care has been devoted to 
making the way to and at that Exhibition clear to those who 
may choose to depend upon this work alone, — in additional 
particulars with reference to the City of Philadelphia, a 
comprehensive chapter descriptive of the Exhibition Grounds 
and Buildings, accompanied by a small but complete Map, 
views of several of the more important erections, &c. 
Southern and Western routes have also been materially re- 
modelled and extended ; and the various new railway con- 
nections with the main line crossing the Continent to the 
Pacific will be found carefully noted, as well as the improve- 
ments and alterations made by the last three years in the 
Btrange City of the Golden Gate. It is believed that, taken 
all in all, the " Short-Trip Guide" for 1876 will be found 
reasonably complete, and thoroughly welcome to the large 
body of native and foreign travelers to whose convenience 
it may minister. 

New York and London, 
April, 1876. 



TABLE OF CONTEiSTTS. 



Index i 

DisTANCRs, Time and Fares xiv 

Cost AND Time of Short American Trips 7 

Pkeparations for the Trip to America 17 

"What to Do and Avoid on Shipboard 30 

Bell-Time at Sea 40 

New York City, Harbor and Suburbs 42 

KOUTE No. 1.— Northern— New York to JJiagara and Canada 62 

*' No. 2. — Northern — New York to Niagara and Canada 83 

" No. 3 —Northern — New York to Saratoga, Lake George, &c. 91 
" No. 4. — Eastern— New York to Boston, by New Haven, 

Providence, &c 103 

" No. 5. — Eastern— Boston to Portland and Canada 124 

" No. t). — Northern and Eastern — Boston to White Moun- 
tains, &c 129 

" No. 7.— Northern and Eastern— New York to White Moun- 
tains, «fec 136 

'* No. 8. — Near Western— New York to Philadelphia 144 

" No. 9.— Western and Southern — Philadelphia to Baltimore, 

Washington and Richmond 162 

" No. 9^. — Special Virginian— Baltimore or Washington to 

Virginia Cities, Springs and Mountains 189 

'* No. 9|. — Western and South- Western — Washington or Bal- 
timore, to Chicago and St. Louis 1891 

" No. 10. — South- Western— Kichmond to Charleston, Savan- 

nah, New Orleans, &c 190 

" No. 1 1.— South - Western — Washington or Kichmond to 

Nashville and New Orleans 195 

" No. llj.— Southern — Kichmond to Charleston, Savannah, 

and Florida Resorts 196a 

•' No. 12.— Western— New York or Philadelphia to Cincinnati 

and Chicago 197 

" No. 13.— Western— New York to Chicago, &c 206 

" No. 14.— Western— Cincinnati to Louisville, St. Louis and 

Chicago 217 

" No. 15.— Northern and Western— Buffalo to Chicago, by 

Lake Shore 226 

'* No. 16.— Northern— New York or Philadelphia to Coal and 

Oil Regions 228 

" No. 17 —Canadian and Western— Niagara to Detroit and 

Chicago 231 

" No. 18.— North-Western- Chicago to St Paul and Lake 

Superior 237 

" No. 19.— Canadian— Niagara to Toronto, Ottawa, Montreal, 

Quebec, &c 241 

" No. 20.— Canadian— Niagara to Toronto, Montreal and Que- 
bec, by Steamers 257 

" No. 21.— Far' Western— Chicago to Omaha, Salt Lake City 

and San Francisco 261 

OffEoifte and Minor Places 277 

The Ckntbnnial Exhibition — 

Steamship Lines and Banking Houses - — 

American Hotels for Travellers — 

BEMINDEKS TO RAMBLEIiS 



INDEX 



[rt-ACBS AND ROUTES. FOR PLACES THEMSELVES, SEE FIGUBES IN HEATY 

TYPE ; FOR PLiCES NOT FOUND IN THIS INDEX, SEE " OFF- 

KOUTE AND MINOR PLACES," PRECEDING.] 



Acapnlco, Mex., 273. 
Adirondack Mountains, 97, 100. 
Adrian, Mich., 227, 235. 
Akron, Oliio, 2lo. 
Alameda (and Warm Springs), 

Oal., 271, 273. 
Albany, N. Y., 70. 
Albion, Midi., 235. 
Albion, N. Y., 77. 
Alexandria, Va., 183, 185, 195. 
Alkali, Neb., 269. 
Allegheny City, Pa., 200. 
AUeglieny Mountains, 199. 
Allegheny Springs, Va., 195. 
AUentown, Pa., 208. 
AlUauce, O., 210. 
Altoona, Pa., 199. 
Alton Bay, N. H., 125, 129. 
Alton, 111., 224, 239, 261, 263. 
Alton, N. H., 129. 
Amador, Cal., 274. 
Amherst, Mass., 139. 
Ammonoosuc Falls, N. H., 134. 
Anchorage, Ky., 217. 
Andover, North, Mass, 124. 
Annapolis Junction, Md., 171. 
Annapolis, Md., 168, 171. 
Ann Arbor, Mich., 235. 
Appomattox, Va., 195. 
Aquia Creek, Va., 183, 185. 
Argenta, Nev., 272. 
Arlington House, Va., 182. 
Arnprior, Can., 243. 
Arthabasca (Junction), Can., 128, 

251. 
Ashland, Iowa. 263. 
Ashland. Ky., 217. 
Aspen, Utah, 271. 
Asplnwall, Cent. Amer., 273. 
Athens, N. Y., 70. 



Athens, O., 203. 
Atlanta, Ga., 191. 
Atlantic, Iowa, 264. 
Atlantic City, N. J., 150, 160. 
Attleboro, Mass., 110. 
Auburn, Cal., 273. 
Auburn, N. Y., 76. 
August'a, Ga., 191. 
Augueta, Me., 127. 
Au Sable River, N. T., 100. 
Austin, Iowa, 238, 261, 262. 
Austin, Nev., 269. 
AustraUa (to), 273. 



Ballpton Spa, N. Y., 91. 

BALTIMORB, Md., 164, 198, 201— 
Fort McHenry, 165 — Monu- 
ments, 165 — Streets, 165— 
Public Buildings, 166— Churches 
166— Lit. Inst., 166— Theatres, 
167— Hotels, 167— Cemeteries, 
167— Excursions, 168 — Longer 
Excursions, 168, 169, 170. 

Bangor, Me., 127. 

Barrytown, N. Y., 68. 

Batavia, N. Y., 77. 

Bathurst, N. B., 260. 

Battle Creek, Mich., 235. 

Battle Mountain, Nev., 272. 

Bay City, Mich., 240. 

Beauport, Can., 253. 

Beaverton, Can., 242. 

Becancour, Can., 128. 

Bedford Springs, Pa., 199. 

Bel-Air, Md.,168. 

Belle Air, O., 202. 

Belleville. Can., 243. 

Bellows Falls, Vt., 140. 

Belmont, Mo., 220. 

Belmont, Nev., 269. 



INDEX, 



Beloit, Wis., 238. 

Berkeley Springs, Va., lS9a. 

Bergen Tunnel, N. J., 83. 

Berlin, Can., 232, 242. 

Bethlehem, N. H.,134. 

Bethlehem, Pa,, 208. 

Beverley, N. J., 150. 

Bicldeionl, Me., 125. 

Big Oak Flat Route, Cal., 2r67?. 

Big Trees of Calaveras, Cal., 27Ga, 

Big Trees of Mariposa, Cal., 276i. 

Big Tunnel, Ya., 195. 

Biugharaton, N. Y., 76, 87. 

Bird's Point, Mo., 221. 

Birmingham, Pa., 200. 

Bismarck, Mo., 221. 

Bitter Creek, Wyo,, 271. 

Black Pwiver, Can., 128. 

Bladensburg, Md., 171. 

Blairsville, Pa., 200. 

Bloody Pond, N. Y., 95. 

Bloomington, 111., 224, 261, 262, 
263. 

Bloomsbury, N. J., 207. 

Boca, Cal., 273. 

Boise City, Idaho, 268, 269. 

Bonsack's, Va., 195. 

Boone, Iowa, 262. 

Boonton, N. J., 228. 

Bordentown, N. J., 148, 150, 
160. 

Boston, 107, no, 115, 251— 
Streets, 117— Public Grounds, 
117 — Antiquities, 117 — Public 
Buildings, 118— Monuments, 119 
—Churches, 119— Libraries and 
Lit. Inst., 119— Theatres, 120— 
Hotels, 120— Excursions, 12r>— 
Harvard University, 120— Wash- 
Intiton Head Quarter?, 121 — 
Mount Auburn Cemetery, 121 — 
Longer Excursions, 121, 122. 

Bothwell, Can., 232. 

Bound Brook, N. J., 206. 

Bowling Green, Ky., 219. 

Bowmanville, Can., 242. 

Bradford, Mass., 124. 

Branch Intersection. Pa., 198. 

Branchvilie, S. C, 191. 

Brandywine Greek. Pa., 162. 

Brattleboro, Vt., 140. 

Brcckenridge, Minn., 239. 

Bridgeport. Ct., 103. 

Bridgeton, N. J., 150, 159. 

Brighton, Cal., 274. 

Brighton, Mass., 107. 



Bristol, Pa., 148. 

Bristol, Tenn., 195. 

Brockport, N. Y., 77 

Brockville, Can., 24b. 

Brooklyn i connection with Nev» 
York)— Streets, 47 — Churches, 
60— Public Buildings, 51— Hotels 
53— Theatres, 64— Churches for 
Service. 64— Public GroundP. 65, 
57— Prospect Park, 67— Green- 
wood Cemetery, 57— Excursions 
67, 58— Navy Yard, 58, 

Brown's, Can., 246. 

Brown University, 109, 

Bryan, Wyo.,271. 

Buckingham, Can., 246. 

Bucyrus, O., 210. 

Budd's Lake, N. J., 60. 228. 

Buffalo, N. Y., 89, 232, 234, 
240. 

Buford, Wyo., 270. 

Bull Run (Battle-field). Va., 183. 

Bulstrode, Can., 128, 261. 

Bureau, 111.. 263. 

Burkevilie (Junction), Va., 195. 

Burlington, Iowa, 215, 238, 239, 
261, 263,264. 

Burlington, N. .T.. 150, 160. 

Burlington, Vt., 100, 101, 140. 

Bush River Bridge, Md., 164 



Caconna, Can., 255. 
Cairo, 111., 194, 205, 216, 220. 
Caldwell, N. Y.. 95. 
Caledonia, N. Y., 77. 
Caledonia Springs, Can., 246. 
California Junction, Iowa, ^64, 265. 
Callicoon, N. V., 86. 
Calistoga (Springs). Cal., 276?. 
Camden. N. J., 14S, 1 50, 139. 
Camel's Hump Mouutaiu, Vt., 100. 
Canandaigua, N. Y., 77. 
Canton, 0., 210. 
Cape Cod, Mass., 122. 
Cape Elizabeth, Me., 125. 
Cape Mav, N. J., 150. 160. 
Cape Rouge, Can., 253. 
Cape Vincent, N. Y., 243. 
C^irbon, Wvo., 2G6. 
Caroondale, Pa.. 270. 
Carillon, Cm.. 246. 
CarU'ton Place, Can., 243, 245. 
Carlin, Nev., 272. 
Carlisle, Pa , 198. 
Oareon, Nev., 269. 



INDEX. 



Carter, Utah, 271. 
Cascade Bridge, N. Y., 87. 
Casey, Iowa, 264. 
Castie Rock, Utah, 271. 
Caslleton, N. Y., 70. 
Castleton, Vt., 101. 
Catawissa, Pa., 209. 
Catskill Laading, K. Y., 68. 
Catskill Moumain Ilouse, C9. 
Cave City, Ky., 218. 
Cayuga, N. Y., 77. 
Cedar Rapids, Iowa, 215, 238, 261, 

263. 
Central City, Col., 2CG. 
Centre Harbor, N. II., 102, 130, 

138. 
Chambersburg. Pa., 183, 198. 
Champaien, III., 224. 
Charles City, Iowa, 238. 
Charleston, Mo., 221. 

CUAKLESTON, S. C, 18^. 180. 

<Jliar]estowu, Va., 1896. 
Charlotte Town. P. E. I., 259. 
Charlottesville, Va., 183, 195. 
Chatham, Can., 232. 
Chattanooga, Tenn., 191, 196. 
Chaudiere, Junction, Can., 128, 

254, 255, 256. 
Chaudiere Falls, Can., 244, 253. 
Chelsea. Mass., 122. 
Chenoa, 111., 224. 
Cherry Valley, N. Y., 74. 
Chester, N. J., 228. 
Chester, Pa., 162. 
Chester, Va., 186. 
CHEYENNE, Wyo., 270, 274. 
CfllOAGO, 111., 201, 205, 212, 220, 

223, 225, 227, 234, 233, 233, 239. 
Chicamauga, Tenn., 196. 
China (to), 273. 
Chinese Camp, Cal., 274. 
Cincinnati, 0., 201, 202, 204, 

205, 210, 216, 221, 223, 227. 
Claremont, Vt., 140. 
Clear Qeia, Pa., 199. 
Cleveland, 0., 201, 202, 203, 205, 

210, 216, 226, 240. 
Clinton, Iowa, 261. 
6lyde,N. Y., 77. 
Clyde, O., 227. 
Coal Regions of Pennsylvania, 

207, 288, 229. 
Coatesville, Pa., 197. 
Coburg, Can., 242. 
Cohoes Falls, N. Y., 71. 
Colborne, Can., 243. 
Cold Spring, N. Y., 66. 



Colfax, Cal., 273. 
Collins' Bay, Can., 243. 
Colmar, Iowa, 238. 
Coloma, Cal., 270. 
ColumDia, Ind., 211. 
Columbia, Pa., 198. 
Columbia, S. C, 18S, 191. 
Columbia Springs (route to), 70l 
Columbus, Ky., 220. 
Columbus, 0., 202, 210, 227. 
Columbus, Neb., 269. 
Communipaw, N. J., 206. 
Como, Can., 247. 
Coney Island, N. Y., 58. 
Concord, Mass., 123, 136. 
CONCORD, N. H., 124, 125, 137. 
Conemaugh Station. Pa., 199. 
Contra Costa, Cal.. 273. 
Conway, N. H., 102, 129, 131, 

138. 
Conway Valley, N. H., 130. 
Cooperfetown, N. Y., 74. 
Corinue, Utah, 272. 
Corning,N. Y., 77, 8 87). 
Cornwall Landing, IST. Y., 66. 
Corry, Pa., 80, 198, 226, 230. 
Coshocton, 0., 202, 227. 
Council Bluffs, Iowa, 363, 264. 
Covington, Ky.. 204, 217. 
Coxsackie, N. Y.. 70. 
Conltersville Route, Cal.. 276y. 
Crawford House, N. H., 133. 
Cresson, Pa., 199. 
Cresiline, C, 210. 
Creston, Wyo.,271. 
Crisfield. Md., 163. 
Croton River, N. Y., 63. 
Culpepper, Va., 183. 
Cunibeiiand, Md., 170, 201. 



Dan vers. No., Mass., 124. 
Danville, Can., 128. 
Danville Junction, Me., 127. 
Darien, Ct., 103. 
Davenport, Iowa. 239, 263. 
Dayton, 0.. 204, 210, 211, 227. 
Delaware Water Gap. GO, 160, 

207 229. 
Dennison, O., 202. 
Denter, Col., 274, 276m. 
Deposit, N. Y., 86. 
Des Moines, Iowa. 215, 262, 264, 
Detroit, Mich., 210, 211, 210, 227, 

233 240. 
Devil's^Gate" Utah, 271. 



INDEX. 



Dexter, Iowa, 264. 
Dixon, m , 26!. 
Dobbs Ferry, N. Y., 63. 
Dorsey. Md., 171. 
Doucel's Laauing, Can., 128. 
DovEK, Del., IGo. 
])e>ver, N. J., -^28. 
Dover, N. II., 125,129, 137. 
Downi»'Vilie Cul., 270. 
Downington, Pa., 197. 
Dnikesville, N. J., 228. 
Drcsticu Junctioh, O., 202. 
Dubuque, Iowa. 239, 2G1. 
Dulutli, Minn., 2;J8, 240. 
Dundas, Can., 232* 
Dunkirk, N. Y., S'J, 226. 
Dunleith, Iowa, 261. 
DimviUe, Can., 232. 
Durham, N. H., 125. 

Easton, Pa., 160, 207. 229. 
East Penn. Junction, Pa., 208. 
Eatontown, N. J., 59. 
Ebensburg, Pa., 199. 
Echo Canon (and City), Utah, 271. 
Eclio Lake. N. H., 141. 
Ellingham, lud., 2056, 225. 
Elgin, 111., from Chicago, 212 to 216. 
Elizabeth City, Va., 169. 
Elizabeth, N. J., .')9, 145, 197, 

206. 
Elizahethport, N. J., 149, 206. 
Elk Grove, Cal., 274. 
Elkharr, Ina., 227. 
Elk horn, ^"eb., 268 
Elkhorn, Wis.. 237. 
Elko, Nev., 272 
Elkton, Md., 163. 
Elhcott's Mills, Md., 170. 
ElhH, Cal., 271. 
Elmira, N. Y., 88, 198. 
Eminence, Ky., 217. 
Emporium, Pa., 230. 
Euglewood, III., 262. 
Erie Canal, 74. 

Erie, Pa., 198, 201, 226, 230, 240. 
Essex Junction, Yt.. 101. 
Evauston, Utah, 271. 
Evansvllle, Ind., 219. 
Exeter, N. H., 125. 



Fairfax Court-House, Va., 183. 
Fall River, Mass., 113, 114. 



Falls of the Ammonoosuc, N. H., 

134. 
Falls of the Chaudiere, Can., 244. 

253. 
Falls of Cohoes, N. Y., 71. 
Falls of tie Genesee, N. Y., 77- 
Falis, Glen Eilis, ^■. H., 131. 
Falls, Glenn'rt, N. Y., 95. 
Falls, Kauterskill, N. Y., 69. 
Falls of Mmnehalia, Minn., 239. 
Falls of Niagara. 77, f 8, 242. 
Falls, Passaic, 59, 84. 
Falls of the Potomac, D. C, 182. 
Falls, Kideau, Can., 244, 245. 
Falls of the Sawkill, N. Y., 86. 
Falls of St. Anne. Can., 247. 
Falls of St. Antbony, Mmu., 239. 
Falls of f renton, N. Y., 75. 
Falls of the Yo Semite, Cal., 275. 
Farraington, N. H., 129. 
Fishkill Landing, N. Y., 66. 
Fitchburg, Mass., 140. 
Flemington, N. J., 207c 
Florence, S, C, 189. 
Florida Resorts, 196a. 196^> 
Flume, The (and House), N. H., 

142. 
Fonda, N. Y., 74. 
Forest, 0., 210. 
Fort Bridger, Utah, 267. 
Fort Dodge, Iowa, 262, 264 
Fort Hamilton, N. Y., 58. 
Fort Howard. Wis., 261. 
FortMassasauga, Can., 257. 
Fort Niagara, N. Y., 257. 
Fort Plain, N. Y., 74, 
Fort Saunders, Wyo., 270. 
Fort Schuyler, N. Y., 111. 
Fort Sedgwick, Neb., 265. 
Fort Snelling, Minn., 239. 
Fort Washington, Va., 185. 
Fort Wayne, !nd,, 201, 211, 2M, 

227, 235. 262. 
Fortress Monroe, Va., 169. 
Four Lakes, Wis., 238. 
Foxboro, Mass., 110. 
Framingham, Mass., 107. 
Franconia Notch, N. H., 134. 
Frankford. Pa., 148. 
FiankUnton, Md., 168. 
Frederick, Md.. 170. 
Fredericsburg, Va., 185. 
Fredericton, N. B., 259. 
Freehold, N. J.. 149. 
Freeport, III., 237, 261, 283. 
Freeport, Pa., 200. 
Fremont, C, 227. 



IJWEX, 



Fremout, Neb., '268. 
Frenciiman's Bay, Can., 242. 



O. 

Galena, 111., 239. 
Gait, Cal., 276A;. 
Galveston, Texas, 192, 194. 
Gananoque, Can., 243. 
Garrison's Landing, N. Y., 64, 
Gatineau River. Can., 245. 
Genesee Fails, N. Y., 77. 
Geneva, N. Y., 77. 
Genoa, 111., 237. 
Georgetown, Cal., 270. 
Georgetown, D. C, 1S2. 
Georgetown, Mass., 124. 
Germautowu. Pa., 159. 
Geysers, The, Cal., 276 A', 27GZ. 
Girard, Pa., 2-^6. 
Glen Allen, Mo., 221. 
Glencoe, Can., 232. 
Glen Cove, L. I., 61. 
Glen Ellis falls, N. H., 131. 
Glen House, N. H.. 131. 
Glenn's Falls, N. Y., 95. 
Goderich, Can., 232. 240. 
Golden City, Cal.. 266. 
Gold Hill, Nev., 269. 
Goshen, Va., 189«;, ISOt;. 
Gordonsville. Va.. 183. 180, ISOg. 
Gorhara, N. H., 102, 1^^,251. 
Gosport Navy Yard, Va., 169. 
Grafton. Mass., 107. 
Grand Haven, Mich., 227, 235, 
Grand Island, Neb., 269. 
Grand Junction, Iowa, 262. 
Grand Rapids, Mich., 235. 
Granger, Utah, 267. 
Granite Canon. Wyo., 270. 
Grass Valley, Cal., 270. 
Great American Desert, 268. 
Great Bend, N. Y., 87, 229. 
Great Falls, N. H., 125. 
Great Nevada Sandy Desert, 269. 
Great Salt Lake, Utah, 268. 
Green Bay, Wis , 215, 261. 
Greenbush, N. Y., 70. 
Greenfield, Mass., 140. 
Greenport, L. I., 61. 
Green River. Wyo., 271. 
Greensboro, N. C, 1S8. 
Greensburg, Pa., 200. 
Greenwich, i:ast, R. I., 109. 
Greenwood Lake, N. Y., 85. 
Grenville, Can., 24G. 



Greycourt, N. Y., 85. 
Grimsby, Can., 231. 
Grinnell, Iowa, 263. 
Groton, Ct., IDS. 

Groton Junction, Mass., 136, 140. 
Grout's Corners, Mass., 140. 
Guelph, Can., 232, 242. 
Gunpowder :River Bridge, Md., 
164 

U. 

HackettstowTi, N. J., 60, 228. 

Ha Ha Bay, Can., 256. 

Halifax, N. S., 250, J359, 

Hamilton, Can., ^31, 241. 

Hamilton, O., 210. 

Hampton Junction, K. J., 207, 228. 

Hampton, N. H., 125. 

Hampton land Roads), Va , 160. 

Hancock, N. Y., 86. 

Hannibal, Mo., 239. 

Hanover, Md., 171. 

Hanover, Va., 163. 

Harper's Ferry, W. Va., 170, 171. 

183, 189,201. 
Hartford, Ct., 105. 
Harrieonturg, Va., 189c. 
Harkisbubg, Pa., 160, 163, 198« 

209. 
Harvard University, 120. 
Haverhill., Mass., 124. 
Havana, Cuba, 194. 
Havre de Grace, Md., 162, 103. 
Hawkesbury, Can., 246. 
Hazard, Wyo., 270. 
Hazleton, Pa., 209. 
Helena, Nev., 268. 
Henderson, Ky., 219. 
Herkimer, N. Y.. 74. 
Hermitage, the, Tenu., 219. 
Hickford Junction, Va., 189. 
Highlands of Navesink, 59. 
Highlands of the Hudson, 63. 
Hightstown, N. J., 150. 
Hillsdale, Mich., 227. 
Hillsdale, Wyo., 2T0. 
Hoboken, N. J., 58. 
Homewood, Pa., 210. 
Honesdale, Pa., 229. 
Hoosic Tunnel, Mass., 136, 
Horicon, Wis., 237. 
Hornellsville, N. Y., 89. 
Hudson, Can., 247. 
Hudson, N.Y., 70. 
Hvannls, Mass., 122. 
Hyde Park, N. Y.. 67. 



INDEX. 



Indiana, Pa., 200. 

India (to), 273. 

iNRiANOPOLis, Ind., 206a. 218, 

223. 
loue City, Cal., 274. 
Iowa City, Iowa, 263. 
Island Pond, 127, 251, 253, 255. 
Isle of Shoals, N. H., 125. 
Iron Mountain, Mo., 221. 
Ironton, Mo., 221. 
Irvineton, Pa., 230. 
Ithaca, N. Y., 88. 



Jackson, Cal , 274. 
Jackson, Mich., 235. 
Jackson, Miss., 194. 
Jacksonville, 111., 224. 
Jamaica, L. I., 61. 
Jaraesburg, N. J., 149. 
Jame&town (ruins), Va., 168. 
Janesville, Wis., 215, 237. 
Japan (to), 273. 
Jefferson City, Mo., 223. 
Jeffersonville, Ind , 218. 
Jersey City, N. J., i44, 197. 
Johnsonville, Tenn., 220. 
Johnstown, Pa.. 199. 
Joliet, 111., 224, 262. 
Jonesville, Mich., 227. 
Julesburg, Neb., 2(59. 



Kalamazoo, Mich., 227, 234, 235. 
Kauterskill Falls. 69. 
Kearney (and Fort; Neb., 209. 
Keene. N. II., 140. 
Keeseville, N. Y., 100. 
Kelton, Utah, 272. 
Kenosha, Wis., 237. 
Kennebuuk, Me., 125. 
Kensington, Pa., 148. 
Keokuk, Iowa, 239, 281, 2(52, 2G4. 
Kinderhook, N. Y., 70. 
Kingston, Can., 243, 257. 
Kingston, N. Y., 67. 
Kmgsville, S. C, 101. 
Kittery. Maine, 125. 
Knoxville, Tenn., 188, 195,219. 
Komoka, Can., 232. 



Lachlne, Can., 247. 
Lachine Rapids, Can., 250. 



Lackawaxen, N. T., 88. 

Li Crosse, Wis., 239. 

Lafayette., Ind., 211. 

Lafayette College. 208. 

Lagrange, Ky., 217. 

Lake Charaplaln. 99. 

Lake Uonner, Cal., 276/. 

Lake George, 95. 

Lake Hoparcong. 60, 223. 

Lake Mahopac, 60. 

Lake Mempliremagog, Can., 127, 

138, 140. 
Lake Pepin, Minn., 239. 
Lake Ponchartrain, La., 194. 
Lake Simcoe, Can., 242. 
Lake St. Charles, Can., 253,»254. 
Lake St. Clair, 233. 
Lake St. Louis, Can., 247. 
Lake St. Peter, Can.. 128. 
Lake Superior, 215, 240. 
Lake Superior Copper Regions, 

240. 
Lake Superior Iron Regions, 240. 
Lake Tahoe, Cal., 276/. 
Lake Winnepesaukie, 125, 120. 
Lake of the Two Mountains, Can., 

247. 
Lambertville, N. J., 207. 
Lamokin Junction, Pa., 162. 
Lancaster, Pa., 160, 197. 
L'Ance a I'Eau, Can., 255. 
Lanesborough, N. Y., 87. 
Lansing, Mich., 235. 
Lansingburgh, N. Y., 71. 
Laporte, Ind., 227. 
La Prairie. Can., 100. 
Laramie, Wyo., 270. 
La Salle, 111., 263. 
Lathrop, Cal., 273, 276a. 
Laurel, Md., 171. 
Lawrence, Mass., 122, 134, 13< 
Lawrenceville, Pa., 200. 
Lawton, Mich., 236. 
Lazaretto, The, Pa.. 162. 
Lebanon, Pa., 198, 209. 
Lebanon Springs, N. Y., 70. 
Leesburg, Va., 183. 
Leetonia, 0., 210. 
Leunoxvllle, Can., 135. 
Le Roy. N. Y., 77. 
Lewes, Del., 163. 
Lewiston, N. Y., 242, 257. 
Lewiston, Pa.. 199. 
Lexington, Ky., 217. 
Lexington, Va.. 189/. 
Lima, O., 211, 227. 
LiNCOL^i, Neb., 263. 



INDEX, 



vn 



Vmtt, Can., 254. 

Little Falls, N-. y., 74. 

Little Rock, Ark., 220. 

r.ittleton, N. H., 102. 1 39, 140. 

Lock Haven, Pa., 199, 230. 

Lockport, N. y., 77. 

Lo^ransport, Ind., 211, 224, 227. 

Lon^Ton, Can., 232. 

London, O., 203. 

Long Branch, N. J., 59, 149, 150, 

161. 
Long Sault Rapidp, Can., 246. 
Lookout Mountain, 196. 
Lorette, Can., 2oo. 
L'Original, Can., 246. 
Louisville, Ky.. 211, 217, 221. 
Lovelan^i, O., 204. 
Lowell, Mass., 121, 124, 136. 
Lundy's Lane, Can., 81. 
Lyme, Cr., 108. 
Lyme, B. k S., Ct., 108. 
Lynn, Mass.^121, 122, 
Lynchburgh, Va., 189^', 195. 
Lyons, N. Y., 77. 

m. 

Macon, Ga., 191. 
Madison, N. J., 228. 
Madison, Wis., 215, 237, 261. 
Major's, Can , 246. 
Maiden, N, y.. 68. 
Maiden (So.) Mass., 122. 
Mallory Town, Can.. 243. 
Mammoth Cave of Kentucky, 218. 
Manassas Junction, Va., 183, 195. 
Mancliester.N. IL, 124, 137. 
Mankato, Minn., 238. 
Mansfield, Mass., 110, 
Mansfield, O., 210. 
Mantua Junction, Pa., 197. 
Manunkachunk, N. J„ 228, 229. 
Marietta, O., 204. 
Mariposa Route, Cal., 2767r. 
Marshall, Iowa, 262. 
Marshall, Mich., 235. 
Martinsburg, Va.. 189a. 
Martha's Vineyard, Mass., 123. 
Marquette, Lake Superior, 240. 
Marvsvilie, Cal., 270, 273. 
Mason City, Iowa, 262, 263. 
MassiUon, O., 210. 
Wast Hope, N. y., 86. 
McGregor, Iowa, 238. 
RLcKenzie, Tenn., 2-^0. 
McPherson (and Fort), Neb., 269. 
Medford, Mass., 1^4. 



Medina, N. Y., 77. 

Memphis Junction, Ky.. 219. 

Memphis, Tenn.. 194, 196, 219, 220. 

Mendota, 111., 263. 

Mendota Junction, Minn.. 238. 

Meredith Village, N. H., 101, 138. 

Meriden, Ct., 105. 

Meridian. Miss., 196. 

Merrimac River and Valley, 136. 

Michigan City, Mich., 236. 

Middlebury, Vt.,101. 

Middletown, N. Y., 85. [104, 108. 

Midrll.'town, (and Portland), Ct.» 

Miirord, Va., 186. 

Millville, N. J.. 150. 

Milton, Pa., 229. 

Millburo, Vh . i«9e. 

Milroy, Pa., 199. 

Milwaukie, Wis., 215, 237, 239. 

261. 
Mineral Point, Mo., 221. 
Mingo Junction, 0., 202, 
Mmheapolis, Minn., 238. 
Minnehaha, Min.. 2;J8. 
Mississippi, Mouths of, 194. 
Mis'^ouri Valley Junction, Iowa, 

202. 
Mobile, Ala., 193, 196, 
Modesta, Cal., 275. 
Mohawk Valley, N. Y., 73, 
Mokelumnc Hill, Cal., 276;fc. 
Monmouth Junction, N. J., 149. 
Monocacy (and Valley), Md., 170. 
Monroeville, O., 227. 
Monson, Mass., 139. 
Monterey, Cal., 273. 
Montgomery, Ala., 191, 196, 

220. 

Monticello, Va., 183. 
Montmorenci, Falls of, Can., 263. 
Montpelier, Vt„ 140. 
MoNTJREAL. Can.. 1.38, 242. 243, 

244, 245, 247, 253. 255, 257. 
Moosehead Lake, 127. 
Moreau Station, N.- Y., 95. 
Morrison, 111., 261. 
Morristown, N. J., 60, 328. 
Morrow, O., 204. 
Moscow, Iowa, 263. 
Mound City, 111*,, 220. 
Mount Holly, N. J., 160. 
Mount Hope, R. I., 113, 114. 
Mt. Joy, Pa.. 198, 
Mt. Lafayette, N. IL, 14A, 143. 
Mt. Mansfield, Vt., 100. 
Mountain of Rigaud, The, Can., 

246. 



VIU 



INDEX. 



Mount Vernon, Va., 184, 185. 
Mount Washington, N. H., 131, 

132 
Mount Webster, N. H., 133. 
Mount Willard, N. H., 133. 
Murray Bay, Can., 254. 
Muscatine, Iowa, 263. 
Mystic, Ct., 109. 

N. 

Natiant, Mass, 121. 

Napanee, Can., 243. 

Narrowsburg, N. Y., 86, 

Nashville, Tenn., 191, 219. 

Nashua, Mass., 122,124. 

Natick, Mass., 107. 

Natural Bridge, Va., 189/", 195, 

Nauvoo, 111., 239. 

Nebraska City, Neb., 262. 

Nevada, Cal , 270. 

New Almaden Mines, Cal., 273. 

Newark, N. J., 59, 144, 197, 228. 

Newark, O., 202. 

New Baltimore. N. Y., 70. 

New Bediord, Mass., 122. 

New Brighton, S. I., 59. 

New Brunswick, N. J., 146, 
197. 

New Buffalo. Mich., 236. 

Newbur^h, N. Y., 67. 

Newburypon, Mass., 124. 

Newcastle (and Junction), Del., 
163. 

Newcastle, Pa., 210. 

New Durham, N. H., 129. 

New Haven, Ct., 104, 107. 

New Lisbon, O. , 210. 

New London, Ct., 108, 114, 136, 
139. 

Newmarket Junction, N. H., 125. 

Newmarket, N. H., 125. 

New Orleans, La., 192, 196, 
223, 239. 

Newport, Ky . 204. 

Newport, R. I., 111. 

Newport, Vt., 138, 140. 

Newton, N J., 228. 

New York City, 4'2— ITarbor, 42 
— St'eets, 47 — Museums, 48 — 
Libraries, 48— Public Galleries, 
48— Educational Institutions, 49 
— Monuments, 50— Antiquities, 
SO— Cliurches, 51— Public Build- 
ings,B2— Commercial Buildings, 
63— Private Dwellings, 54— Hotel 
Buildings (notels),54— Theatres, 



65— Churches for Service, 56— 
Public Grounds, 57— Ferrios. 57 
— Streer-Oar Routes. i'S— Cen- 
tral Park, 60— LTo.spect i^irk, 
61 — Greenwood, 61a — E.\<,ur- 
sions, 61 J to 61/. 

Niagara Falls, 77, 78, 242. 

Niagara (Village), N. Y., 257. 

Niles, Cal., 273. 

Niles, Mich., 236. 

Norfolk, Va., 163 168. 

Norristown, Pa.. 160. 

North Adams, Mass., 140. 

North Bend, Neb., 268. 

North Platte, Neb., 269. 

Norwalk, Ct., 103. 

Norwich, Ct., 114, 136, 139. 

©. 

Oak Hill, N. Y., 68. 

Oakland, Cal, 273, 276a. 

Oakville, Can.. 241. 

Oberlin, O., 227. 

Ogtillala, Neb,269. 

OuDEN. Utah, 272, 27o. 

Ogdensburgh, N. Y., 76, 244, 246 

258. 
Oil City, Pa., 201, 230. 
Oil Regions, Pa., 89, 201, 228, 230. 
Old Man of the Mountain, N. H., 

141. 
Old Point Comfort, Va , 169. 
Oleopolis, Pa.. 230. 
Omaha, Neb., 216, 223. 282, 2G5. 

273. 
Ontonagon, Lake Superior, 240. 
Orange'Cuurt House, Va., 183. 
Orange, N.J. , 228. 
Oregon Citv. Oregon, 273. 
Orient, L. L, 61. 
Orleans, Island of. Can., 254. 
OrovUle, Cal.. 273. 
Orville, O., 210. 
Osino, Nev., 272. 
Oswego. N. Y.. 76. 
Otsego Lake, N. Y., 74, 
Ottawa, Can., 243, 244, 250, 253. 
Ottumwa, Iowa. 262, 264. 
Overleok Mountain House, 67. 
Owatona, Minn., 238. 
Owego, N. Y., 88. 



Paducah (and Junction), Ky., 220 
Paiuesville, Pa. 226. 



INDEX. 



Palatine Bridge, N. Y., 74. 

Palisade, Nev.. 272. 

Palisades, the Hudson, 63. 

Palmer, Mass., 106, 139. 

Palmyra, N. Y., 77. 

Panama. Cent. Amer., 273. 

Paradise, Idaiio, 269. 

Paris, Can., 232. 

Parma, Mich., 235. 

Passaic Falls. 59. 84. 

Paterson, N. J., 53, 83. 

''awtucket, R. 1., i.iO. 

Peaks of Otter, Va., 195. 

Pekin, 111., 224. 

Pemberton, N. J., 150. 

Pbasacola, Fla., 192. 

Peoria, ill., 211, 224, 263. 

Pequop. Nev.,272. 

Percy, Wyo.,270. 

Perth Ambov, N. J., 149. 

Peterboro, Can.. 243. 

Petersburg;, Va., 189. 

Petrolia, Can.. 232. 

Philadelphia, Pa., 1 5 l-Streets, 
152— Public Buildincs, 153— An- 
tiquitiep, 154— PnbUc Ground-^, 
155— Fairmount. 155 — iJeuten- 
nial Grounds, 156 — Cli relies, 
159 — Libraries. 160 — Theatres, 
etc., 160— Hotels, 161— Routes to 
Places of Interest, 161— Excur- 
sions, I61d— Navy Yard, 16lrf— 
Arsenals, IWcf — t.aurel Hill 
Cemetery, 16ir/— The \Vissahi«k- 
on, ICle— Germantown, 181e— 
Valley Forge. ^%c., 161/— Longer 
Excursions, 161 (7. 

Philipsburg, N. J., 207. 

■-?ictou, N. S., 260. 

Pictured Rocks, Lake Superior, 
240. 

Piermont, N. Y., 63. 

Pike's Peak, Col., 266. 

Pilot Knob., Mo., 221. 

Pine Bluffy Neb., 270. 

Pinkham Notch, N. H., 131. 

Pithole (and Creek) Pa., 230. 

Pittsburg, Pa., ITO, 200, 202, 
226, 262. 

Pittsfield, Mass.. 139. 

Pittston, Pa., 208, 229. 

Placerville, Cal., 270. 

Plainfleld, Ct . 115. 

Plamfield N.J., 208. 

Plattsburg, N. Y., 99. 

Plum Creek, Neb., 269. 

Plyaiouth, Ind., 211. 



Plymoutn, Mass., 122. 
Plymouth, N. H.. 138. 
Plymouth, Wis., 23S. 
Pointe-aux- Anglais. Can., 247. 
Point Levi, Can.. 128, 251, 254. 
Point of Rocks, Md.. 170, 189. 
Point St. diaries. Can., 249, 250. 
Pollard, Ala., 192. 
Pond Creek, 111.. 2C3. 
Portage City. Wis , 237. 
Portage. N. Y., 89. 
Port Deposit, Md., 162. 
Port Hope, Can., 242. 
Port Huron, Mich.. 234. 
Port Jervis, N. Y., 85. 
Portland, Me., 102, 126, 250, 

251, 253, 255. 
Portland, Oregon. 268, 273. 
Port Sarnia, Can . 232. 
Portsmouth, N. H., 125, 137. 
Portsmouth, Va., (Naval Depot), 

109. 
Port Stanley, Can., 232. 
Potomac Falls, D. C, 183. 
Potosi, Mo., 221. 
Poughkoepsie, N. Y., 67. 
Prairie du Chien, Wis., 215, 238, 

239 

Prescott, Can., 243. 245, 258. 

Princeton, N. J., 147. 

Profile House, N. H., 134, 139, 140, 

141. 
Promontory Point, Utah, 272. 
Providence, R. L, 109, 115. 
Put-in-Bay Islands, (Lake Erie), 

234. 
Putnam, Ct., 115. 



Quebec, Can., 128, 138, 250, 351, 

255, 255. 
Queenston, Can., 81, 257. 
Quiucy, HI , 224, 203 

R. 

Racine, Wis.. 237. 

Rahway, N. J., 146, 197. 

Raleigh, N. C, 189. 

Raraapo Gap and Valley, N. J., 

85. 
Ramsey, Minn., 238. 
Reading, Mass., 124. 
Reading, Pa., 197, 198, 208, 209, 

229. 
Readville, Mass., 110. 



INDEX. 



Ked Bank, N. J., 59. 

Hed Wiug, Minn., 239. 

Eeno, Xev., 27:1. 

Keiiova, Pa., 230. 

Rhinebeck, X. Y., 67. 

Eice Liiko, Can., 243. 

Richmonfl, Can., 128, 251, 253, 255. 

Richmond, O., 204. 

lliCHMONP, Ya., 169, 183, 186, 

205. 
Rideau Falls, Can., 244, 245. 
Ridjteway Junction. N. C, 180. 
Kivioie <tu Loup, Can., 128, 251, 

253, 254, 256. 
Rochester, JST. H., 125, 129. 
Rochester, N. Y., 77. 
Rochester, Pa., 202, 210. 
Rockaway, N. J., 228. 
Rockbridjic Springs and Baths, 

Va., It^iic, 18!¥. 
Rock l8hvu.l,iri ,225,239,261,263. 
Rockland Lake. 63. 
Rome, N. Y., 76. 
Rondour, N. Y., 67. 
Rouse's Point, Vt., 100, 140, 

244, 250. 
Routes : 

Uo. 1.— Northern. jSTew York to 
West Point, Catskill, Albany, 
. Troy, Utica, Trenton Falls, Ko- 
chester and Niagara Falls— C2 
to 82. 
No. 2.— Northern. New York to 
Pater.son, Upper Delaware, Up- 
ppr Susquehnnua, Binghamton, 
Elraira. Buffalo and Niajrara 
Falls (Erie Railway) -83 to 90. 
No. 3— Northc^rn. New York to 
Albany, Saratoga. Lake George, 
Adirondack Mountains, Lake 
Cham plain, Vei-mont cities, and 
Montreal— 91 to 103. 
No. 4.— Eastern. New York to 
New Haven, Harttord, Spring- 
field, Providence. N' wpoit, 
New Loudon, Stonington and 
Eoston (options) — 103 to 123. 
No. 5 — Eastern. Boston to Ports- 
month. Portland, White Monn- 
tain.s, Quebec, or Montreal — 124 
to 12d. 
No. 6 —Northern and Eastern, 
Boston to Lake Winnepcsaukie, 
White JNIountaius, Portland and 
Canadian cities— 129 to 135. 
Jfo. 7. — Northern and Eastern. 
Now York to New London, 
Norwich, Worcester, New 
Hampshire cities, Lixko Win- 



nepesaukie and theWhiteMoun- 
tains— 136 to 143. 
No. 8. — Near Western New York 
to New Jersey cities and Phila- 
delphia— 144 to 161. 
No. 9. — Western and Southern. 
Philadelphia to Wilm'u (Del.), 
Bait., Wash'n and Richm'd— 162 
to 188. 
No.93'i.— Special Virginian. Bait, 
or Wash'n to Virginia Springs, 
Mountains. &c., to Lynchburg 
and Kicbm'd— 189 to l'895r. 
No. 9^^. — Western and South- 
western. Wa.sh'n or Bait, to 
Cumberland. Graft'n and Wheel- 
in _•■ and Cbicasco and St. Louis. 
No. 10. — South-AVestern, Bichmd 
to Kaleigb, Wilm'u (N. ''■■), 
Ch,n.riest!)n, Atlanta, Montg., 
Mobile and N. ()— 189i to ly-J. 
No. ll.-Soutb-Western. liich- 
moiid to Lynchlmrg, Knoxville, 
Chattanooga, Mobile and New 
Orleans— 195 to 190. 
No. 113^2- — Suuthern. Richmi.nd 
to Charleston or Savannah, and 
to J.nckRouville, St. An'jrnstine 
and Floiida liesort — 106a, 196fo. 
No. 12.— We.stern. New York or 
Philadelphia to Hariisburg, 
Pittsburg. VVheelin^-,Colunibu8, 
Cincinnati: St. Louis or Chica- 
go, (Penn. R.R.) 197 to 20.5. 
No .13.— Western. New York to 
Plaintield, S >merville, Easton, 
Allentown, H.arrisburg, Pitts- 
burg, Fort Wayne and Chicago, 
(Alientowu Ri'ute)- 206 to 216. 
;No. 14 — AVestern. Cine nnuti to 
Loui-iville, MaTnnioth Cave of 
Ky., Nashville, Caro, St. Louis, 
and Chicago— 217 to 225. 
]sjo. 1.5.— Noithern and Western. 
Buffalo to Erie, Cleveland, To- 
ledo and other Ohio cities, Cin- 
cinnati or Chicago— 226 to 227. 
jfo. 16.— Northern. New York or 
Phila. to Dover, Morristown, 
Del. Water-Gap, Coal. Lum'oer 
aiul Oil Regions, &c. .— 22.^ to 230. 
No. 17— Canadian and Western. 
Niagara Falls to St. Catherine's, 
HaiSilton, Paris, London, Cana- 
da, Oil Rejjious, Detroit, Ann 
Arbor, Kalaraazoo and Chica- 
go— 231 to 236. 
No. 18.— North-Western, Chicago 
to Kacine, Milwaukee, Madison, 



INDEX. 



Prairie du Chien, St. Paul, and 
Falls of Minncliaha and St. An- 
thony, (with optional return by 
the Mississippi or Lake Supe- 
rior)— 237 to 240, 

No. 19.— Canadian, Niagara Falls 
to St. Catherine's, Hamilton, 
Toronto, Kingston, Prescott, 
Ottawa, Montreal, Quebec and 
the Saguenay Hiver- 241 to 256. 

No. 20.— Canadian. Niagara Falls 
to Toronto, Kingston, Thousand 
Islands, Kapids of the St. Law- 
rence, Montreal and Quebec, by 
steamers •, and to Halifax, St, 
John, Fredericton, Windsor, 
Sidney, Shediac, Charlotte- 
Town, Plctou and Bathurst.— 
257 to 280. 

No. 21. — Far Western, Chicago to 
Council Bluffs, Omaha. Chey- 
enne, Ogden. Sail Lake City, Sa- 
cramento, San Francisco, the 
Big Trees, Yosemite Valley, &c. 
—261 to 276/. 

Rupert, Pa., 229. 

Rutland, Yt„ 101, 140. 

Rye Beach, N, H., 125. 

S. 
Sacramento, Cal., 273, 2T6a. 

Saginaw, Mich., 234. 

Saguenay River, Can., 255. 

Salamanca, Pa., 89, 226, 230. 

Salem, Mass., 122, 

Salem, 0., 210. 

Salisbury, Md., 163. 

Salmon Falls, N. H„ 125. 

Salmon-Trout Lake, Can., 243. 

Salt Lake City, Utah, 216, 223, 
275, 276rf. 

San Antonio, Cal , 273. 

Sandusky, O., 202, 205, 210, 227. 

Sandwich Islands, 273, 

Sandy Hook, 59. 

San Francisco, Cal., 273, 276«. 
-Streets, 2766.— PubUc Build- 
ings, 2766.— CUurches, 2766.— 
Theatres, 2766.— Hotel?, 2766.— 
Kxcursions, 276c. — Lone Moun- 
tain Cemetery, 276c.— Cliff House 
276c.— Mission Dolores, 276c.— 
Presidio and Fort Point, 276c.— 
Longer Excursions. 2T6c. 

San Jose, Cal., 273, 276a. 



San Luis, Cal., 273, 
San Quentin, Cal.. 273. 
Santa Barbara, Cal,, 273. 
Santa Fe, New Mex., 266. 
Saranac Lakes. N. Y., loo. 
Saratoga Springs. 91, 92, 140. 
Saucelito. Cal., 273. 
Sault St. Marie. 240. 
Savage, Md.. 171. 
Savannah, Ga., 190. 
Saybrook (and Junction), Ct., 108. 
Schenectady, N, Y., 74. 
Schooley's Mountain.N. J., 60,228. 
Schroon Lake, N. Y., 96 
Schuyler, Neb., 269. 
Scranton, Pa., 207, 208, 229. 
Seconnet (Point), R. I,, ]12. 
Sexton's Junction, Va., 186. 
Sharon Springs (route to), 74. 
Shasta (and Butte), Cal., 273. 
Shawangunk Mt., N. Y., 85. 
Shediac, N. B., 259. 
Shell)yville, Ky., 217. 
Sherbrooke. Can., 127. 
Sherman, Wyo., 270. 
Shohola, N. Y., 86, 
Sidney, C.B., 259, 
Sidney, Neb., 270. 
Silver City, Idaho, 269. 
Sing Sing, N, Y., 63. 
Sioux City, Iowa, 262, 264. 
Skowhegan, Me., 127. 
Sloatsburg, N. Y., 85. 
South Amboy, N. J ., 149. 
South Bend, Ind., 227, 235. 
South Berwick Junction, Me,, 125. 
South Pass, Wyo., 267. 
South Reading (Junction), Mass., 

124. 
South Trenton, N. Y., 75. 
South Vernon, Vt., 140. 
Somerville, Mass., 122. 
Somerville, N. J., 207. 
Sonora, CaL, 274. 
Sparta, Ky., 217. 
Spotswood, N. J., 149. 
Springfield, III., 224, 227, 261, 

263. 
Springfield, Mass., 106. 
Springfield, 0., from Xenia, 203. 
Stafl'ord, Ct., 139. 
St. Albans, Vt., 101, 244. 
Stamford, Ct., 103. 
Stanhope, N. J., 228. 
St. Anne's, Can., 247, 254. 
Staunton, Va., imcl. 
Stanstead, Can., 137. 



INDEX. 



St. Anthony (and FaUsof), Minn., 

215, 239. 
Starruca Viaduct, N. Y., 87. 
Stateu Island, 59, 
Staunton, Va., 186, 195. 
St. Catharine's, Can., 231, 241. 
St. Clair River and Lake, 240. 
St. Cloud. Mnn., 239. 
Steubenville, 0., 202, 210. 
Stevenson, Ala., 219. 
St. Gregoire, Can., 251. 
St. Hyacinthe, St. Brune, St. 

Hilaire, St. Lambert, Can., 128, 

250. 
St. John, Can., 100. 
St. John, N. B., 259. 
St. Joseph, Mo., 223, 262, 264. 
S6. Lawrence Rajvids, 258. 
St, Lawrence River, 258. 
St. Louis, Mo., 194, 201, 205, 216, 

220, 221, 227, 239, 261, 263. 
St. Mary's, Can., 232. 
St. Mary's, Wyo.. 270. 
Stockton, Cal., 273, 276a, 2767u 
Stonington, Ct., 109, 115. 
Stony Point, N. Y., 63. 
St. Paul Junction, Minn, 238. 
St. Paul, Minn., 215, 238. 262. 
St. Peter, Minn., 238, 239. ' 
Strasburg, Va., 183. 189c. 
Stroudsburg, Pa., 229. 
St. Thomas, Can., 254. 
Sturgis, Mich., 227. 
Stuyvesant, N. V., 70. 
Suffern's, N. J, 84. 
Summit Station, Cal., 273. 
Summit, Va,, 183, 
Sunbury, Pa,, 199. 
Susquehanna. N. Y., 87. 
Swampscott, Mass., 122. 
Stt eetwater Mining Region, Wyo., 

267. 
Syracuse, N. Y., 76. 

T. 

Tadoussac, Can., 255. 
Tallahassee, Fla. 190. 
Tarrytown, N. Y., 63. 
Terre HautP, Ind., 205a. 
Thorold Can., 231, 241 
Thousand L'^lands (and Lake), St. 

Lawrence River, 2o8. 
Three Rivers, Can., 128, 251. 
Throg'sNeck, N. Y., 111. 
Thurso. Can., 246. 
Tlconderoga, N. Y., 98. 



Tideoute, Pa., 230. 

Titusville, Pa., 230. 

Tiverton, R. I.. 114. 

Toano, Nev., 272. 

Toledo, 0., 203, 205, 210, 211, 216. 

227, 235, 240. 
Tolland, Ct., 139. 
TOPEKA, Kas., 223, 264, 276n. 
TORONTO. Can., 232, 241, 24J 

250,, 257. 
Townsend, Md., 163, 
TowsontoAvn, Md., 168. 
Trenton, Can., 243. 
Trenton Falls. 75. 
Trenton, N. J., 147, 150, 197. 
Troy, N. Y., 71. 
Truckee, Cal., 273, 276. 
Tuscaloosa, Ala., 196. 
Tyrone, Pa,, 199. 

U. 

Uintah, Utah, 271. 

Union City. Tenn., 220. 

Union College (Schenectady, N. 

Y), 74. 
Unionville, N. H., 129. 
Universily of Virginia, 183. 
Urbana, 0., from Xenla, 203. 
Utica, N. Y., 74. 



Valparaiso, 111,, 211. 
Vandalia, Ind., 2056, 225. 
Venango.. Pa, 201. 
Victoria Bridge, Can., 249, 2B0. 
Vincennes, Ind,, 205, 220. 
Vineland, N. J,, 160. 
Virginia City, Nov., 269, 
Virginia, Nev., 268. 
Visalia, Cal., 273. 
Vallejo, Cal., 276a, 276fc. 

W, 

Wadsworth, Nev., 273. 

Walla Walla, Oregon, 268. 

Wallingford, Ct., 105. 

Walton, Ky., 217. 

Wanatah, ind., 211, 

Warrenton (and Junction), Va., 

183 
Warsaw, Ind., 211. 224. 
Wasatch, Utah, 271. 
Washington, D. C, 1 72 ,20l-Lo. 

cation, 172, 173— The Capitol 



INDEX. 



xui 



174— President's House, 178 
—Patent Office, 178 — Depart 
raents, 178, 179— Smithsonian 
Institute, 180— Public Grounds 
ISO— Cliurclies, 181 — Theatres, 
181— Ploteli^, • 181 — Excursions 
181- Soldiers' Home, 181— Navy 
Yard. 181,— Congressional Cem 
etery. 181— Longer Excursions, 
181, 182. 

Washington Junction, D. C, 171. 

Washington, Iowa, 263. 

Washington (Junction). N. J., 228. 

Washington, N. J. 149. 

Washoe, Nev., 269. 

Waterford. Ct., 108. 

Waterloo, Iowa, 261. 

Waterloo, Ind., 211. 

Waterloo, N. J., 228. 

Watertown, N. Y., 76, 343. 

Watkins Glen, N. Y., 88a. 

WaukPgan, 111., 237. 

Waverley, Tenn., 220. 

Waynesburg, Pa., 197. 

Weber Canon, (and Station and 
River), Utah, 271. 

Webstei-, Mass., 115. 

Weir's Landing. N. H., 137. 

Weklon, N. C. 188. 

Wells (and Humboldt W.) Nev., 
272. 

Wells, Me., 125. 

Wells River, Vt., 101, 138, 140. 

Wenona, Mich., 234. 

Westerley, R. I., 109. 

West Island, R. I., 112. 

West Libertv, Iowa, 263. 

West Newton, Maes., 107. 

West Point. N. Y., 61, 62, 65., 

West Scarboro, Me., 135. 

Weyer's Cave, Va.. 189c, lS9c?. 

Wethersfield, Ct., 105. 

Wheeling, W. Va.. 201, 210, 227. 

Whitehall, N. Y., 101, 140. 

White House, Va., 188. 

White Mountain House, N. H., 
134. 

White Mountains, 125, 127, 130 to 
133, 137, 141 to 143. 

White Oak Bottom, Md., 171. 

White Pigeon, Mich., 227. 

White Pine, Nev., 268. 

White River Junction, Vt., 102, 
138, 140. 

White Sulphur Springs, Va., 184, 
186,1896,195. 

Wickford, R. I., 109. 



Wilcox, Pa., 230. 

Wilkesbarre, Pa., 22Q. 

Willey House, N. H.,133. 

William-and-Mary College, Va., 
from Richmond, 186. 

William's Bridge, N. Y.. 103. 

Williamsburg, Va., from Rich- 
mond, 186. 

Williamsport, Pa., 198, 229. 

Willimantic, Ct., 139. 

Wilmington, Del., 163,197. 

Wilmington Junction, Mass., 124. 

Wilmington, N. C, 188, 189. 

Wilton, Iowa, 263. 

Winchester, Va., 183, 1896. 

Windsor (and Locks), Ct., 105. 

Windsor, Can., 233. 

Windsor, N. S., 259. 

Windsor. Vt., 140. 

Winnemucca, Nev., 272. 

Wolfboro, N, H., 129, 138. 

Worcester, Mass., 106,, 115, 
136. 

Wyandotte, Kas., 264. 

Wyoming, Nev., 269. 



Xenia, 0., 203. 



X. 



Y. 

Yale College, 104. 

Yarmouth Junction, N. H., 102, 

127. 
Yarmouth, Mass., 122. 
Yonkers, N. Y., 63. 
York, Pa., 198. 
Yorktown, Va., from Richmond, 

186. 
Yo Semite Valley, Cal., 276a;, 276?* 
Ypsilanti, Mich., 234. 



Zanesville, 0., 202, 210, 227. 



DISTANCES, TIME AND FARES. 



[FEOM NEW YORK, DIRECT BY RAIL TO MOST IMPORTANT POINTS— IN 
ROUND NUMBERS AND LIABLE TO SLIGHT VARIATION.] 



NEW YORK TO 



DISTANCES. 



8/3 
6 

15 
50 
55 
48 
60 
38 
30 
23 
16 

38 
17 
35 



Albany 150 miles 5 

Atcluuson, Kan 1,370 " 

Baltimore 200 ' 

Baton Kouge 1,940 ' 

Boston 240 ' 

Butralo 450 ' 

Burlington, Iowa 1,125 " 

Cairo, Ills 1,145 ♦ 

Charleston, S. C 800 ' 

Chattanooga 1,230 ' 

Chicago 915 ' 

Cincinnati 760 ' 

Cleveland, 595 ' 

Corry (Oil Regions), Pa 520 ' 

Uenver, Col 2,040 ' 

Detroit 705 " 

Erie, Pa 550 ' 

Indianapolis 820 ' 

Mobile 1,600 ' 

Montreal 650 " 

New Orleans 1,650 ' 

Niagara Falls 450 ' 

Omaha 1,413 ' 

Philadelphia 90 ' 

Pittsburg 445 ' 

Portland, Me 400 ' 

Quebec 825 " 

Quincy, Ills 1,147 ' 

Richmond, Va 360 ' 

Salt Lake City 2.464 ' 

San Francisco 3,200 " 

Saratoga 225 ' 

Savannah 1,000 ' 

St. Louis 1.084 ' 

St. Paul 1.3SS " 

Washington 226 " 

White Mountains 500 ' 



hours. 



days 
hours 



...18 



FARES. 

$ 3 50 

46 20 

6 50 

55 00 

6 00 

" 9 50 

" 32 30 

" 36 00 

" 26 00 

" 34 00 

" 25 00 

" 22 50 

" 15 00 

" 11 70 

days 95 70 

hours 16 50 

" 12 25 

" 25 00 

"■ 60 50 

" 12 50 

" 55 00 
" \"\ 9 50 
44 50 

3 25 
13 00 

9 50 

16 50 

34 25 

15 00 

124 50 

140 00 

4 50 
34 50 
36 00 



15 " . 
3 days 
3 hours. 

16 '' . 
14X " . 
25 " . 
511^ " . 
22 " . 

5 days . 
7>r /' . 
7X hours. 

50 hours. 

3 days 43 00 

9 hours 7 00 

20 '' 8 00 



The Short-Trip Guide to America, 



COST AND TIME OF SHORT AMERICAN TRIPS. 

Several important questions are involved, with 
Europeans, and especially with Englishmen, in the 
calculations preceding a trip to America: so that 
Whether to go ? precedes the corresponding queries, 
How to go ? and Where to go ? The distance is 
known to be great, between the Old and New 
Worlds, though it is really only about one-eighth of 
that around the globe. 

AVitli many men Twie is the great object, and 
the want of it the great hindrance ; though they 
may annually spend quite as much of it as would 
be necessary for a Summer tour across the Atlantic, 
in lingering about liome watering-places and sea- 
shore resorts, re-visitmg the often-seen Lake Coun- 
try, the Welsh, Irish and Scottish Mountains, etc., 
or repeating old experiences on the Rhine, among 
the Swiss Alps or the Pyrenees. This, too, at a time 
when the great Continent of the West has been made 
so much more broadly accessible, and so much more 
closely linked to that of Europe, by the Pacific Eail- 
road, the Atlantic Cable, and other enterprises — 
when the late great civil war in the United States 



8 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE 

has necessarily left many fields worth visiting and 
relics "worth gathering — and when steam-transit 
between the two Continents has become so rapid 
and reliable that the ocean -passage is little more 
than that of a ferry. This false idea of Time is, as 
already said, the bngbear which hinders many of 
those who have comparatively -liberal means and a 
fair proportion of leisure; but with a far greater 
li'amber of those who love Nature in her varying 
moods and wide differences, and who desire to see 
the different peoples of the world, at liomcy — Money 
is the anxiety, the want of it the hindrance, and the 
belief that a mint is necessary for anything in the 
shape of transatlantic travel, the great bugbear which 
confines them to one continent. 

A large proportion of this is a mistake, originally 
induced by want of intelhgent inquiry, and material- 
ly added to by the exaggerations, not to call them 
falsehoods, of some of those who have been over the 
desired routes. While "going to America" was 
principally confined to the wealthy few or those 
driven by business demands, it was at once an easy 
and a tempting thing to do, to add to the supposed 
importance of what had been done, by overstating 
the cost as well as enlarging on the personal adven- 
ture and peril ; and, truth to say, the habit has not yet 
quite died out, now, when the many follow in the track 
of the few and detection is so much easier. Mauy a 
man, of quite the average integrity, but who supplies 
(as he believes) the center at home of an admiring 



COST AND TIME OF TRIPS. 9 

circle, not many members of whicli are likely to fol- 
low him abroad — cannot resist tlie temptation to 
show, when he returns, that he has been doing, in 
the way of cost, what they had better not attempt if 
they do not wish to fail miserably ; and it is just 
possible that there have been members of the oppo- 
site sex, guilty of adding to the misunderstanding 
by corresponding exaggerations of their own eleva- 
tion above the un traveled, and, consequently, the 
easily-deceived. 

Travelers tell "travelers' stories," in a pecuniary 
as well as an adventurous point of view: that is the 
truth, briefly stated; and those stories frighten away 
many who would else enlarge their knowledge of 
life by seeing other continents than their own. 

Now it is the fact that the European can spend 
much money in America, within a very brief period 
and without going over any wonderful space, if he 
will; just as in travels on the Continent, years ago, 
the average Englishman spent twice as much, under 
the same circumstances, as any man of any other 
nation, creating in different minds the impression 
of his being a " prince " and a " fool " — until the 
American became first his rival and then his ad- 
mitted superior, in the detail of lavish and tasteless 
expenditure, and the Englishman who made any 
pretensions to common sense, taking a lesson from 
the example, comparatively abandoned the field of 
extravagance. The lavish and the reckless may still 
pave their very way with gold, if they will — as evi- 



10 SH0B2-TBIP GUIDE. 

denced by the fact that a certain weil-kDown Eng- 
lishman, spending less than three months in the 
United States, drew upon his London bankers 
during his absence, for nearly £3,000 : the expend- 
iture all the more notable, because the tourist, a 
markedly free liver and entertainer, made no pur- 
chases of consequence for preservation, did not play, 
and never indulged in what are called the " costly 
vices." Others have followed, in different approxi- 
mations, ranging between £300 and £800 the month 
of absence; though it is to the credit of the national 
wisdom, to say that these instances of what must be 
considered wasteful expenditure for any one not in 
possession of a princely patrimony or a great bank- 
ing-house, are somewhat rare. 

So much for what may be spent in very brief 
tours, by those who can afford plenty of money, or 
think that they can do so : now for what may be 
saved, or rather for the question upon how little 
these brief tours may really be made, without dis- 
comfort or painful compromise of position. 

Even in the steerage, on some of the best-appoint- 
ed lines, passages may be made with much less dis- 
comfort than most stay-at-home peoj)le suppose; and 
it is not at all certain that thousands of hardy per- 
sons, limited in means, who spend the requisite 
amounts of time and money on very questionable 
home-amusements, approaching to vices, might not 
do well to tempt a little rugged life in the forward 
parts of the ships that carry over their wealthy 



COST AND TIME OF TRIPS. 11 

brothers in the saloon-cabins. " For on the best 
lines the discomforts, inconveniences and unhealth- 
iness of steerage-passage, have all been materially 
ameliorated within the past three or four years : the 
sleeping accommodations on many of them are en- 
durable if no more ; the food is almost always plen- 
tiful and gener^iUy excellent; the amount of amuse- 
ment enjoyed is always greater than that attainable 
by the better-lodged people at the stern ; and the 
safety to person is necessarily the same except under 
circumstances of gross carelessness. 

Let us see, for the benefit of those very limited 
in means and still desirous to see a little fragment 
of the New World — what would be the absolute cost 
of doing what emigrants of both sexes and all coun- 
tries very often do for the sake of spending a few 
days with friends in the places of nativity. Say that 
six weeks' time is attainable, and let the cost of that 
six weeks be measured as carefully and yet as liber- 
ally as possible. 

Steerage passage to New York, d£6 10s. — return, 
i£6 10s. ; total, ^13. Time not on board ship, about 
three weeks; board, for that time, average of £1 15s. 
per week, JS5 5s. Expenses of sight-seeing about 
New York, Bo^on and Philadelphia, with convey- 
ance to each, during that period, £5. Occasional 
necessary conveyance, the feet being ]3rincipally 
trusted to, ^3. Incidental expenses, liberally cal- 
culated, £L Total, £32. JElO to £12 more would 
enable the cheap tourist to visit Niagara Falls, 



12 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

greatest of American natural curiosities, and see at 
least one or two cities of the Queen's dominions in 
Canada. Grand total, with that included, £42 to 
£45; with a certainty that any economical person, 
in good health and temper, could come within the 
smaller sum named, and even reduce it, without 
other inconvenience than carefully adhering to the 
cheaper rates of conveyance corresponding to that of 
the ocean transit. 

How many comparatively-poor men ar3 there with 
longing and hopeless desires after seeing other coun- 
tries than their own, who never make any calcula- 
tion or effort to such an end, and yet who could and 
would compass it if they fairly understood the com- 
parative trifle for which so much might be enjoyed ! 

One of the greatest of American travelers, Mr. 
Bayard Taylor, made his first European excursion 
under cii'cumstances quite as illiberal as anything 
here indicated — "did " Great Britain and a very con- 
siderable portion of the Continent on foot, except 
with rare instances of riding, and remained abroad 
something like two years, his whole expenditure 
being only about $500 (say £105), and the fortunate 
result of his travel that successful volume "Yiews- 
a-foot; or, Europe seen with Knapsack and Staff." 
And it is very doubtful whether in any portion of 
his later experience, in all descriptions of traveling 
"stat'r," up to that of Secretary of Legation at St. 
Petersburg, he has ever enjoyed his wanderings bet- 
ter than when making that first essay as a poor 



COST AND TIME OF TRIPS. 13 

boy. As a pleasant pendant to wbich, tbe -writer 
recalls having met, not many montlis ago, in the 
streets of New York, an English workman from 
/Sheffield, spending a little of his moderate surplus- 
earnings in seeing what he called " a tidy bit of the 
New World," and one of the most intelligent of 
travelers on many subjects of interest and enquiry 
— whose expenditure, as given by himself, would 
not reach within ten j)er cent, of the figures above 
given, while he was healthy, happy and entirely 
comfortable in what his saving expenditure allowed 
him to secure and enjoy. 

But the figures already given represent, of course, 
the minimum possibility of travel in any desirable 
part of America, compatible with even the decencies 
of life, without too many of its comforts; and, it is, 
equally of course, with that class of people standing 
midway between the possible steerage-passenger and 
the traveler en prince, that we have next and princi- 
pally to do. The most important question of this 
paper is — What need he the expenses and the time 
consumed for a certain round, of a traveler going 
first-class and demanding all the comforts, and yet 
indisposed to waste money on costly luxuries? 

To answer that question, then, as intelligibly as 
may be consistent with brevity. 

For six to seven weeks' absence from home, visit- 
ing New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, 
Washington, one or two of the most noted water- 
ing-places, Niagara Falls, and one or two of the cities 
of Canada — only 



14 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Ticket to New York and return, £36 to £60— say 
an average of £48, for wliicb. all necessary comfort 
and quite sufficient " style" can be secured. Average 
board of the tliree weeks off-ship, £3 to £4 per week 
— say £10 10s. Traveling expenses, railway and 
carriage fares, etc., £30. Maps, pictures, curio- 
sities, etc., (not at all necessary, but inevitable), 
£10. Incidental expenses, for which no name can 
be given; money to guides, beggars, stewards and 
servants; money lost and wasted, with an occasional 
indulgence in a luxury, not including costly wines 
or " society," gambling or other vices — £15. Total, 
£113 10s. £12 to £15 or possibly £18, may easily 
be saved from this, by a very careful jperson, leaving 
the expenditure about £100; and a person at aU the 
reverse of careful may quite as easily add a corres- 
ponding sum, making the expenditure, with no 
greater amount of travel or sight-seeing, £125 to 
£130. 

For ten weeks' absence, an estimate of £50 addi- 
tional may safely be made, bringing the total outlay 
up to say £160 10s; and this will secui-e, in addition 
to the round already named, an extension of the 
tour through the White and Green Mountains of 
the north-east, with Saratoga, Lake George, and 
Lake Winnepisaukie; or it will add the great Coal 
Kegions of Pennsylvania, Cincinnati, and other 
cities of Ohio, with Chicago, and glimpses of the 
Mississippi and the Great Lakes. 

For three months' (thkteen or fourteen weeks) 



COST AND TIME OF TRIPS. 15 

absence, another £50 may be added, bringing the 
amount up to say £200 or £210; and with this all 
the foregoing may be done, with the addition of the 
" North-West," now fouud in the States bordering 
the Upper Missouri, with the Lake Superior region, 
and a much more extended visit to the cities of 
Canada, and the natural curiosities of the Domin- 
ion; or, it will enable the tourist (if the season 
should be a proper one for Southern travel) to go 
southward from Washington to Richmond, Charles- 
ton, Savannah and New Orleans, with their inter- 
mediate towns and a general view of what is 
technically known in the United States as "the 
South." 

Four months will add to this £50 to £G0 of| e;s- 
penditure, bringing up the outlay to £2G0 or £280, 
and permitting the pursuance of some of the routes 
named, more at leisure, as well as the addition of 
others of the watering-places, if the visit is paid in 
the proper season. And within the same time may 
even be managed a run over the Pacific Bailroad, to 
Salt Lake City, San Francisco, and the great natural 
curiosities of California, with a view of the Pacific 
— though five months would be a more rational cal- 
culation for the whole time of absence. With the 
California route added, the expenditure will be 
found materially increased from all the previous cal- 
culations — say £100 additional for that alone; the 
amount necessary for the four-to-live-months trip, 
with Pacific excursion crowning it, being some- 
where within the range from £360 to £380 or £400, 



16 • SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

and half of the continent travelled over in that time 
and at that cost. 

At this point the phrase "short-trip" may be 
said to be exhausted; for only people of liberal 
means and abundant leisure are likely to go far 
beyond in any one visit, and to them these calcula- 
tions possess only limited interest; though even 
they may find a certain advantage in bestowing that 
shght amount of study on the subject, necessary to 
secure a proper knowledge of time to be spent and 
money used to the best purpose. 



PREPARATIONS FOR THE TRIP TO AMERICA. 

The following paper, like some of the others to 
come after it, is especially intended for those who 
have never before crossed the Atlantic; and, conse- 
quently, some of the advice tendered in it may seem 
very primitive to those who have already taken 
their degree, however low a one, in the academy of 
traveling experience. The suggestion may prop- 
erly be added, however, that even some of those 
who have taken that degree may find themselves 
none the worse for reading over these hints, even if 
they do so to dissent from them. An apology may 
need to be made, too, for the direct and conversa- 
tional style adopted in this and some other papers : 
the aim of the writer is, in this regard, to come as 
near as possible to the words and manner that 
would be used in a personal conversation, with one 
of the parties doing much more than half of the 
talking. 

It may be proper, too, with reference to this paper 
and those succeeding, to say that the writer speaks 
almost entirely from personal experience — and that 
where that experience has failed, it has been eked 
out, not often through the means of books, but 
from the personal hints and relations of frequent 
and experienced travelers. For himself, the writer, 



18 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

in repeated and extended travel on both continents, 
has made, first and last, nearly all the mistakes 
against which in the present instance he attempts 
to guard others, and felt the necessity for some in- 
struction like that which he now endeavors to im- 
part, on almost every point touched upon. So much 
said, the promise of the paper must be kept, in a 
brief but comprehensive list of rules connected with 
the preparation for transatlantic voyages, and es- 
pecially for those first voyages which more or less 
imitate Columbus. 

1st. Decide whether you can afford time and 
money to go at all, taking into consideration the 
before-urged opportunities for economy. Also, de- 
cide whether, in going, you leave too much of anx- 
iety, personal or pecuniary, for fair enjoyment; for 
there is an old adage about the absentee who " drags 
with each remove a lengthening chain," and there 
are not charms enough, even in the natural scenery 
and odd character-studies of the New World, to 
make such a trip " pay," when the heart or the busi- 
ness-powers must be left at home. So much decided, 
and in the affirmative, then 

2nd. Having made up your mind, stick to the 
resolution. Arrange your time of going, and make 
eveiy thing work to accommodate that — not leave 
that to accommodate itself to everything. Gener- 
ally, in this as in everything else in life, too long 
anticipation is not the healthiest or the most profit- 
able, and a voyage not canvassed over for five years 



PREPARATIONS. 19 

in advance is likely to yield more pleasure than one 
submitted to that length of speculation. Above all 
things never boast that you are going, when you 
Aiave merely thought of going and made no definite 
decision; as unpleasant consequences may often re- 
sult, in the event of the projected voyage being 
abandoned, and the suspicion may sometimes creep 
into the minds of acquaintances, either that there 
was "bounce" in the original statement, or that 
some heart-failure at the last moment has induced 
the abandonment. 

3d. Having resolved upon time of going and 
probable duration of trip, and selected the line of 
steamers by which the outward voyage is to be 
made, do not permit th,e paltry folly of wishing to 
keep a certain number of pounds for a few days 
longer in pocket, to prevent the early taking of a 
passage. The best state-rooms of any fa\ orite steam- 
ship are likely to be first taken up; and even in the 
event of any unexpected hindrance occurring, there 
is rarely any difficulty in disposing of a well-located 
berth, while most of the companies, at any time be- 
fore the "eleventh hour," will transfer the passen- 
ger from one steamer to a later one, if a change of 
time is all the deviation from the original plan 
rendered necessary. 

4th. If suddenly-occurring events happen to 
have changed the calculation in the other direction, 
and the plan of going is formed almost at the very 
moment whea some favorite steamer is about to 



20 SHORITBIP GUIDE. 

sail, never heed the stories so likely to be told, that 
" the steamer is full and you cannot get a place ! '* 
There is nearly always room for "one passenger 
more," as there is in most land conveyances ; and 
if the worst comes to the worst, it is a very rare case 
when some of the officers of the ship cannot be 
found ready to give up a room for the run, at the 
inducement of no-very-large addition to the price of 
the passage-ticket. These are suggestions for ex- 
treme cases, however : as before said, passage had 
much better be taken early, whenever possible, for 
reasons already stated or about to be. 

5th. In selecting berths, when a good opportu- 
nity for choice remains, always aim to get as near 
as possible to the midships of the vessel — a consid- 
eration of not much consequence to old voyagers 
with strong nerves, but of great importance to 
landsmen, as every foot of distance from the waist 
increases the amount of motion in a heavy sea; and 
not only is the danger of sea-sickness less amid- 
ships, but the chances of having sleep broken by 
the " pitch " of a " head " or " following " sea are 
proportionably decreased when so located. The 
same principle applies, in a less degree, to the 
question of outside or inside rooms (those inside or 
outside of the alleyways). There is much less effect 
from the " roll," in a " beam " sea, for those occupy- 
ing inner berths ; but there is always much less 
light for reading or any other purpose, and the one 
advantage will j)robably balance the other, except 



PREPARATIONS. 21 

in winter passages, when the inner rooms are alto- 
gether preferable. 

6th. No guide-book, until very la ely, ever con- 
tained a hint of the advice to be embodied in this 
paragraph; and yet there is no word of counsel, of 
the whole, more important. Unless that miserable 
being, a "man of letters," and thus compelled to be 
always reading — there are few intending voyagers, 
male or female, who will not be the better for a lit- 
tle "reading up" as to any country about to be 
visited. A fresh glance at the Atlas, to see how the 
different sections lie and the relation which they 
bear to each other, is almost indispensable, even to 
some of us who flatter ourselves (before v/e think 
the second time) that we learned our geography in 
early life, and have kept pretty well up with it ever 
since. This rule, as already hinted, applies to travel 
and to travelers in all countries, but to no other 
geographical division of the earth's surface with the 
same force as to the New World, and especially to 
that covered by the Great Republic of the West, 
where change seems the rule, and where the altera- 
tions of boundaries and names, within the past few 
years, have been almost as startling as those effected 
in political status and society. Upon the relative 
positions of different States, the names of their 
capitals and chief cities, their rivers and natural 
wonders, and even their commercial and industrial 
features, it is exceedingly profitable to be as well as 
possible freshened in advance; and the same remark 



23 SHORT-TRIP GTJJBE. 

obviously applies with equal force to the main facts 
of history and the more important points in estab- 
lished or current literature And to the latter sug- 
gestion a few words of particulars may be added. 
Exactly as a man from the New World would find 
more than half his possible pleasure lacking, visit- 
ing Great Britain without possessing any compre- 
hensive knowledge of Shakspeare, Scott, Burns, 
Thackeray, Moore, Tennyson, etc., or France with 
no acquaintance with Rousseau, Voltaire, Lamartine, 
Beranger, Victor Hugo, Dumas, etc. — so the visitor 
from the Old World to the New must be lacking in 
many of the opportunities for observation, social 
life and popularity, who fails to know something of 
Cooper, Irving, Hawthorne, Longfellow, Whittier, 
Bret Harte, Mark Twain, and (especially for New 
England travel) Holmes, Emerson and Lowell. 

7th. Another " rubbing up" is advisable though 
not absolutely indispensable. Thousands of ques- 
tions about nutive land, its physical appearance, 
wealth, working of government, industrial aspects, 
etc., are constantly asked of all persons on their 
travels, supposed to be of the average intelligence, 
by foreigners whom they chance to meet; and it is 
decidedly pleasant as well as proper, not to be three 
or four thousand miles from home, unable to answer 
the simplest questions with reference to things oc- 
curring at our own doors. The more we know about 
our own land, the more intelligent and agreeable 
travelers we shall make; and, in this connection, 



PREPARATIONS. 23 

8tk Throw overboard two false impressions, to- 
gether, before leaving- EnroiDe, Overboard with the 
idea, at once, that the land you are leaving is better 
than all others in every regard, so that nothing can 
be learned abroad: and with it give the go-by to 
the alternative impression that you have nothing 
worth asserting and even boasting about, and that 
what you are to learn abroad will stand in place of 
the previous experience and pride of a life. Each 
of the leading European countries possesses, at this 
day, many things unequaled by the rest of the world 
and matters of legitimate pride to her citizens; but 
she is almost equally sure to have errors and defi- 
ciencies which may well be corrected by observa- 
tions among other, if not necessarily wiser, people. 
Every tourist going abroad should carry with him 
all practical knowledge of his own land, and all 
^veil-founded pride in it; and, at the same time, he 
should travel with eyes and ears open and power to 
divest himself of ridiculous national vain-glory pre- 
judicially shutting away all beyond. 

And now to a fev/ minor particulars belongiDg to 
the very eve of starting, and still important enough 
to deserve place and number: 

9th. Start with a confident expectation of return- 
ing, and yet leave property-interestKS d^^posed of as 
if no return was likely to be made. There is really 
less danger, in a given number of days, in going 
over-sea than in most railway-travel; but absences 
thus involved are necessarily much longer and de- 



24 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

mand additional forethongbt in at least one or two 
particulars. "No man dies the sooner for making 
Ins will," they say; and certainly no man travels 
less comfortably for leaving affairs at home in such 
a shape, that, if he does not return, his absence will 
cause the least possible inconvenience to those left 
behind. And, in this connection, again, 

10th. There is nothing wiser for the departing 
"family-man," whatever the status of those depend- 
ent upon him, than an investment in a moderate 
life-assurance, with an additional assurance against 
accident. Nothing of an earthly character (the re- 
ligious questions will naturally suggest themselves) 
adds more comfort in a storm at sea, or danger in 
some distant land, than the reflection that there 
would be, at least, one benefit from the risk ter- 
minating unfavorably: the dear ones at home ivoidd 
he jyecuniarily the gainers by it. 

11th. Arrange baggage compactly, and not too 
extensively. For each person (male— the ladies 
will make rules for themselves, applying what hints 
may chance to suit them) — one stout leather or 
wood-and-leather trunk of 30 to 3G inches by 16 to 
20 inches, and one convenient valise for carrying in 
the hand, are always sufficient, for anything less 
than carrying over the whole personal eiFects with 
a view to residence. The trunk for deposit in the 
great cities, in the event of expecting to return 
along the same line — if not, unavoidably to be car- 
ried along. The valise for short excursions from 



PREPARATIONS. 25 

those great centers haviog this advantage — that it 
can be carried in the railway-carriage or cab, wbi!; 
the trunk must ba looked after, wiih trouble a:..; 
expense. Both trunk and valise should be pi in y 
marked with name and residence — initials not al- 
ways enough for either safety or convenience. If 
the trunk is small enough, for the sea- voyage, to find 
place in the state-room, all the better; if not, care 
must be taken that, before it goes into the hold, all 
articles afe taken out from it that will be needed 
before landing on the other side. The valise w^ill 
always find place in the state-room, of course. And 
this brings 

12th. The important question of Clothing, with 
reference to which a few general suggestions may 
be found valuable. The point of view here taken ig 
especially for the male sex, but the female will find 
it easily varied to their requirements. For crossing 
the North Atlantic, to return in two or three months, 
the first requirement is a suit of thick clothes, so old 
and valueless that one can lounge upon the deck in 
them, with no fear of damage. (Dandyism is at a 
discount at sea — a lesson quickly and surely learn- 
ed.) Clothing thick, because sea air is nearly always 
damp, and generally cold. Then as thick an over- 
coat and gloves as can well be procured, the use of 
which will become patent, either off the Irish coast 
or among the fogs and possible icebergs of the 
Banks of Newfoundland. A thick blanket, rug, or 
heavy robe, to make lounging upon deck the easier 



26 SHOm-TRIP GUIDE. 

and warmer. For summer travel in llie North em. 
Middle and Western States, or Canada, a neat travel- 
ing-suit of Melton, with one of flannel for proceed- 
ing farther southward, and for very hot weather in 
even the States named. A summer-overcoat or 
wrap of waterproof Melton or aqua-scutum — not so 
regularly or often needed as in the British Islands, 
but indispensable. Heavy-wool under-clothing for 
sea use, with courage enough to double it if neces- 
sary ; for American hot weather, on land, lighter 
under-clothing of merino, silk, or zephyr. A dress- 
suit, if entrance into "society" is intended, or if 
there is plenty of room in the trunks ; as clothing 
is somewhat high in America, while exceptionally 
tasteful and well made — though, candidly, in hunied 
trips of this character, the traveling-suit is seldom 
shaken off. Figured or colored-wool overshui;s, with 
high throat, collar and wristbands, for time at sea, or 
for any temporary " camping-out " or " roughing-it '* 
among woods or mountains. Plenty of linen and 
white goods, to avoid being at the n>3rcy of the 
washerwoman at times of sudden transit, and be- 
cause all these, as well as all hosiery and under- 
clothing, cost more in the United States than in 
England. Stout-soled shoes — of calf, best. Low- 
crowned tourist-bat, of felt (dress-hat to be bought, 
if necessar}^); umbrella, of late years almost as in- 
dispensable on the western side of the Atlantic 
as the eastern ; a good opera-glass, necessary for 
catching views rapidly and correctly, both by sea 



PREPABATIONS. 27 

and lancl, and' more convenient if not too large for 
the pocket and not necessitating tlie prononce strap. 

13tb. Make such arrangements, if possible, that a 
little longer absence than that contemplated will not 
work serious business or other inconvenience, as the 
best calculator cannot always be quite sure of non- 
detention through some influence or action beyond 
himself. 

14th. Arrange (as befora suggested) to take a lit- 
tle more money abroad than is supposed to be neces- 
sary for either time or distance; but 

15th. Carry in actual money, (English gold, or 
Bank of England notes, with a trifle of silver) only 
so much as will pay expenses on ship-board and last 
during the few days that may happen to elapse be- 
fore reaching the point at which the first draft is 
made payable. All beyond this should be taken 
either in bills-of-exchange on bankers in one or 
more of the more important cities to be visited, or 
in circular letters-of-credit to corresponding houses 
in those cities. It is scarcely necessary to say that 
only the very first-class of banking houses, at home, 
should be dealt with, in procuring exchange or let- 
ters-of-credit, if the painful possibility of finding 
oneself abroad without funds, is to be avoided. 

16th. Take some letters of introduction, when 
tendered, and to the right persons; but depend very 
little upon them, except in some business point of 
view. The fact is that, without any discourtesy to 
givers being intended, letters of introduction go for 



28 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

less ill America and secure less consideration addi- 
tional to the deportment and standing of the bearer, 
than in any other part of the civilized globe : and 
they .should be understood and rated accordingly. 
Added to which may be set down that iii no other 
countiy is the best society of auy given region so ac- 
cessible, the letter of introduction being thus ren- 
dered little else than commercial or useless. 

17th . Avoid attempting to carry over, among bag- 
gage, anything that can be construed as beyond ne- 
cessary personal use, as the American administration 
of the customs, of late years, is stringent to oppres- 
siveness, and a misunderstanding on that point may 
be more easily avoided than removed. (Articles 
most watched for and guarded against are clothing, 
[new and in undue quantity,] silks, linens, laces, 
watches, jewelry and precious stones). 

18th. Create as little impression as possible, on 
the verge of departure, of feeling that some event, 
moving half the world, is taking place in your first 
leaving your native land. A sea- voyage, now, no fur- 
ther than America, is about equivalent to a trip from 
London to Edinburgh or Dundee, fifteen years ago 
— and not much more than was the transit across 
the channel to France, at the distance back of thirty 
or fifty years; and the observing world is generally 
coming to regard it in that light. 

19th and last. If possible, go on board before the 
last moment of sailing, and have auy heavy luggage 
on board even earlier. Also, if possible, make any 



PBEPARATIONa. 29 

extended tender farewells earlier and elsewhere tlian 
on the crowded deck of a steamer, at the last mo- 
ment, when everybody is in the way of everybody 
else, when the officers naturally wish to throw over- 
board all the whiners, and when there is a probabil- 
ity of the grief of departure being added to by the 
worry of having wife, sister, child or friend tumbled 
into the river at the landing-stage, or dropped over 
between tender and steamer as the two separate. 



WHAT TO DO AND AVOID ON SHIPBOARD, 

The advice in this paper, too, will be set down di- 
dactically, and much of it will be considered as very 
elementary by those who have once or oftener cross- 
ed the Atlantic. In the meantime, not even to some 
of them will the maxims be found unprofitable, if 
attended to — ^judging by the very large number of 
habitual travelers who seem to happen upon the 
very conditions of discomfort and imprudence, as if 
seeking them. 

1st. Perhaps the first condition of comfort in a 
sea-voyage, is to avoid making up the mind as to 
any positive time at which the voyage must be con- 
cluded. To look across the three thousand miles of 
the Atlantic, and think over the days necessary to 
traverse it, even on the swiftest vessel, is rather dis- 
couraging than the reverse, to people of rapid, 
thought and active habit; but by simply avoiding 
any definite calculation, and considering the ship 
and her officers and crew as doiog their "day's 
work," the amount of impatience may be veiy con- 
siderably reduced. Creeping ahead a little every 
day, the whole voyage will soon be accomplished : 
that is enough to know and enough to feel, no mat- 
ter what anxieties may be at the eud. 

2d. Perhaps the next desideratum is to avoid any 



OJS SHIPBOARD. 31 

considerable anxiety as to the voyage being a pros- 
perous one, by first remembering that more than an 
hundred runs are made without a single accident, 
and more than five hundred without the total loss 
of a vessel — and then falling back upon that pleas- 
ant recollection that you have not the affair in 
charge, any way — that (Providence over all, and al- 
ways to be remembered, of course,) the officers and 
crew of the ship have their duty to do and are very 
likely to do it, for the sake of their own lives and 
the property committed to their skill. It may be 
straining a point, perhaps, but there is really some 
philosophy in .getting into the state of mind of 
the droll fellow who demonstrated to one of the 
" anxious," in a storm at sea, that, having paid their 
passage^ and the company having consequently con- 
tracted to take them across, the question of the 
ship's foundering was really something with which 
they (the passengers) had nothing to do ! This may 
not have much reassured the frightened man, but it 
certainly silenced him ; and there no doubt was 
more than a grain of earnest in the old traveler's 
philosophy of remembering that he did not deer the 
ship, as there was undoubtedly comfortable indo- 
lence in it. 

3d. It is not wise to expect too much on ship- 
board, either in the way of luxury, or even of positive 
comfort. Ships, at the largest, are small as com- 
pared with hotels, and at the steadiest are "shak}^,'* 
as compared to private dwellings, except when the 



33 SHORT TRIP GUIDE. 

latter have the rarity of earthquakes to throw them 
off the perpendicular. Plenty of good food, respect- 
able though confioed sleeping-quarters, and attend- 
ance fair, but by no means that of a first-class hotel 
— these are all that ought to be expected; and a very 
little philosophy makes them enough. It has before 
been said that " dandyism is at a discount, at sea ; " 
so is, or ought to be, finickiness. What if neither 
shaving, nor dressing, nor any of the other offices of 
civilized life, can be done quite as well as at home ? 
Nobody notices whether they are scrupulously per- 
formed, or not ; and some of the neatest of men 
when on shore, when they have become old travel- 
ers, consent to be slovenly for those few days with- 
out serious suffering. The golden rule, on going to 
sea, is : Expect very little, and he prepared to hear 
good-humoredly with it ; then, if " all the modern 
conveniences" should, happen to present themselves, 
as is not at all likely, they Avill afford double en- 
joyment, and the want of them will not entail 
misery. 

4th. Determine to be as jolly as health will allow, 
and as companionable as is at all consistent with the 
temperament. Join in all practical harmless amuse- 
ments and exercises, with the result of making your 
own days less tedious, and producing the same 
effect on those of others. One jolly fellow, some- 
times, seems to leaven up a whole ship-load ; one or 
two glum faces act like a wet-blanket on all con- 
cerned. There is a comradery in sea-going, scarcely 



ON SHIPBOARD. 33 

second to that of the army; and some of the pleas- 
antest friendships of years originate on the deck 
filled witli comparative strangers. Quoits, shovel- 
board, chess, draughts, backgammon, social games 
at cards, all these supply amusement to those who 
will take part in them ; and there is room for any 
amount of table sociability at meals, not marred but 
rather increased by the little accidents to which 
breakfasting or dining in rough weather is certainly 
subject. 

5th. Make friends, early, with the captain and 
other officers of the ship, so far as they will permit ; 
but take no liberties with them, and carefully avoid 
compromising ajy one of them Avho may have shown 
any peculiar favor, by speaking of it to others of the 
ship's company or passengers. Strictly observe those 
cardinal rules Avhich forbid going upon the bridge, 
talking with the officers when on duty, or distract- 
ing the attention of the quarter-masters at the 
wheel. Avoid getting in the way of the officers at 
the compa?s, or hindering them when engaged in 
that most important event of the day — '' taking an 
observation.'' Obey them, quietly and respectfully, 
when they give a direction calculated to secure your 
safety or prevent accident — even if the reason of the 
order should not be fully evident to a landsman. 
Don't inquire any oftener than is unavoidable, where 
the ship is at any particular moment, what a certain 
movement on deck means, what kind of weather it 
is going to be during the next twenty-four hours ; 



r,4 SHOm-TRIP GUIDE. 

and don't ask the men, when they are heaving the 
log, how many miles an hour the ship is goinof, or 
don't expect them to tell the truth if you do ! Don't 
get in the way when hawsers are being overhauled 
or yards braced; and don't wonder if, getting in the 
way when some evolution of hauling the ropes is 
going on, you occasionally trip and so Iccirn what 
times and places are dangerous. Don't attempt to 
"help," at any time, except in the rare event of an 
accident; and thus " keeping out of the way," with- 
out losing any chance of observation and enjoyment, 
secure the friendship of the ojSicers, the respect of 
the crew, and the gratitude of all concerned. 

6th. Make friends with the stewards, at once, not 
only by treating them respectfully, but by speaking 
to the two in charge of your particular table and 
state-room — requesting their attention and prom- 
ising them the due douceur at the end of the voy- 
age. Half a sovereign each to the saloon and lower- 
saloon stewards, and say a crown to the "boots," 
with half-a-crown for beer to the captain of the 
watch who first " chalks" you when you break the 
rules of the ship by going forward, and perhaps half 
a dozen shilhogs to persons who do errands for you 
during the run — this, reaching not much more than 
thirty shilliu gs altogether, is quite sufficient to 
grease the wheels of service and make welcome then 
and afterwards. 

7th. Avoid attempting to read much, at sea, how- 
ever interest may tempt in that direction. TLero 



OK SHIPBOARD. 35 

is a motion and jar of the vessel, making the letters 
swim and damaging head and optic-nerves to a de- 
gree needing days for recovery. Some persons can 
read steadily, almost without injury; others cannot: 
'it is never best to try the experiment when it can be 
avoided. And there is rarely much occasion : it is a 
poor passage-list in which more amusement cannot 
be f'jund than in books, for the short period con- 
sumed in crossing the Atlantic. 

8th. Keep on deck, all that is possible. Half the 
charm of going to sea lies in the pure, fresh air, 
except in very stormy weather. The air of lower- 
cabins and state-rooms is necessarily more or less 
confined, and consequently unhealthy ; while the 
healthiest atmosphere in the world comes fresh to 
the lungs from blue water. There is far less danger 
of sea-sickness, too, on deck than below, when actual 
illness does not enforce confinement to the berth ; 
and the thousand sights and sounds of sea-life — 
sunrises, sunsets, moonlight, storm-waves, whales, 
porpoise-shoals, passmg vessels, observations, log and 
lead heaving, making and taking in sail, signalling, 
etc., are only to be enjoyed by those who keep the 
deck as persistently as possible. And this is even ad- 
ditionally true at times of leaving or making laud ; 
approaching port, etc., opportunities for remark and 
study, lost during which periods, may be and prob- 
ably will be lost forever. 

9th. Dress warmly — quite as warmly as comfort 
demands, and err on the safe side if at all. Sea-air, 



86 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

ihongh healthy, is damp and deceptive as to temper- 
ature. Nev^r mind the appearance ; put on the 
clothes. 

10th. Take much exercise. Want of occupation 
induces long sitting at table and hearty eating; and 
the system must be a strong one which can endure 
this for days, without exercise, and yet suffer no in- 
jury. When there is not too much sea to make it 
possible, at least a mile or two should be walked 
every morning, and a corresponding space in the 
afternoon — the long cleared decks, or the alleyways, 
of most of the best steamers, rendering this amuse- 
ment of exercise easy and convenient. 

11th. Aid the direction last named, by eating 
moderately as usual habits will allow — either by 
abridging the quantity of each meal, or by avoiding 
some of the number. Four meals per day are usu- 
ally provided — breakfast, lunch, dinner and tea: very 
often, and especially when there is any tendency to 
inactivity of the system, and fever, two of the four 
may be profitably omitted. 

12th. Put confidence in the ship ; believe, for the 
time being, that the ship is the best afloat. If j-ou 
go down into the fire-room (which, by the way, is 
quite as well kept out of), don't fall into the f;incy 
that so large a mass of fire in the midst of a vessel 
must inevitably burn her ; vessels are especially con- 
structed to guard against that danger, and iron does 
not take fire easily. Don't be alarmed at the noises 
continually coming from the fire-room, or think that 



ON SHIPBOARD. 37 

some calamity lias happened there : firemen are nor- 
mally noisy as well as grimy, and they need to 
speak loudly to make themselves heard. Don't 
fancy, in short, that everything will go wrong unless 
you attend to it, except in one particular; and that is, 

13th. Join the fire-police of the ship, and stick to 
the organization. Take no combustible materials 
below in your baggage — neither matches nor danger- 
ous chemicals; take no light of any kind below the 
decks, for better reason than because there is a 
severe punishment for any proceeding of the kind — 
the all-powerful reason that such an act may destroy 
your own life and the lives of others. On this point, 
watch your own conduct and that of others, and no 
harm is likely to result from the close surveillance; 
though any discovery made should always be com- 
municated quietly to some person in charge, and not 
shouted through the ship so as to create a panic 
among the passengers. 

Idth. Never go forward when the ship is pitching 
into a heavy sea: there is always danger of injury, in 
such an experiment by a landsman, and very often of 
being swept overboard, at times when even sailors can 
scarcely keep footing on the wet and slippery decks. 
Never stand at or very near the taffrail (extreme 
stern) in correspondingly heavy weather, as there is 
always danger of the ship "jumping out from under 
you" — an accident which sometimes happens to ex- 
perienced seamen who stand unguardedly in that 



38 SHORT- TBIP GUIDE. 

dangerous position. Never climb upon the bul- 
warks, however calm the sea; for there is no know- 
ing at what moment there may be one roll — enough 
to finish the individual Yoj^age very unpleasantly. 

15th. Never attempt to go up or down one of the 
companion-ways (stairs), or along one of the gang- 
ways, or the decks, when the sea is heavy, without 
making as much use of the hands as the feet — hold- 
ing on fii'mly to the nearest convenient rail. Broken 
ribs or limbs are sometimes the consequence of for- 
getfulness or bravado, on this point . 

16th. In the event of illness (other than sea-sick- 
ness), don't take nostrums, or trust to anything in 
your private "medicine-chest." There is always 
one surgeon, or more, on each ship; they are paid 
for attending to the health of passengers, without 
charge except for costly medicine; they are partic- 
ularly familiar with the treatment prudent at sea; 
and it is very often the case that medicines upon 
which dependence can be placed when on the more 
stable elemcDt, prove injurious in the abnormal con- 
dition of never being entirely quiet. 

17th. If sea-sick, don't fancy the disease is a mor- 
tal one. Few people die of it, though many (it is to 
be feared) are rendered vastly uncomfortable. Keep 
the bravest heart and the strongest determination 
possible, against the great foe; and above all, do 
not join the noble army of those who ask to be mer- 
cifu ly "thrown overboard' as a means of escaping 
the torture. Nobody dares obey the request — not 



ON SHIPBOARD. 39 

even your worst enemy, who wishes that he could ; 
and if it should be obeyed, the chances are ten to 
one that before you had gone down ten fathoms in 
blue water the cry might be a different one. 

18th. Berths, in sea-going ships, are mostly sin- 
gle ; and yet it is best, especially in heavy weather, 
to have a ied-fellotv. This is easily found in the 
Valise or well-filled carpet bag, which packed closely 
in against the side-board, the would-be sleeper lying 
on the side in the inner part of the berth, will gen- 
erally enable him to lie without rolling, even when 
the ship is doing her worst in that direction, and 
secure sleep when it would be otherwise impossible 
from the constantly- waking motion. An alternative 
arrangement of almost equal excellence in rough 
weather^ though not always practicable — is to use a 
broad luggage-strap, fastened to any stanchion at 
the back of the berth and then buckled around the 
breast of the would-be sleeper. 

19th — and more important than any of the pre- 
ceding. Kemember, oftener than when the service 
is read on Sabbath morning, that there is a Hand^ 
wiser and stronger than that of any officer of the 
ship, ruling not only the vessel, but the waves upon 
which she rides and the winds and other elements 
which may place her in periL 



BELL-TIME AT SEA. 

Passengers by any of the transatlantic steam- 
ers, or on any other extended route involving the 
continual change of longitude, should never risk in- 
juring their time pieces by setting them slower or 
faster, but quietly allow them to run down imme- 
diately after starting, and keep them in that condi- 
tion, though carrying them in the ordinary upright 
position, until the end of the voyage. They will be 
obliged, meanwhile, to depend upon the ship's bell, 
with occasional glimpses of the saloon-clock, for the 
requisite knowledge of the flight of time during 
each day, to prevent a mental vacuum on that sub- 
ject, and enable them to make proper preparation 
for meals. 

A little experience of the use of the bell, however, 
is necessary for putting this advice into ready prac- 
tice ; and the following brief table of "bell-time at 
sea" will be found worth an hour or two of study, to 
that end; one fact being always borne in mind: 
that the farther eastward the faster the time, and, 
the farther westward, the slower ; so that a steamer 
of ordinary speed loses about half an hour per day 
of the running time with which she is charged, in 
going eastward, and gains a corresponding amount 
of time in going westward. 



BELL TIME AT SEA. 



41 



Commencing the clay at sea, witli the half-hour 
succeeding midnight, the following explanation of 
the " bells" (i. e., strokes of the hell) will be found 
easily understood and quite sufficient for practical 
use, if one aid to the memory is employed — the re- 
collection that the odd numbers of strokes are always 
half-hours, that the even numbers are always hours, 
and that those hours which can be divided by 4 are 
always represented by numbers which can also be 
divided by 4. 



1 bell .... 


.... %o 


'clock, A. M, 


1 bell .... 


.... Vz o 


clock, p. M. 


2 bells .... 


1 




2 bells .... 


.... 1 




" 


3 " .... 


.... \y^ 


" " 


3 


'' 


.... l^i 


" 


" 


4 " .... 


2 


• i i» 


4 


" 


.... 2 


" 


« 


5 " .... 


.... 2>, 


" " 


5 


" 


.... 2i< 


'« 


«' 


6 " .... 


3 


t. 11 


6 


" 


3 


»« 


14 


7 " .... 


.... 3)^ 


.1 11 


7 


" 


.... 3»^ 


" 


•' 


8 " .... 


4 


11 It 


8 


<« 


.... 4 


>( 


« 


1 bell .... 


.... 4>^ 


ii 11 


I 


'' 


.... 4j^ 


•' 


<« 


2 bells .... 


.... 5 


11 11 


C) 


" 


5 


'• 


<( 


3 " .... 


5>a 


11 11 


3 


" 


.... 5M 


'» 


<l 


4 " 


.... 6 


11 11 


4 


'< 


.... C 


<« 


'« 


5 " .... 


.... 6>^ 


11 11 


1* 


bell .... 


.... &H 


<( 


«' 


6 " .... 


.... 7 


11 u 


2 bells .... 


.... 7 


'« 


t( 


7 " .... 


.... 7>^ 


" " 


3 


" 


.... 7X 


«' 


( 


8 " .... 


.... 8 


11 i< 


4 


" 


.... 8 


" 


» 


1 bell .... 


.... 8>^ 


U 11 


1 


bell .... 


.... 8>^ 


'« 


* 


2 bells .... 


.... 9 


11 11 


2 


bells .... 


.... 9 


'« 


" 


3 " .... 


.... 9>^ 


11 11 


3 


" 


.... 9)^ 


• < 


11 


4 « .... 


10 


11 11 


4 


" .... 


... 10 




" 


5 " .... 


.... 103^ 


" " 


.'S 


" 


.... lOK 


" 


•* 


6 " .... 


11 


" " 


« 




.... 11 


•' 




7 '* .... 


.... 113^ 


11 11 


7 


" 


.... iiM 


«« 


« 


8 " .... 


.... 12 


noon. 


8 


" 


.... 12 midnisht 





■^ From 4 p. M. to 8 P. M. instead of presenting an unbroken succes- 
sion of bells from 1 to 8, is divided into two "Dog Watche3".-4 to 6 
("first dog-watch") and 6 to 8 ("second dog-watch")— in order to pre- 
vent the larboard and starboard watches of sailors being on duty 
during the same hours, one day after another— as they would be if they 
•srere continually and only changed once every four hours. 



NEW YORK CITY, HARBOR AHID SUBURBS. 

APPKOACH AND HARBOR. 

Land is generally made, approaching the harbor 
of New York, from any vessel coming down the 
"Great Circle," at some point on the Long Island 
coast, at starboard or right of the ship ; and the 
time may be anywhere from four to ten hours (in 
clear weather) before ' crossing the bar at Sandy 
Hook, the entrance of the Lower Bay of New York. 
After first sighting, this land will keep in sight — 
low and uninteresting, the course of the vessel be- 
ing nearly parallel with the shore, and at a few 
miles distance. Pilots are taken on board from 
small schooners, at distances varying from a few 
miles from the coast to two or even three hundred — 
as disasters from want of pilotage off this port, 
many years ago, have induced much activity and 
competition, of late years. 

Two or three hours from Sandy Hook, for ships 
coming down the Long Island coast, and as a first 
sight for those crossing fropa the south, are made 
the Highlands of JVavesink, fine bold headlands ap- 
proaching the sea, and forming one point of the 
eastern coast of New Jersey. These hills show to 
excellent advantage on a nearer approach, and are 
very imposing when the Bar at Sandy Hook is be- 



NEW YORK CITY. 43 

ing crossed; two square-tower ligiit-boiises showing 
on the Highlands, behind the long, low point of 
wooded sand forming the Hook, on which are to be 
seen one light-house and two beacons, with a 
formidable line of government fortifications in pro- 
gress, near the outer or northern end, very near to 
which the ship necessarily passes the channel. 

Passing the Bar and running up the Lower Bay, 
the New Jersey Highlands continue ahead and to 
the left, sloping away toward Long Branch a few 
miles southward : on the right continues Long 
Island y /with, the still lower and sandier Coney In- 
land adjoining it in front ; still ahead and to the 
left rise the hills oi Sfaten Island, with an opening 
between it and Long Island marking the Narrows, 
through which entrance is made from the Lower or 
Karitan Bay into the Upper or Bay of New York 
proper. 

At the left, four or five miles below the Narrows, 
is passed (if there is no occasion to make its nearer 
acquaintance) the New York Quarantine — ranges 
of low buildings on two artificial islands built 
within the last few years on a shoal known as the 
West Bank of Romer. Passing the Narrows, the 
fine fortification to the right, on Long Island, is 
Fort Hamilton, with the rains of the once cele- 
brated Fort Lafayette standing in the water at 
some distance below it — while to the left rises 
the corresponding bluff of Staten Island, crowned 
with a light-house and fortifications, with a strong 



'A SHORT TIUP GUIDE. 

new structure, Fort Richmond, standing below at 
near the water's eclp^e. 

The view of New York Bay, after passing the Nar- 
rows, is considered one of the finest of its character 
in the world, and should never be lost by the trav- 
eler enjoyiog the opportunity for the first time. On 
the right, passing up, will be observed the Long 
Island shore, handsomely shaded, and dotted with 
the residences of well-to-do citizens or suburbans; 
and on the left Staten Island presents much higher 
ground, landings and thriving villages near the 
shore, and the sides of the hills in like manner 
well shaded and dotted with tasteful residences. 
Some six miles above the Narrows, at the immedi- 
ate right, the monuments of Greenwood Cemetery 
may be seen covering and crowning one of the 
Long Island hills near the shore; still to the right, 
but ahead, the City of Brooklyn shows its many 
spires and wilderness of buildings ; immediately 
ahead rises Governors Island, with its round fort. 
Castle, William, and its long ranges of barracks and 
office rs'-quarters ; and as GoYornor's Island is pass- 
ed, still directty ahead, the City of New York is 
seen, stretching right and left, from iti lowest point 
at the Battery, up the East and North rivers (Long 
Island Sound and the Hudson), each line show- 
ing a perfect forest of the masts of shipping, and the 
marked deficiency of commanding spires partially 
relieved by the nearness and grace of that of Trinity 



NEW YOUR CITY. 45 

Church and the height of several of the new build- 
ings now overtopping the city, especialij'- the 
Western Union Telegraph Building, New Post 
Of&ce, Tribune Office, Eveniiig Post Office, Equita- 
ble and Mutual Insurance Baildings, &c. 

From this point, which best reveals the splendor 
of New York Harbor, Brooklyn lies a little behind, 
at the right; Staten Island has fallen away to a 
much greater distance behind and at the left; the 
Hudson Eiver stretches northward, immediately 
ahead, Long Island Sound branching away eastward 
at an acute angle; the other two islands of the 
harbor, so far unnamed, Beclloe's and Ellis', lie at 
some distance to the left; and behind them, to the 
left and ahead, on the west or New Jersey side of 
the river, may be prominently seen the towns of 
Jersey City and ITohokim, continual high land? 
rising up-river from the latter, along the Hudson, 
towards Fort Lee and the Palisades. 

It is also at this point that the traveler visiting 
the New World for the first time from the Old, will 
find one of the most marked of sensations in observ- 
ing not only the immense variety of shipping and 
the flags of all nations at the wharves and in the 
stream, but the many particulars in which the 
American river and ferry craft differ from those of 
any other nation — the prevailing color being white, 
and both strength and grace often sacrificed to 
speed and temporary convenience. 



46 SHORT-TIIIP GUIDE. 

NEW YORK CITY AND BROOKLYN. 

xls will already have been observed, the City of 
New York lies at the junction of the North or Hud- 
son Kiver and Long Island Sound (familiarly called 
the East Eiver), having thus the best of opportuni- 
ties for cleanliness and health, which are by no 
means always embraced with due diligence and 
faithfulness — the city being always ineflfectually 
cleaned, in comparison with the cost to the people, 
and often disgracefully dirty. In effect, Brooklyn, 
immediately opposite on the southeast, and con- 
nected with it by half-a-dozen or more well-managed 
steam-ferries, is a part of the same city, though 
lying in another county, and bearing a different 
name; while nearly the same may be said of both 
Jersey City and Hoboken, on the New Jersey shore, 
and reached in the same manner by ferry. 

Before proceeding to explore the city or snburbs, 
it should be noted that carriage-service in New 
York is very high and very bad; cab-service better 
and improving, though by no means up to the 
European standard — so that the first should be 
almost entirely avoided, and the latter much oftener 
foregone in favor of the public conveyances than 
they would be in any city of the Old World. The 
ferries should be used freely, not only for necessary 
crossings, but as an additional means of studying 
the topography of the harbor, and the excellence of 
the system. For most directions the street horse- 



NEW YORK CIT7. 47 

cars [see directions for those cars, different lines, 
pp. 58 and 59, and following] run regularly and well, 
and are comfortable, except at morning and evening 
hours, bringing too great crowds; and the Elevated 
Railroad, from the Battery, and omnibuses from the 
Brooklyn Ferries, are available and respectable. 

Of the Streets, the best worth noting is Broadway, 
which should be driven, in open carriage if con- 
venient, from its commencement at the Battery 
(harbor side) to its virtual termination at Union 
Square, many of the best commercial buildings be- 
ing thus seen, and a succession of splendid business 
erections observed, not equalled, perhaps, in any 
other city of either continent. Thence Fifth avenue 
should be taken, to the Central Park, a view being 
thus caught of the finest fashionable street in 
America, and one of the handsomest in the world, 
though very irregular ill architecture. Much of the 
leading fashion of the city may be found gathered 
in the streets running out from Fifth avenue, from 
Fourteenth to Sixtieth street — notably on Tioenty- 
third, Thirty -fourth, Forty-second streets, &c. The 
Boivery may be noted as the people's or east-side 
Broadway. Greemvich street will be found filling a 
somewhat similar position on the west side; Third, 
Sixth and Eighth a'cenues may be taken as fair 
types of prosperous commonalty and bustle; West 
street (Hudson River side) will be found to supply 
a jam quite woithy of the Strand at its worst hours; 



48 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

and still further down town, Wall street, Broad and 
Neio streets command attention as the centres of the 
moneyed interest. In Brooklyn, the most notable 
streets are Montague and Clinton, for fashion; Ful- 
ton and Court streets, Atlantic and Myrtle avenues, 
&c., for business activity; Third sired, Union street. 
Fourth avenue, &c., as drives ; Clinton, Washing- 
ton, Bedford, Grand and other avenues, for sub- 
urban beauty. 

Of Wharves, New York has never had any de- 
serving the name, though a fine water front is now 
presented at the Battery, and arrangements are in 
progress to supply well-built docks along both rivers. 
Of Markets, the Washington, foot of Vesey street, 
Hudson Eiver side, and the Fulton, foot of Fulton 
street, East Biver side, will be found among the 
best supplied in the world, though the buildings 
are very old and badly kept. Newer and better 
erecjtions are the Metropolitan, foot of Thirty-fourth 
street. North Biver, and the Tompkins, Third ave- 
nue and Seventh street. Of Museums, the Metro- 
2wlitan Museum of Art, Fourteenth street, near 
Sixth avenue; one at Central Park; and a small 
but unique one (naval) at the Brooklyn Navy 
Yard. Of Libraries, the Astor, Lafayette Place; 
the Mercantile, (for merchants and clerks); the 
Society; and one or t'AO minor. Of Public Galle- 
ries, that of the Metrojyolitan Museum of Art (above 
named); the somewhat extensive ones of the pic- 
ture-dealers, Goupil {Knoedler, successor), Fifth 



NEW 70BK GIT7. 49 

aveDue, Schaus, Broadway, &c., with annual exhi- 
bitions of the Academy of Design (Twenty-third 
street and Fourth avenue); and the Private Galle- 
ries of some of the wealthy citizens and merchant- 
princes, of taste and liberality, are very credita- 
ble, and sometimes exhibited to the public. Lar^^e 
collections of national and celebrity portraits are to 
be seen in the great photograph galleries of Kurtz, 
Fredericks, Bockiuood, Bogardus, Sec, Broadway, and 
many minor houses. Of Hospitals, only the Belle- 
vue, at Twenty-sixth street and East River, since the 
demolition of the New York, Broadway and Duane 
street ; St. Luke's (a comparatively private benevo- 
lence); St. Vincent's; and the New New Yai^k, near 
Fifth avenue, between Fifteenth and Sixteenth 
streets. 

Of Educational Institutions and the structures 
connected, the following are most notable : Colum- 
bia College (an institution of moderate age but rep- 
utation and usefulness, and with Law and Mining 
Schools attached), East Forty-ninth street ; New 
York University (collegiate, but making no pre- 
tence to fill the European use of the word), Wash- 
ington Square ; New York College (formerly the 
New York Free Academy), Twenty-third street and 
Lexington avenue ; College of Physicians and Sur- 
geons, East Twenty-third street and Fourth ave- 
nue ; University Medical College, Worth street ; 
Bulgers B'emale College, Fifth avenue ; Union Theo- 
logical Seminary, University Place ; New York Law 



50 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Institute, Chambers street ; Prolestant Episcopal 
Theological Seminary ; new Normal College, &c., &c. 
In connection with educational faciUties it should 
be added, that the Common Schools of the City of 
New York are the best in the world, in handsome 
and commodious building: s, free to all, numerously 
attended, and worth observation by any visitor. 

Of Monuments, New York has as follows: In 
Central Park Sliakspeare (statue), Sir Walter Scott, 
Humboldt, Schiller, &c. In Union Square, eques- 
trian statue of Washington, by Browne, and statue 
of Lincoln. In Madison Square, monument obelisk 
to Gen. Worth. In Trinity Churchyard, Martyrs' 
Ilemorial (handsome Gothic structure in honor of 
revolutionary patriots who died on the prison- 
ships) ; monument to Captain Lawrence, who fell on 
the Chesapeake; the horizontal slab over the re- 
mains of the heroine of the romance of the same 
name, Charlotte Temple. In St. Paul's Churchyard, 
shaft to Kobert Emmett, the Irish patriot; monu- 
ment to Gen. Montgomery, one (back of church) to 
George Fi^ederick Cooke, the actor. In Printing 
House Square, bronze statue of Franklin, presented 
to the Printers of New York by Capt. Albert De 
Groot. 

Of antiquities, the city may be said to have lit- 
erally none, the hand of " improvement" having 
lately been very busy with the few remaining. The 
tv\^o most interesting old buildings existing, are the 
Old Walton House, Pearl Street, most fashionable 



WEW YORK CITY. 51 

residence of the past century, now decayed; and 
the Washinglvn Hotel, Broadway and Battery Place, 
once the residence of Gen. Washington, of Sir Guy 
Carleton, &c. 

Of Churches, few command any attention architec- 
turally, though there is no deficiency as to number. 
The two oldest were the North Dutch, Fulton and 
William streets, not long since demolished, and 
the 3Iiddle Dutch, used as a prison by the British 
during the War of the Eevolution, and late the City 
Post Office — ^Nassau, Liberty and Cedar streets. 
St. Paul's, Broadway (where the pew of General 
Washington, when President, still remains), and 
St. Johns, Varick street, best deserve present 
notice, from age and unpretending grace ; and 
Trinity, Broadway, as the most respectable finished 
Gothic erection on the Continent — though St. Pat- 
rick's Cathedral, Fifth avenue and Fiftieth street, 
will eventually dwarf it and all others. Those re- 
maining, best repaying visits of curiosity, are St, 
Georges, Rutherford Place; Grace Church, Broad- 
wayj St. Paul's and All Souls, Fourth avenue; 
St. Thomas', Fifth avenue; Holy Trinity, Madison 
avenue; St. Ilark's (old), Stuyvesant street; the 
Tabernacle, Sixth avenue; St. Stephen's, Twenty- 
eighth street ; Dr. Chapin's, Fifth avenue. In 
Brooklyn (named, from their numbers, the " City 
of Churches"), the most notable are the Holy Trinity 
and St. Anji's-on-the- Heights, both on Clinton 
street ; Dr. Eddy's, Pierrepont street; Church of 



52 SHORT TRIP GUIDE. 

the Pilgrims, Henry street; the Tabernacle, Sclier- 
merhorn street ; St. Charles Borromeo (Catholic), 
Sidney Place, 

Of Public Buildings, the most interesting, from 
one cause or another, will be found the City Hall, 
City Hall Park (with a collection of civic and heroic 
portraits of some interest, in the *' Governors 
Boom"); the New Court House (unfinished, but 
with many handsome rooms) same place ; the City 
Prison (" Tombs "), Centre street ; the Custom 
House and Sub- Treasury, Wall street ; the Cooper 
Institute, junction of Third and Fourth avenues ; 
the Bible House, opposite the preceding, above ; the 
Academy of Music, Fourteenth street ; the Academy 
of Design and Christian Association buildings, 
Fourth avenue and Twenty-third street ; Booth's 
Theatre, Twenty-third street ; the Grand Cpera 
House, Eighth avenue; Tammany Hall, Fourteenth 
street ; the Central Police Station, Mulberry street ; 
Hudson River Railroad Freight Depot, Hudson 
street (with colossal bronze of much oddity and a 
certain merit, on the principal front, in honor of 
Cornelius Vanderbilt) ; new Grand Central Depot, 
of the Harleiij, Hudson River and New Haven Rail- 
roads, Fourth avenue and Forty-second street; Post 
Office (new and magnificent). City Hall Park ; 
Methodist Book Concern, Broadway and Eleventh 
street ; Masonic Hall (just built). Twenty-third 
street and Sixth avenue ; Stock Exchange (new). 
Broad street ; Pwduce Exchange, Whitehall street, 



I^BW YORK CITY. 53 

In Brooklyn, the City Hall and County Court 
House, Court and Fulton streets ; Academy of 
Music, Montague street ; Ilercantile Library, and 
Art Association Building, same street ; Atheneum, 
Atlantic avenue, &c. 

New York has many Commercial Buildings of 
great cost and splendor — no other city in the world 
having more of what may be designated as " pal- 
aces," devoted to money or trade. The lead is taken 
among purely linancial buildings, by the Park 
Bank, Broadway. No less than three structures 
devoted to Life Assurance command much atten- 
tion — those of the Equitable Society, at Broadway 
and Cedar street; of the llutual Company, Broad- 
way and Liberty street; and of the iVew York Com- 
pany, Broadway and Leonard street ; while the 
Western Union Telegraph building, Broadway and 
Dey street, the Drexel Banking House, Wall and 
Broad streets, the Bennett Building, Nassau, Ful- 
ton and Ann streets, and others command attention. 
The most prominent among what are called the 
"business palaces," are those of A. T. Stewart & Co.y 
Broadway and Chambers street, and Broadway and 
Ninth street; of Lord & Taylor, Broadway and 
Twentieth street ; of Arnold & Constable, Broad- 
way and Nineteenth street ; of Tiffany, Union 
Square and Fifteenth street ; of Ball & Black, 
Broadway and Prince street ; of the Wheeler & 
Wilson Sewing Machine Company, Union Square; 
of the Wallham Watch Company, B^^nd street; of 



54 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Ap2)letons, Broadway; of Brooks Brothers, Broadway 
and Bond street, &c. 

There are many private dwellings of great cost, 
splendor, and varying architectural taste, on Fifth 
avenue and the more fashionable streets on Murray 
Hill; the first among them being the palace of the 
lately deceased A. T. Steiuart, at Fifth avenue and 
Thirty-fourth street, of which the details, with- 
out and within, are of the most lavish magnificence, 
while the picture collection is very rich and valuable. 
Those of Mr. George Opdyhe, Fifth avenue and Forty- 
seventh street; Jir. Wm. H. VanderUlt, Fifth avenue 
and Fortieth street; Messrs. Phelps, Dodge & Phelps, 
Madison avenue, Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh 
streets; 8ig. Barreda, Madison avenue and Twenty- 
fifth street, and others, deserve attention for costly 
elegance. Of Club Houses, the three most prominent 
are the Union, Fifth avenue ; the Union League, 
Madison avenue ; and the Manhattan, Fifth ave- 
nue. 

Of Hotel Buildings (also Hotels), New York has 
many of great size and fine architecture, prominent 
among them being the Windsor, Fifth avenue and 
Forty-seventh street ; Fifth Avenue, Fifth avenue, 
Broadway and Twenty-fourth street ; Rossmore, 
Broadway and Forty-second street ; Buckingham, 
Fifth avenue and Fiftieth street ; Grand Central, 
Broadway opposite Bond street; Brevoort, Fifth 
avenue near Washington Park ; Asfor House, 
Broadway and Barclay street ; St. Nicholas, Broad- 



NE\v TORE CITY. 55 

way and Spring street ; Metropolitan, Broadway 
and Prince street ; Westminster, Irving Place and 
Sixteenth street ; Grand Hotel, Broadway and 
Thirtieth street ; St. Cloud, Broadway and Forty- 
second street ; Gilsey, Broadway and Twenty-ninth 
street ; Sturtevant, Broadway and Twenty-eighth 
street ; St. James, Broadway and Twenty-sixth 
street ; Hoffman, Broadway and Twentj^-fourth 
street ; Coleman, Broadv/ay and Twenty-seventh 
street ; Everett, Union Square ; Clarendon, Fourth 
avenue; Westmoreland, Union Square; New York, 
Broadway and Fourth street ; Earhii', Canal street ; 
Merchanis' (mercantile), Corfclandt street, &c. In 
Brooklyn, the Pierrepont House, Montague street, 
and the Mansion House, Hicks street. Several 
Newspaper Offices of mark are to be noticed in 
New York, those of the Evening Post, Broadway 
and Fulton street; the Tribune, Printing House 
Square; the Herald, Broadway and Ann street; 
the Timts, and the Staats Zeitung, Printing House 
Square. 

The principal Theatres of New York City proper 
are Wallach's, Broadway and Thirteenth street ; the 
Olympic, Broadway near Bleecker street; Niblo's, 
Broadway near Prince street ; Booth's, Twenty- 
third street and Sixth avenue ; the Grand Opera 
House, Eighth avenue and Twenty-third street ; 
Daly's New Fifth Avenue, Twenty-eighth street, 
near Broadway; the Lyceum, Fourteenth street; 
Park, Broadway and Twenty-second street; Wood's 



56 8H0R1-TRIP GUIDE. 

Museum, Broadway and Thirtieth street; Union 
Square Theatre, Union Square; Twenty-third Street, 
street of that name; Eagle, Broadway and Thirty- 
third street, and the Bowery, street of that name. 
Opera Houses, the Academy of Music, Fourteenth 
street, and occasionally the Grand Opera Ho am. 
Ethiopian Minstrel Houses and Varieties, Tony Pas- 
tor s, the San Francisco Minstrels, &c. Brooklyn has 
several excellent places of amusement, in the Acad- 
emy of Music, Montague street; Brooklyn Theatre, 
Washington street; Park Theatre, Fulton street; 
Ilooleys Ojjera House, Court street; the Alheneum, 
Atlantic avenue, &c. 

Most popular Churches (for service), Trinity, 
Broad\vay (Episcopalian); Grace, Broadway and 
Tenth street (Epis.); the Tabernacle, Sixth avenue 
and Thirty-fourth street (Cong.) ; Dr. Chapin's, Fifth 
avenue and Forty-fifth street (Univ.) ; St. Thomas', 
Fifth avenue (Epis.) ; Dr. Tyng's, Eutherford Place 
(Epis.) ; Fifth Avenue, Fifth avenue and Nineteenth 
street (Pres.) ; St. Paul's, Fourth avenue and 
Twenty-second street (Methodist Episcopal) ; and 
in Brooklyn, Plyinouth (Rev. Henry Ward Beech- 
er's), Orauge street (Cong.) : St. Anns-on-the-PIeights 
and the Holy Trinity (Epis.), both on Clinton 
street ; First Baptist, Nassau street ; Dr. Tahnaye's 
Tabernacle, Schermerhorn street. Present Cath- 
olic Cathedral, in New York, St. Patrick's, Mul- 
beiTy and Houston streets ; with other leading 
Catholic Churches — St. Stephen's, Twenty-eighth 
street, near Third avenue (noted for fine music), 



NEW YORK CITY. 57 

and St. Francis Xavier's, Sixteentli street, near 
Fifth avenue. 

Public GTOiinds— Central Park, (see "Excur- 
sions," following); Washington, Madison and Union 
Squares, and Battery and Citij Hall Parks, most of 
limited dimensions, but all assuming attractive 
shapes^ and most of them being provided with 
music on certain evenings of the week, during the 
warm season; and Jones Wood, lying on the east- 
ern side of the Island, on the river, opposite the 
lower end of the Central Park, not many years ago 
frequented and famous as a place for great out- 
door gatherings, including the German and Irish 
festivals and the Scottish annual games ; Jerome 
Park, Westchester (also see "Excursions"); and 
in Brooklyn, Prospect Park (also see "Excur- 
sions"), Prospect Park Fair Grounds, Lefferts 
Park, &c. 

Principal Ferries : To Brooklyn, from foot Ful- 
ton street, foot Wall street, foot Cathariae street, 
Peck Slip, foot Whitehall street; to Jersey City 
(and Cunard Docks, and Pennsylvania Kailroad), 
foot Cortlandt street, and foot Desbrosses street; to 
Commzim'paw (and New Jersey Central Eailroad), 
foot Liberty street; to Iloboken (and Bremen and 
Hambarg steamers, and Morris and Essex Rail- 
road), foot Barclay street and foot Christopher 
street; to Pavonia (and passenger-depot of the 
Erie Eailway), foot Chambers street and foot 
Twenty-third street; to Staten Island, foot White- 



58 SHORTTRIP GUIDE, 

hall street and foot Dey street; to Hunter's Point 
(and Long Island Hailroad), James Slip and foot 
Tiiirty-fourtli street, 

PRINCIPAL STREET (HORSE) RAILROADS. 

Second Avenue Line. — Cars leave Peck Slip (East Elver, 
rear Fulton Ferry), run throupfli South, Oliver, Bowery, 
Grand and Christie streets, and Second avenue to One 
Hundred and Twenty-eij]fhth street, Harlem. Branch from 
Broadway at Worth street to Bowery, and thence same 
route. Third Avenue Line. — Cars leave Broadway, opposite 
Astor House, run through Park Row, Chatham street, Bow- 
ery, Third avenue to One Hundred and Thirtieth street, 
Harlem. Fourth Avenue Line, — Cars leave Broadway, oppo- 
site Astor House, run through Park Row, Centre and 
Grand streets. Bowery and Fourth avenue to Forty-eecond 
street, (Grand Central Depot.) Broadioay Line. — Cars leave 
Broadway corner Barclay street, run through Barclay, 
Church and Greene streets, Clinton and University Places, 
Broadway and Seventh avenue to Fifty-ninth street (Central 
Park). iBranch of this road, from Broadway at Broome 
street, through Broome street to Greene street, and as above. 
Sixth Avenue Line, — Cars leave Broadway, corner V^esey 
street, run through Vesey, Church and Chambers streets. 
West Broadway, Canal, Varick and Carmine streets, and 
Sixth avenue to Fifty-ninth street (Central Park). Seventh 
Avenue Line. — Cars leave Broadway, corner Park Place, 
run through Park Place, Church, Canal, Sullivan and Mac- 
dougal streets, Clinton place, Greenwich and Seventh ave- 
nues to Fifty-ninth street (Central Park). Eighth Ave7iue 
Line. — Cars leave Broadway, corner Vesey street, run 
through Vesey, Church and (/hambers streets. West Broad- 
way, Canal and Hudson streets, and Eighth avenue to 
Fitty-ninth street (Central Park). Branch of this road, from 
Broadway at Canal street, through Canal to Hudson street, 
and as above, with continuation to Manhattanville. Ninth 
Avenue Line. — Cars leave Broadway, corner Fulton street, 
run through Fulton and Greenwich streets and Ninth ave- 
nue to Fifty-fourth street. Lexington Avenue Line. — Cars 
leave Broadway opposite Astor House, run through Park 
Row, Chatham street, Bowery, Third Avenue, Thirty-fifth 



J!fEW TORE CITY. 59 

street, Lexlnnrton avenue to Forty-second street and Fonrtli 
avenue (Grand <'entral Depot). Bieerker Street Line. — Cars 
leave Fulton ferry (East liivt- r), run tlirouofH Fulton, ^^ illiani 
and Ann streets. Park Row, Centre, Leonard, El ii, Howard, 
Crosby, Bleecker, Macdoucjal, West Fourth, West Thir- 
teenth, Hudson, West Fourteenth streets and Tenth ave- 
nue to Twenty-third street. Belt Line, — (Eastern division) : 
Cars leave South ferry (Battery), run through Front street, 
Old Slip, South, Montgomery, South, Corlaers, Grand, 
Goerck and East Houston streets. Avenue D, East PV)ur- 
teentli street. Avenue A, East Twenty-third street. First 
avenue and East Fifty ninth street to Fifth avenue at Cen- 
tral Park, (Western division): Cars leave South ferry 
(Battery), run through Whitehall street and Battery Place, 
West street. Tenth avenue and West Fifty-ninth street to 
Filth avenue at Central Park — the two forming perfect con- 
nection round the city. Dry Doch Lint. — Cars leave Broad- 
way, opposite Astor House, run through Park Row, Chat- 
ham street, East Broadway, Grand and Columbia streets. 
Avenue D, East Eleventh street and Avenue B, to foot East 
Fourteenth street. East Broadway Line. — Cars leave Broad- 
way, corner Ann street, run through Park Rov,% Chatham 
street. East Broadway, Clinton street. Avenue B, East 
Fourteenth street, Avenue A, East Twenty-third street. First 
avenue to Twenty-third street lerry. Grand and Cortlandt 
Line. — Cars leave Jersey City ferry, foot Cortlandt street, run 
through Cortlandt, Greenwich. Beach, Lispenard and Canal 
streets. East Broadway and Grand street to Grand street 
ferry (East River), Cross-Toicn Line. — Cars leave We«t 
Fony-second street at Tenth avenue, run through Tenth 
avenue. Thirty-fourth street, Broadway, Twenty-third street. 
Fourth avenue. Fourteenth street, and east side minor 
streets to foot of Grand street. East River. Church Street 
Line, — Cars leave Astor House (Vesey street), run through 
New Church street. Battery Place and Whitehall street to 
South ferry. Ele^oated Hallway, — (Steam) — Cars leave station 
at the Bowling Green (extreme lower end of Broadway) 
every few minutes, through or rather o-cer Greenwich 
street and Ninth avenue, to Central Park, with stopping- 
places at very short intervals, and many extensions projected. 
There are several other and minor roads, cross-town lines, 
&c., besides those here given; but all the more injportant 
liAve been enumerated, and the least instructed visitor 



60 SEORT-TEIP GVIDE. 

■will have little difficulty, with the foren-oiug directions, in 
making: full use of these great conveniences. It will be 
noted that, with a single exception, the up routes of all 
these lines have been ^iven, as most intelliofible ; some of 
tliem make slip^ht variations in return or down-romes, but 
when so, only to a small distance. Omnibuses, up Broadway 
TO various points, leave South, Wall street and Fulton fer- 
ries, conspicuously lettered as to destinations. 

Other objects of interest to those making longer so- 
journ; the East Biver Bridge, now building between 
New York and Brooklyn, and promising to be one 
of the master-works of its class in the world; the 
Pneumatic Tunnel, commencement of subterranean 
travel in the city, to be seen at Broadway and Warren 
street; Governors Island, head-quarters of the mili- 
tary department (reached by boat from South ferry) ; 
the Navy Yard, Brooklyn (cars from Fulton Ferry); 
the Penal and Charitable Institutions on BlackwelVs, 
RandalVs and Ward's Islands (under control of 
Commissioners of Charities and Correction — build- 
ing. Third avenue and Eleventh street); and a 
variety of Asylums for orphans and the afflicted. 

SUBUKBS, DRIVES AND EXCURSION'S. 
.Of Drives and Short Excursions (by carriage), 
the first favorite is that to the 

Centeal Park, a largo and admirable public 
ground, occupying: nearly the centre of the Island, 
extending in width from Fifth to Eighth avenue, 
and in length from Fifty-ninth to One-Hundred and 
Tenth street, handsomely laid out, shaded and orna- 
mented, with fine roads and costly bridges, and 



NEW YORK CITT. 61 

lacking only age to be equal to any public ground 
in Europe. It has a Lake, with boats (service) ; a 
Museum, with Zoological collection and many other 
curiosities; a Casino, on the European plan; Public 
Carriages, making the round of the Park at short 
intervals, for trifling fare: Statues of Shakspeare, 
Humboldt, Schiller, Professor Morse, Sir Walter 
Scott, &c. ; statuary groups of the " Hunter and his 
Dog," "Auld Lang Syne ;" and presents the feature 
of Music by a fine band every Saturday afternoon 
during the warm season, attracting immense con- 
courses of people. In connection are also to be seen 
the Croton Beceiving Eeservoirs, alleged to be of 
size enough, and to contain water enougli, to float 
the navies of the world. [Central Parh may also be 
reached by horse-cars from the City Hall, or from 
most of the ferries (Belt road along either river), by 
the Elevated Eailroad, &c.] Beyond, the drive by 
carriage is often and profitably extended to the Har^ 
lem and Blooming dale Roads, or to High Bridge, an 
aqueduct Bridge over the Harlem River, of great 
height and sohdity; or to Jerome Park,, new and 
handsome trotting and racing ground of the Amer- 
ican Jockey Club, beyond the Harlem Eiver, in West- 
chester. Another scarcely less fashionable drive is to 
Prospect Park, the new but very handsome 
public ground of Brooklyn, which bids fair to rival 
if not to excel the Central, has a Lake, a Dairy Cot- 
tage and Barn, a fine stretch of natural forest, an 
elevated diive with commanding view, statue of 



eta HEORT-TBIP GUIDE, 

President Lincoln (at entrance), busts of "Washington 
Irving, John Howard Payne, &c. Music by a fine 
band, Saturday afternoons, [May also be reached 
from New York by Fulton ferry and by horse-cars 
of Flatbush avenue line.] Near Prospect Park is to 
be visited 

Greenwood Cemetery, one of the largest and hand- 
somest Cities of the Dead on the globe, with lakes, 
rising grounds, fine shades, costly monuments, and 
all the other melancholy attractions possible to be 
fiung around places of burial. Among the leading 
features are the handsome sculptured Entrance Way; 
the Firemen's, Pilots', Old Sea Captain's, Cauda, 
Scribner, J. G. Bennett and McDonald Clarke monu- 
ments; the tombs of William H Burton, the comed- 
ian, Lola Montez (with inscription, " Eliza Gilbert"), 
Crawfoid LiviuL^ston, &c. ; the vaults of Stephen 
Wiiitney, AVilliam Niblo, &c. Most beautiful point 
that at and around "Sylvan Water;" finest views, 
those from " Ocean Hill" and "Battle Hill." [May 
also be reached from New York by Fulton Ferry and 
horse-cars of thj Greenwood or Fifth avenue lines.] 
Service-carriages for going through the cemetery, 
may always be found at the entrance. Beyond Green- 
wood and Prospect Park, the same drive may be 
prohtably extended to Frosjject Park Race Course^ 
and by grand new Ocean Parkway, to 

Coney Island, fine sea-beach, Avith excellent bath- 
ing and somewhat miscellaneous attendance, and 
not too eclectic in its general character. [May also 



I^BW TOBK CITY. 61& 

be reached from New York by Fulton ferry, and 
by Smith and Jay street horse-cars; or by either of 
the horse-cai Hnes to Greenwood, thence by steam 
to the beach; or by steamer from New York, several 
times daily during season.] 

Other Short Excursions will be those to the Brook- 
lyn Navy Yard, with extensive Dry Dock, Museum 
of Marine Curiosities, and much of general interest 
[horse-cars from Fulton ferry, "Navy Yard"]; to 
Fort Hamilion, at the Narrows, junction of the 
Upper and Lower bays, with fortifications and very 
fine sea-view [drive, or may be reached by Fulton or 
Hamilton ferry, and horse-cars] ; to Evergreen Ceme- 
tery, East New York [drive, or Fulton ferry and 
Fulton avenue horse-cars]; to Rockaway Beach 
and Far Rockaway, picturesque line of coast on the 
South side of Long Island, celebrated for sailing, 
fishing, and as a resort always cool even in the 
hottest weather, owing to the breezes caused by 
peninsular position, and once made famous by the 
song commencing: 

** On old Long Island's sea girt shore. 
Many an hour I've whiled away. 
Listening to the breakers' roar, 

That washed the beach oi Rockaway." 

[Ferry from James Slip or Thirty-fourth street to 
Hunter's Point for Long Island Eailroad; or ferry 
from foot of Grand street, East Kiver, for South- 
Side Railroad; or horse-cars to East New York from 



ale SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

Fulton or South ferries, steam-cars to Canarsie and 
boat to beach ; or, daily excursion boat from Kew 
York].; to Hohoken, great base-ball and cricket 
grounds, and favorite German resort, across the Hud- 
son, in New Jersey [ferry from Barclay street or 
Christopher street] ; to Bergen Point, [drive or 
horse-car from Jersey City, or train on New Jersey 
Central Eailroad, from foot Liberty street] ; to Pat- 
erson and Passaic Falls [train on Erie Railway, foot 
Chambers or Twenty-third street : see route North 
by Erie Railway]; to NeiuarJc, largest and most 
thriving city in Ne^ Jersey [train on New Jersey 
Railroad, foot of Cortlandt street ; see route New 
York to Philadelphia ; or Newark and New York 
Railroad, foot Liberty street] ; to Elizaheth, New 
Jersey [train on New Jersey Railroad, foot Cort- 
landt street, or New Jersey Central, foot Liberty 
street;] to 8taten Island, [New Brighton, Sailors' 
Snug Harbor, Port Richmond, Ehn Park, &c., by 
the North Shore boats, from the Battery every 
hour; and Vanderbilt's, Quarantine, Tompkins- 
ville, Clifton, &c., by the East Shore boats, same 
place, every hour.] 

Longer excursions of interest, conveniently made 
from New York, those to (1) 

LoKG BRAiq'CH, great sea-shore resort on the 
New Jersey coast, with several miles of fine bluff, 
bold surf -bathing, admired sea-view, splendid drives 
and excursions, and an immense number of stam- 
mer hotels, capable of accommodating fiftee* ^o 



NEW YOBK CITY. Old 

twenty tlionsand visitors (among the principal the 
Ocean Hotel, West End, Mansion House, United 
States, 3Ietropolitan, Howland, Pavilion, &c.), and 
a present popularity making it the most generally 
sought and notable place on the American sea- 
coast. It supplies the summer residence of Presi- 
dent Grant, and has many cottages of the wealthy. 
Near it are Eatontown (with Monmouth Park Race 
Ground in the immediate neighborhood), Bed Bank, 
Deal, and other villages of New Jersey. [Reached 
by boats of the New Jersey Southern Railroad, to 
Sandy Hook (with government fortifications and en- 
trance to the Lower Bay) ; thence rail, by the High- 
lands of Navesink (fine elevation, with splendid sea- 
air and view, and summer-boarding place of merit 
and popularity — hotels, Thompson's, Schenck's), Sea- 
bright, &c., [the whole distance within sigSt of the 
sea.] Or, by the new All-Rail Route from New 
York, from foot of Liberty st., by Central Railroad 
of New Jersey (Communipaw ferry), and Rahway, 
to Perth Amboy, Keyport, Middletown, Red Bank, 
&c., to Long Branch. [From Long Branch rail- 
way connection to Freehold, and thence to Trenton 
and other cities of West New Jersey ; or train may 
be taken for 3Ianchester, Tom's Biver, and towns of 
New Jersey further southward; to Atlantic City or 
Philadelphia.] To (2) 

Lake Mahopac, pleasant and very popular minor 
•watering-place, with handsome quiet wooded 
scenery, islands, fine boating, sailing, fishing and 



61^ SHORl-TRIP GUIDE. 

other attractions. Eeaclied by Harlem Eailroad, in 
a few hours, through the very fine scenery of that 
line, at the lower edge of the Hudson Highlands. 
Hotels, the Gregory House, Baldwin House, 8lq* 
To (3) 

Schoolet's Mountain {Heath House), mineral 
springs and popular summer resort, with tine air 
and charming scenery, in the minor mountains of 
New Jersey; reached by the Morris and Essex Rail- 
road, from foot of Barclay street, by Morristoiun, 
one of the handsomest towns and most popular res- 
idences in the State, to Hackettstoion, whence short 
ride by stage-coach. Also, Budd's Lake, within a 
few miles of the preceding, and reached by same 
conveyances — with many attractions of boating, 
fishing, &c. Also, Lake Hopatcong, with similar 
attractions to the place last named, reached by the 
same railroad to Stanhope or Dover, thence carriage 
or boat to destination. To (4) 

Delaware Water Gap {Kittatinny House), 
lying, as the name indicates, at one of the finest 
passes of the Upper Delaware, through and among 
the mountains dividing Pennsylvania and New 
Jersey, and with superb mountain and river scenery, 
pure and healthful air, and much popularity as a 
place of summer resort. Has many features of es- 
pecial woodland beauty, in Rebecca's Well, Venus' 
Bath and Eureka Falls, views from Prospect Rock, 
Fox Hill, &c. [Fiom the Water Gap, continuing 
by rail, may be reached Stroudsburg and the Lack- 



NEW TORE CITY. g^ 

awaniia Coal Regions of Pennsylvania; or, south- 
■\var-d, Easto7i, Philadelphia, &c.] To (5) 

Greenport and Orie^it, minor watering-places at 
the east end of Long Island ; and to Jamaica and 
other places nearer. [Reached by Long Island 
Railroad.] Also, to Glen Cove, and other near 
places on that Island, by boat. To (6) 

West Poikt, by evening or morning boat or Hud- 
son River railroad. [See route to West Point, Cats- 
kills, Albany, &c.. Route No. 1.] To (7) 

New HAYEi^, Conn. [See Route No. 4, p. 104. 
By rail on that route, or daily boat On the Sound, 
leaving Peck Slip every afternoon for that place 
direct.] To (8) 

Bridgeport, NorwaXk, and other towns of Con- 
necticut. [Rail as in Route No. 4.] To (9) 

Hartford, capital of Conn. [Rail as in Route 
No. 4, or by daily boat direct.] 



ROUTE No. 1 -NORTHERN. 

NEW YORK TO NIAGARA FALLS AND CANADA, BY 

HUDSON RIVER, NEW YORK CENTRAL 

RAILWAY AND CONNECTIONS. 

Division A. 

NEW YORK TO AND AT WEST POINT AND HUDSON 
HIGHLANDS. 

The transit from New York to West Point and the 
Highlands may be made in from two to four hours, 
by (1) Hudson Eiver Eailroad to Grarrison's, thence 
ferry to West Point; or by (2) morning boat on the 
river, to West Point direct; or (3) evening boat on 
the river, also direct. Either of the latter is prefer- 
able to the former, for reasons hereafter to be given. 

By Bail. 
Leaving New York by rail, on Hudson River 
Railroad, the first object of special interest, except 
the high lands at and about Fort Washington, stud- 
ded with fine residences, — is the crossing from 
New York island to the main land of Westchester, at 
Kingsbridge or Spuytenduyvel; and on the oppo- 
site or western side of the river, commence, at about 
the same point, 



ROUTE NO. l.—KOnTEEIiN. 6S 

The Pa.lisades, immense almost perpendicular 
masses of rock, riSing sheer from the river on that 
side, in shape suggesting the name, and continuing 
at various heights of hundreds of feet, for some ten 
miles, where they break away into rugged hills. 
. Beyond Spuytenduyvel, the first place of impor- 
tance passed throuc>h is the handsome small town of 
, Yonker$; then Dohbs Ferrij, with the long wharf of 
the Erie Railway opposite, at Piermont, and a ferry 
between; then Tarrytown (where the laying over of 
a train may be well compensated in visitino^ " Sunny- 
side," the late residence of Washington Irving, the 
Major Andre Monument, &c., in the immediate 
neighborhood); then Sing-Sing, with its strong 
State-prison buildings, and on the opposite bank of 
the river a view of the gorge running back to the 
celebrated liockland Lake, from which so much of 
the best ice is derived. After leaving Sing-Sing, 
very soon is crossed the Croton Eiver, from works 
on which and the lake of the same name, the New 
York supply of water is derived. Shortly after 
crossing the Croton, a mass of rocks, rising conically 
and crowned with a ligiit-house, on the other or 
west side of the river, marks Stony Point, cele- 
brated for the reckless courage displayed in its 
capture by Gen. Wayne, during the Revolutionary 
War. The next stopping-place of importance is 
PeeksPdU, on leaving which the 

Highlands of the Hudson are entered, pre- 
senting their heavy and picturesque masses on both 



64 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

sides of the river, and enchanting the eye with the 
continual changes, appearances and disappearances 
made inevitable by the course of the railway through 
them. The disembarkation from the railway is made 
at Garrison's Landing, whence ferry-boat and omni- 
bus to the Military Academy or one of the hotels at 
West Point. 

Bij Steamboat 

Precisely the same features as those indicated by 
rail, will be enjoyed by boat, with the advantage of 
both sides of the river being seen in lieu of one, and 
the additional escaping of the noise inevitable in 
riding by rail along rocky passes. When entering 
the Highlands, however, the advantage of the boat 
is even more manifest, as there is scarcely a river or 
lake approach in the world, so magnificent as that 
through the Highlands proper, from Peekskill to 
West Point — fine as any one point of the Khine, 
and forcibly reminding the tourist of the middle 
and upper portions of Loch Lomond, approaching 
and above Inversnaid. It is from boat on the river, 
especially, that the alternating wild beauty and rug- 
ged grandeur of the giants of the range, their feet at 
the very water's edge, can best be appreciated. 

Morning boats, making this voyage, and then 
going on up the Hudson to Albany, leave New York 
every morning, at an early hour; and evening boats, 
passing through the Highlands before nightfall, leave 
every afternoon. 

Disembarkation, from either, is made at Cozzens' 



ROUTE NO. 1.— NORTHERN. 65 

or the Military Academy docks, at West Point ; 
thence to the hotels by omnibus. 

At and near West Point. 

One of the principal attractions at "West Point, 
consists in the admirable views which can be enjoyed 
either from Cozzens', the fashionable hotel and sum- 
mer resort, on the high cliffs below the Military 
Academy, the Parry House, in the same vicinity, or 
the West Point, above it, making quiet lounging a 
continued luxury. This is not true of one direction 
alone, but of all, the elevation being high and the 
reaches of the river, above and below, singularly 
beautiful. Of excursions, the most notable is to 

Old Fort Putnam, ruins, with some portions of 
solid wall remaining, lying on a hill westward from 
the Academy. This fort must always retain its 
interest, as the "Key of the Highlands*' during 
the Revolutionary War, and the scene of Arnold's 
intended treason. The views from it, in all direc- 
tions, too, are the very finest to be enjoyed in any 
portion of the Highlands. An early visit will, of 
course, be paid to the 

United States Military Academy, which gives the 
place its peculiar importance, and which ranks 
amon<T;- the first of military institutions, with some 
features of severity attracting peculiar attention. 
[Information as to modes and forms of visiting 
can always be obtained at the leading hotels.] In 
connection with the Academy comes the interesting 
siDCctacle, 



66 SHORT-TRIP OVIDK 

Parade of the Cadets (morning and evening) — 
which should not be missed — the evening especially, 
by any who desire to see the perpendicular in car- 
riage, the angular in motion, and the sharp in disci- 
pline. 

Pleasant excursions may also be made to Butter- 
milk Fails, in the neighborhood ; and across the 
.river to Cold S^jring, and to the Robinson Housej 
standing four or five miles south from it, where 
Arnold resided at the time of his treason. Near 
Cold Spring may also be seen Underclijff; residence 
of the late Gen. Geo. P. Morris, the poet. 

Division . B. 

WEST POINT TO AND AT THE CATSKILL MOUNTAINS. 

Northward from West Point, by steamboat on the 
way towards Albany, from the wharf ; or rail from 
Garrison's Station, opposite. Assuming that the 
boat will be taken, and remembering that if pro- 
ceeding by rail the variation of scene will be very 
slight — the following will be the most important 
features, beyond West Point. Emerging from the 
Highlands proper, and passing "Cro'nest" and 
"Storm King," the largest hills of the range, 
and also Cornwall Landing on the left, with much 
beauty and picturesque scenery in the neighborhood 
(among other attractions, Idleirild, residence of the 
late N. P. Willis), and Fislikill Landing on the 
right, is shortly reached, on the left, 



ROUTE NO. 1,— NORTHERN. 67 

!Newburgh, very slopingly situated on the high 
bank, with large river-trade, an important railway 
connection westward to the Erie road, and one 
feature of great importance on the bluif below: 
Washington's Head- Quarters, a revolutionary relic 
of prominence, with inany reminders of the struggle. 
Chief Hotel, the United States. Above Newburgh, 
though the river is line, there is no feature of 
marked interest, until, at the right, is reached 

PouGHKEEPSiE, a large town with some pictur- 
esqueness of location, and a triple distinction com- 
pounded of its heavy river-trade in agricultural 
products, the manufacture of ale, and the proximity 
of the noted Vassar Female College. 

Within a few miles after leaving Poughkeepsie^ 
the rough scenery is supplemented and completed 
by the breaking into view, far ahead and to the left^ 
of the 

Catshill Mou7itain Range, which thenceforth 
scarcely leaves the eye of the tourist until arrival 
— so graceful is the outline, and so beautifully blue 
the general aspect. Minor landings of Hyde Parh, 
etc., are passed, to 

Rliiiielechy on the right, where landing is made for 
Rondout and Kingston, on the o]3posite side (con- 
nection by ferry), and for 

The Overlook Mountain (House burned, but very 
soon to be re-erected) at great height on tlie 
sout'iern portion of Jthe Catskills, and commanding 
a most magnificont view, esiDccially eastward and 



68 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

southward. Also with many attractive features in 
the neighborhood, in the DeviVs Kitchen, Cleft in tht 
Hocks, Pulpit Bock, Overlook Cliff, &c. Also, at a lit- 
tle distance, Shoe Lake, a beautiful and attractive 
sheet of water. [Reached from Rhinebeck by ferry 
to Rondout, thence by rail to West Hurley; thence 
by stage-coach, by the Sawkill Creek and Woodstock, 
to destination. May also be reached by evening 
boat, direct from New York to Rondout, thence as 
before.] 

Beyond Rhinebeck are passed Barrytoiun and 
other landings on the right, Maiden and others on 
the left, to 

Catskill Landing, point of disembarkation for the 
Mountains, and of crossing from Oak Hill Station, 
for those who have come up by the rail. Also, 
popular summer resort, at the Prospect Park House, 
immediately above, with fine grounds and admirable 
view; at the Powell House (posting-house for the 
mountains, on the wharf) &c. [Catskill Landing 
may also be reached by evening boat from New York 
direct, and direct connection made for the moun- 
tains.] 

From Catskill Landing by stage-coach, always in 
waiting for boats and trains, by Catskill Village, the 
Half' Way House, and at one-third distance of the 
ascent of the Mountains proper, the Rip^ Van-Winkle 
House, with a broad flat rock beside it, on which 
tradition alleges the sleep of Irving's hero to have 
taken place. Views over the Hudson Valley are very 
fine, before reaching the 



ROUTE NO. 1. -northern: 69 

CatsMll Ifountain House, among the highest of 
dll American places of eastern sojourn, and in many 
regards the superior of all others on tlie continent, as 
to situation. The yiew from the house, over the 
Hudson river and valley, is wonderfully extensive 
and beautiful ; and Sunrise, as seen from the piazza, 
is scarcely second to the same spectacle from the 
famous Swiss Ehigi. Of excursions, there are many 
and most pleasing. The most interesting (longer 
ones by carriage, always in readiness) follow. To 

Kautershill Falls, wild and romantic basin, with 
two cascaxles, of 180 and 80 feet, and picturesque in 
every aspect, above and below, besides being sur- 
rounded by wild and grand mountain and ravine 
scenery, and views of High Peak and Round Top, 
the two giants of the range, obtainable from different 
points. (The Laurel House, a popular place of so- 
journ," standing at near the verge of the falls, affords 
residence to the many who wish to study the splen- 
did scenery in this immediate neighborhood). To 
the Lakes, small sheets of water, lying in primeval 
wildness ; short walk from the Mountain House, oi 
on the way to the Falls. Through the Clove, one ot 
the most remarkable mountain clefts in the world, 
from Palensville towards Hunter, with views of the 
beautiful Faiun's Leap Fall. To PlauterJcill and 
Stony Cloves. To Parker s Ledge, overlooking the 
Clove. To Moses' and Sunset Rocks. To the tops 
of the South Mountain, North 3Ioimtain, etc. To 
the top of High Peak, laborious ascent, but with 
magnificent view, etc. 



70 8E0BT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Division C. 

CATSKILL MOUNTAINS TO AND AT ALBANY AND 
TEOY. 

Leave Catskill by rail from Oak Ilill Station ; or 
by boat from New York from Catskill LandiDg ; 
making landing at 

Hudson, on the east side of the river, a large 
and thriving town, with considerable manufactures. 
[Point of departure for Lebanon Springs and the 
Shaker Village connected with them; as also for 
Cohcmhia 8j)Tings ; both minor watering-places of 
salubrious situation and increasing popularity. 
Also, railway connection east for Boston.] From 
Hudsou, through scenery much tamer than along 
the Lower Hudson — past Athens (whence there is a 
railway to Albany), Coxsachie, New Baltimore, etc., 
on the left; and Stityvesant^ Kinderliooh (residence 
of the late President Martin Van Buren), Castleton, 
etc., on the right — to 

Albany, Capital of the State of New York, some- 
what picturesquely situated on rising ground, on the 
west bank of the Hudson, with Greenbusli opposite; 
the river spanned by a railway-bridge of recent 
erection and a certain celebrity on account of the 
opposition made to it by the residents of Troy, 
higher up the stream. It has great commercial 
importance, as the virtual head of sailing-vessel 
navigation northward ; as a heavy lumber and tim- 
ber depot ; and especially as the point at which the 



ROUTE NO. l.—NORTHEBK 71 

immense carrying-trade of the Erie and Champlain 
Canals enters the Hudson. 

The buildings best worth a yisit and observation 
are the Capitol (soon to be replaced by a much finer 
erection), with the Senate and Assembly Chambers 
(legislative sessions from 1st January to 1st April) ; 
the State Library , adjoining ; the State House, with 
government offices ; the Dudley Observatory , rapidly 
assuming position as one of the first institutions of 
the kind in the country; the State Arsenal; the 
University ; the Medical College (with Museum) • 
the City Hall; State Normal School, &c. Eides 
from Albany are many and attractive — especially to 
the Cemetery (one of the handsomest in the State), 
to CoJioes Falls, Lansinghurgli, and other handsome 
and thriving villages at practicable distance, and to 
some one of the Slialcer Villages lying northward — 
at the latter of which (as at Lebanon), the most odd 
and peculiar of all forms of worship may be encoun- 
tered. Leading hotels at Albany, the Delavan, Stan- 
wix Hall, Congress Hall, &c. 

From Albany, by street-car, omnibus or boat to 
Troy, some eight miles up the ra]>idly-diminishing 
river from the Capital, where will be found nearly a 
rival of the latter in size and population, its superior 
in beauty of location, and not only a flourishing 
town in general manufactures, but one of the most 
extensive lumber and timber depots in the world. 
It lies on both sides of the river — the eastern portion 
called by the common name, and the western, West 



73 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Troy, There is mncli manufacturing, of various 
heavy kinds in both divisions, but especially in West 
Troy, where street-cars, stoves and oilcloths are 
among the principal articles, wliile at the Watervliet 
Arsenal (United States government) tlic founding 
of small arms and munitions of war is carried on 
very extensively. Troy has also additional promi- 
nence from the junction of the !N"orthern, Western 
and Eastern lines of railway, here occurring; it has 
some churches of prominence {St. John and 8U 
Paul, the principal) — the Rensselaer Polytechnic In- 
stititte, and the Female Seminary, both popular in 
management and extensive in influence. Two slight 
eminences, near the town, bear the ridiculously 
classical names of Mt. Ida and ML Olympus ; and 
there are two pretty cemeteries — Oahwood and 
Mount Ida. From Troy, also, may be conveniently 
reached, by carriage or other conveyance, Oohoes, 
Lansingburgh, &c. 

Diinsion D. 

NEW YORK TO ALBAI^^Y OR TROY BY NIGHT-BOAT. 

Those who have before made the passage of the 
Hudson from New York to Albany by daylight ; or 
those who intend to return by some day-route, and 
so do not wish to consume time or experience fatigue 
on the route northward before reaching Albany — will 
be able to make the transit, so for as the latter 
place, by night-steamers on the Hudson, leaving 



ROUTE NO. 1.— NORTHERN. W 

New York at 6 P. M., finding luxurious accommoda- 
tion for eating and sleeping, on board, and reaching 
Albany or Troy at so early an hour in the morning 
as to ensure connection with the trains for either the 
Northern, Western or Eastern routes. 

For this transit two lines j^resent themselves : the 
People's Line (New Jersey Steamboat Company), in 
the very large and splendid boats of which the full 
luxury of American river-navigation • is seen; and 
the Citizens' Line (the Troy Citizens' Steamboat 
Company), displaying less splendor though supply- 
ing strong and efficient boats, and making a special- 
ty of reduced prices as compared with the People's 
Line. 

Going by either of these lines, in the long days of 
midsummer, a considerable portion of the scenery of 
the lower Hudson is passed through before the dis- 
appearance of daylight ; and if time at or near the 
full moon can be chosen, the sail under such cir- 
cumstances through the Hudson Highlands affords 
aspects of peculiar beauty not otherwise attainable. 

Division E. 

ALBAN-Y OR TROY TO AKD AT TREi^-TOK FALLS. 

The New York Central Eailroad will be taken at 
either Albany or Troy, bending westward, up the 
very handsome though narrow 

y alley of tlie Moliaiuh, considered one of the finest 
in America for tracts of quiet beauty in scenery; 



74 8E0ET-TRIP GUIDE. 

and often within sight of that wonderful enterprise 
in original construction and present capacity of con- 
veyance, the 

Brie Oanal, which crosses the whole State between 
Lake Erie, at Buffalo, and the Hudson, at Albany ; 
— by Schenectady, a quiet little old town, principally 
celebrated as having been the scene of a dreadful 
conflagration and massacre by the Indians, during 
the Eevolutioniiry War. [Eailway branches here for 
Saratoga, Lake George, Lake Champlain and Mon- 
treal, for those who prefer.] From. Schenectady, by 
minor stations of Fonda ; Palatine Bridge [point of 
disembarkation for Sharon Springs^ reached hence 
by coach] ; Fort Plain [whence coach conveyance 
to Otsego Lake, Cooperstoivn (residence of Ihe late 
Fenimore Cooper) and Cherry Valley] ; Little Falls 
(where particular attention is due to the wondrous 
river-and-rock scenery of the pass on the left) ; and 
ffer7d7iier — to 

UriCA, one of the flourishing large towns of Cen- 
tral New York, and Capital of Oneida County. It 
is pleasantly situated on rising ground on the south 
side of the Mohawk River, and is surrounded by 
very fertile lands, from which proceeds, at the hands 
of the Welsh and other residents, one of the principal 
cheese-manufactures of the country. The town stands 
on the site of old Fort Schuyler, of Eevolutionary 
fame ; is an entrepot of both the New York Central 
Eailroad and Erie Canal ; and has a peculiar though 
melancholy attraction in the large and well-managed 



ROUTE NO. \.—NORTEEBK 75 

State Lunatic Asylum, Drives around Utica are 
numerous and excellent. Prominent hotels at Utica, 
Baggs^ and the American, 

Lay over at Utica one day or more, and proceed, 
either by carriage direct, or by cars of the Utica and 
Black Eiver Railroad to South Trenton and thence 
by omnibus, to 

Teentoi^ Falls, on West Canada Creek, branch 
of the Mohawk River — a series of cascades unexcelled 
in the world for picturesque beauty. The principal 
falls are five in number, successively', passing up the 
stream, the Sherman Fall, High Fall, Mill-Bam 
Fall, Alhamlra Fall and Rocky Heart. To appre- 
ciate and enjoy them thoroughly, the tourist needs 
to descend the bank, by stairway, to the rocky level 
at the bottom, as far as practicable, and pass up 
along the left bank, on an irregular line of shelf- 
path, easily found, and presenting little difiiculty 
and no danger to the careful. The rock-strata of 
this remarkable gorge will excite mingled wonder 
and admiration, — as will the really unique collection 
of fossils and crystals found in the neigborhood and 
kept on view at Moore's Hotel, near the Falls. Re- 
turning from the extreme point reached, to below 
the Mill-Dam Fall, the stairway should be ascended, 
to the Rtiral Retreat, to view the High Fall from 
above — and way taken back to the Hotel through 
the fine woods. Return to Utica for pursuance of 
route northward. 



76 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Division F. 

TRE.-S-TOIS- FALLS Aiv^D UTICA TO i^IAGARA FALLS. 

Leave Utica by rail on New York Central Eail- 
roacl, to 

KOME, a tliriying town, also on the Mohawk 
Eiver and the Erie Canal. [Here, those who wish 
to proceed more directly to the St. Lawrence and 
Canada, may take Eome, Watertown and Ogdens- 
burgh Railroad, to Watcrloiv?i, for crossing to Kings- 
ton and the Grand Trunk Line in either direction — 
or to Ogdens'biirgli, for crossing to Prescott and 
nearest route to Ottawa]. Eome, continuing by New 
York Central, to 

Syracuse, large and flourishing town of Onon- 
daga County, at the junction of the Erie and Oswego 
Canals, with an immense production of salt from 
the Salt-wells, and the peculiar celebrity of having 
long been the favorite place for political conven- 
tions. It is pleasantly situated at the south end 
of Onondaga Lake. [Railway connection, here, 
southward by the Syracuse and Binghamton Rail- 
road, to Binghamton and ihe Erie Railway; and 
northward to Os^nego, on the shore of Lake Ontario, 
with steamer connection to Canadian ports and down 
the St. Lawrence. Branch line of the New York 
Central may also be taken, at Syracuse, direct to 
Buffalo, by 

Auburn, flourishing town on Cayuga Lake, and 
capital of Cayuga County, where one of the New 



ROUTE NO. 1.— NORTHERN. 77 

York State Prisons is located, and where Secretary 
Seward has long resided — by Cayuga, Geneva, Can- 
andaigica (whence branch lines to RocJiester and 
southward to the Erie Railway at Elmird), Cale- 
donia, LeEogfxnd Batavia.'] 

By main line, from Syracuse, by Clyde, Lyons 
and Palmyra, to 

RocHESTEK, on the Genesee River, one of the 
largest towns of Northern New York, and one of 
the most prosperous. It has a great natural curi- 
osity, in Genesee Falls, a single cataract of eminence, 
in jumping from which *' Sam Patch," the leaper, 
lost his life, many years ago. Artificially, its lead- 
ing attractions are the great Erie Canal Aqueduct 
over the Genesee ; the Rocliester University and 
TJieological Seminary ; Mount Hope Cemetery ; St. 
Mary's Hospital, etc. [Railway connection south- 
ward to the Erie Railway, at Corning; also by rail 
to Charlotte, on the lake shore, whence boats to all 
points on Lake Ontario]. Leading hotels, the Os- 
horn, Congress, Brackeit, &c. 

From Rochester, by New York Central, by Broch- 
port, Albion, Medina, and LocTcport (point of en- 
trance into the Erie Canal, from Lake Erie), to 
Niagara (village), and ^ 

Niagara Falls, first natural curiosity of America 
and admittedly among the first, in the world. 



78 SHOUT-TRIP GUIDE, 

Divisio7i G. 

AT AND ABOUT NIAGARA. 

Most Students of geography, even those who have 
never traveled, know that the Falls of Niagara lie 
between the State of New York, and Canada, and 
that they are formed by the rushing through the 
comparatively narrow pass of the Niagara River, 
over a curved shelf of uneven rocks, of all the mighty 
mass of water going eastAvard from Lake Erie to 
Lake Ontario ; and to a smaller number of non_ 
visitors are known the additional facts that the 
Horse-Shoe Fall (Canadian side) is 1,800 feet across; 
that Goat Island, separating the two, is 500 feet in 
width ; that the Americayi Fall is only 900 feet in 
width; that the average depth of descent is esti- 
mated to be about 160 feet; and that the enormous 
amount of 100,000,000 tons of water is believed to 
pass over the ledge every hour — nearly 1,500,000 
tons every minute, and about 25,000 tons every 
second or beat of the pulse ! Beyond this, no addi- 
tional statistics need be given, except that the banks 
©f the river, below the falls, have a perpendicular 
height of about 180 feet, and that the mass of water, 
below, all the way to the WhMpool, is compressed 
into an average space of about 480 feet of width. 

It is scarcely necessary to say that days of sojourn 
at the Falls are desirable, to see them in all their 
varying aspect and become fully acquainted with 
t'heir beauty (often underrated) as Aveil their gran- 



ROUTE NO. 1.— NORTHERN. 79 

deur. The short- trip trayeler, however, will be 
better served than otherwise, with a brief statement 
of the points of view most absolutely necessary and 
most conveniently attained. Of these are (1) that 

Over the Rapids — view caught in passing from the 
neighborhood of the Cataract House, by the fragile- 
looking but perfectly-secure bridge, to Goat Island. 
It is doubtful whether the cataract itself is more im- 
pressive than this mad rush of waters, threatening to 
sweep away the beholder at any instant, and sug- 
gesting all the images of beautiful rage and fury. (2), 

From Goat Island, over the Canadian Fall, the 
Canada shore and the lower rapids — with the shape 
of the horseshoe fully dejfined, and the rainbow al- 
nost constant during fine weather. (3), 

From Terrapin Tower (small tower at the edge of 
the Canadian Fall, reached by bridge from Goat 
Island), giving the opportunity to look almost per- 
pendicularly down the cataract, with other points of 
view nearly the same as from Goat Island. (4), 

From Prospect Point, near the International House, 
on the American side, giving the American Fall al- 
most at the feet, and the Canadian Fall and shore 
broadly opposite. (5), 

From under the Atnerican Fall^ down-river side, 
reaching that point by descent of steps or Xncliried 
Railiuay, from Prospect Point. From no other 
point of view can the impression of the broken 
bright water really falling from the clouds, be caught 
in such enchanting perfection. (6), 



80 iSHOBT-TRIP GUIDE. 

From the River, crossing the lower rapids by boat, 
and looking up to the Falls from the greatest attain- 
able depth below them. (V), 

From the Suspension Bridges, especially the upper 
and smaller one, near the Falls. (8), 

From the Clifton Ledge, in front of the Clifton 
House, on the Canadian side — the American Fall 
being seen from this point to perhaps even better 
advantage, and the whole ensemble of the Falls bet- 
ter caught, than even in the view (9), 

From Tahle Rock, higher up on the Canadian 
side, immediately at the verge and edge of the Horse- 
Shoe Fall, always a favorite with experienced visi- 
tors, and from which point the view in Church's 
great picture was taken. Descent 

Under the Falls may be made, by those who have 
taste for that style of adventure — either by going 
down the Biddle Staircase, from Goat Island (under 
American Fall and to the Cave of the Winds), or the 
staircase at Table Eock (under Canadian Fall, to 
Termination RocJc). Neither of these descents should 
be made, however, without due preparation of water- 
proof clothing (kept on hand at both points named), 
and the services of a capital guide. 

Lunar Isla^id, joined by a bridge to Goat Island 
on the right, should be visited, in sunlight to see 
the Rainbow of the Falls in greatest perfection and, 
in moonlight, if the time of visit so serves, in the 
chance of seeing that most wonderful of spectacles, 
the Lunar rainbow. 



ROUTE NO. 1— NORTHERN. 81 

The Sister Mauds (three) are now connected with 
Goat Island and with each other, by strong and 
handsome suspension-bridges; and no visitor to the 
Falls should fail to go out on each of them, for the 
unequalled view of the Upper Eapids thus to be 
obtained. That from the extreme outward one is 
perhaps the finest of all. 

The Wliirlpool and Whirlpool Rapidsy three miles 
below the Falls, on the American side (elevator to 
descend to the river-side, at the latter), show some 
of the most terrible rushes of water in the world, 
and also the outlet, beyond, into the deep-banked 
river. 

Other Spots to be profitably visited at and near 
the Falls, may be named 

Grand Island, very large island, above (reached 
by ferry) notable as the spot where Major Mordecai 
M. Noah, of New York, some fifty years ago com- 
menced to build what he believed to be the City of 
Eestoration of the Jews. (Monument commemora- 
tive, still remaining) ; 

Burning Spring, within a short walk above the 
Falls, on die Canada side, showing some rare phe- 
nomena in liquid combustion ; 

Lundy's Lane (Canada side — carriage), scene of 
the Battle of Chippewa (1812), with observatories 
and many stories of that battle ; 

Queenston and Leiuiston, opposite towns on the 
Niagara Kiver, seven or eight miles below the Falk; 
the former (Canada side) with a handsome monu- 



82 SHORT-TRIP GUTDE. 

ment to the Englisli General Brock, who fell here in 
1812, Prominent hotels at Niagara, the Interna- 
tional, Cataract and Park Place, on the American 
side ; and the Clifton, on the Canada side. 

[From Niagara (Suspension Bridge) through 
Canada, hy Great Western Kailway, to Detroit, 
Chicago, and the West (including California) ; or, 
Niagara to Buffalo, and West by the Lake Shore 
Eailroad; or, by the Grand Trunk, to Toronto, 
Ottawa, Montreal, and other Canadian cities; or, 
rail to Kingston, and thence boat to and down the 
Kiver St. Lawrence to Montreal, etc. [See Cana- 
dian routes.] 



ROUTE NO. 2 -NORTHERN. 

NEW YORK TO BUFEALO, NIAGARA FALLS AKD 
CANADA, BY THE ERIE RAILWAY. 

Leave New York (by morning train, for enjoy- 
ment of Delaware and Susquehanna scenery) by 
ferry from foot Chambers St., or foot 23d St, to 
Long Doclc at Payonia (New Jersey), midway be- 
tween the towns of Hoboken and Jersey City — the 
immense range of wharf commanding admiration for 
the enterprize which has created the whole from 
tide- water and useless marsh; and its importance 
added to by its late selection as the site of the piers 
and houses of the White Star Line of Steamers to 
Liverpool. 

From Long Dock, by rail, on the Erie Kailway ; 
the first point of interest after departure being 
the 

Bergen 2'unnel, through the West Bergen Hills, 
reached within a few moments after leaving the 
wharf, three-quarter mile in length, and considered a 
most costly and elaborate piece of engmeermg, until 
dwarfed by recent examples in the same line. Be- 
yond, the first town of any importance passed 
through, is 

Paterson, New Jersey, capital of Passaic County, 
in that State ; the town presenting many interesting 



84 8E0RT-TRIP GUIDE, 

features in manufactures and industry. Paper, cot- 
ton, silk and other fabrics are extensively produced; 
and iron and steel working have even more promi- 
nence. The Ivanhoe Paper Mills, here, are the most 
extensive in the country; Paterson foundries boast 
of being able to produce steamship-shafts and other 
heavy irons, of greater size than any others in Ame- 
rica; and two of the most successful and notable of 
the establishments for the manufacture of locomo- 
tive engines, in the world, are located here — those of 
Grant, and of the Kogers Co., of whom the former 
won the great gold medal at the French Exposition 
ot 1867, for the splendid locomotive *' America." 
Within the boundaries of the town are also to be 
seen the 

Passaic Falls, on the river of the same name — 
well worthy the tourist's attention, from the peculiar 
character of the chasm into which the river leaps, 
and the rock-scenery in the vicinity. Beyond Pater- 
son, the scenery, which has so far been tame, rough* 
ens and becomes better worthy of notice, as the hills 
of Orange County begin to break into view; and 
thenceforth, for a long distance, it may be said that 
the Erie road is one of the most picturesque in 
America— a marvel of wild natural beauty in sur- 
roundings, as well as of enterprize in engineering. 
At 

Suffern's Station [junction with the old road, 
now used for freight only, to Piermont, on the Hud 
son], commences the fine scenery of the 



RO UTE NO. 2.— NORTHERN. 85 

Ramapo Momitains, Gap and Valley, sceoe of 
many of General Washington's warlike o])erations; 
and the country around and beyond, entering Orange 
County, in the State of New York, equally cele- 
brated for the wonderful richness of its dairy pro- 
ducts — the noted Orange County milk and 'butter. 

At Sloatslurg, stage may be taken to Greemuood 
Lake, a rural summer resort of much beauty and 
some popularity. 

At Greycourt occurs the junction with another 
and now more important branch of the line — that to 
Newburgh, on the Hudson. Also, connection to 
favorite watering-place, Greenwood Lake. At 

Goshen, connection with Montgomery and Wal- 
kill Valley Branch, for Kingston and Eondout. 
Soon after is reached 

Middletown, capital of Orange County, with much 
industry, extensive iron-works, an academy, and a 
surrounding country at once fertile and picturesque. 
Beyond Middletown soon comes into view the mag- 
nificent scenery and bold engineering operations con- 
nected with the great 

Shaivangunh Mountain, the passage around whicli, 
by railway, was once deemed impossible. From this 
point, alternate rock cuttings of great depth and 
length, and magnificent views over the Neversink 
Valley and into the wild gorges of tlie Upper Dela- 
ware (river), of which the first comprehensive views 
are caught shortly before reaching 

Port Jervis, a village picturesquely situated among 
the mountains, at the point of junction of three 



86 SHOBT-TMIP GUIDE. 

States — New York, New Jersey and Penusylvania, 
and once enjoying evil repnte from the facility with 
which doubtful characters residing there could quick- 
ly change their State and thus baffle the officers of 
justice. It is now a place of limited summer resort 
and the end of the first or Eastern Division of the 
Erie road. \^Falls of the Saivlcill, fine cascades, six 
miles distant, by carriage or stage-coach.] 

Beyond Port Jervis the tourist enjoys fine views 
of the Delaware and Hudson Canal, in full opera- 
tion; and then comes the yet wilder scenery of the 
Upper Delaware, the road running in many places 
closely along its high rocky banks, and the en- 
gineering of the whole line at this section worthy of 
being remembered beside that of the Ehone Valley 
road among the heights of Jura, and that of the 
road through the Apennines between Bologna and 
Elorence. At near ShoJiola, perhaps the finest and 
wildest portion of the railway scenery is passed; 
though the views approaching and leaving Lacka-, 
waxen should by no means be lost. Passing Mast 
Hope, Narrowsburg, Callicoon (the latter and indeed 
all the places lately named, great headquarters for 
trout-fishermen and mountain-sportsmen generally) 
and Hancock, 

xit Deposit (formerly dinner-station) farewell is bid- 
den to Delaware River. Beyond this point the grade 
is somewhat heavy and the ascent slow, until the top 
of, the ridge is reached, after which follows corres- 
pondingly rapid descent for a certain distance. Not 



ROUTE NO. 2.—N0RTHEEK 87 

long affcer commencement of the descent, is crossed 
the once celebrated 

Cascade Bridge, with a single arch over a ravine 
nearly two hundred feet in depth (now changed to 
a high embankment) ; and here begin to be caught 
wonderful views over the lovely Valley of the Susque- 
hanna and the fine Elver of that name. Very soon 
after is crossed the 

Stariicca Viaduct, a splendid stone structure some 
1,200 feet in length and about 120 feet in height — 
considered one of the noblest railway bridges on the 
Continent, while the scenery from and around it is 
wondrously lovely and attractive. Still another 
high crossing is made over a fine wooden trestle 
bridge, at Lanesborough ; and then is reached 

Susquehanna, an important station and the end of 
th^ second or Delaware division of the road, as well 
as noted for engine-work and other heavy manufac- 
tures. Only a few miles beyond is reached 

Great Bend, another important railway station, 
and the point of intersection with this road, of the 
Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Road, from the 
Coal Regions of Pennsylvania. [Near Kirkwood, 
next station beyond, may be seen an old wooden 
house possessing a certain interest as the place of 
birth of the first Morman prophet, Joe Smith]. The 
next place of importance reached is 

BiKGHAMTON", handsomely situated at the junc- 
tion of the Susquehanna and Chenango rivers, and 
deriving its name from an early settler, Mr. Bing- 



88 SHORT- TRIP GUIDK 

ham, ancestor on one side of the present noble 
English banking family, the Ashburton-Barings. 
Site of the A'^ew Yorh State Inebriate Asylum; 
and a thriving and healthful town. [Connection 
with the Kew York Central Railroad, by the Syra- 
cuse and Bioghamton road.] The next important 
station is 

OtvegOy a large and handsome village, on creek of 
the same name, with Glenmary, old residence of 
N. P. Willis, near it, [Connection, northward, by 
rail, to 

Ithaca, handsome town at the head (or south 
end), of Cayuga Lake, seat of Cornell University, 
and with much fine scenery in the neighborhood, 
among which may be noted no less than fifteen 
waterfalls, varying from 30 to 160 feet in height, 
and five of them oi 100 feet or more. Very hand- 
some excursions may be made on Cayuga Lake, 
from Ithaca; or branch rail pursued to Auburn 
and the New York Central road; or a charming 
dris'e taken across country to the head of Seneca 
Lake, Watkins, and Watkins G-leu (see following).] 

Pursuing route on Erie road, from Ithaca, some 
half dozen stations beyond is reached 

Elmira, another chief town .of Western New 
York, on the Chemung River, wdth handsome 
scenery, and much thrift and prosperity. [Connec- 
tions, northward, directly with Niagara F^olls, by 
the Northern Central road of Pennsylvania; south- 
ward, to Harrisburgh, Philadelphia, &c., by the 
same road; and northward by same road to 



BOUTE NO. 2.—N0BTEERN. 88a 

WatJcins, pleasant Tillage at the head of Seueca 
Lake, with fine outlook over it, and interesting 
excursions from it, by water or land; and to 

Watkiks Glek, only for a few years known to 
the body of travelers, but now with assured promi- 
nence as among the true wonders of the American 
Continent, and already attracting large numbers of 
visitors from all lands. It has some of the charac- 
teristics of both Trenton Falls and the Flume at 
the Franconia Notch of the White Mountains, 
with others especially its own. As technically de- 
scribed, the most notable feature is found in a deep 
ravine or chasm in the hills, through which a stream 
brawls and struggles in its way to the plain below. 
In some places the sides of the gorge are not more 
than twenty feet apart, and rise to a sheer height 
of two hundred feet. Again they widen, forming 
a vast amphitheatre four or five hundred feet apart 
and as many high, and a quarter of a mile in length, 
with a level floor on which the water spreads out 
in acres, with a depth of two or three inches. In 
another place, a steep staircase, almost perpendicu- 
lar, crosses the ravine in the face of a lofty cascade, 
having a huge well at its base, of unknown depth, 
into which the water plunges v/ith great noise and 
violence. Again, over another fall is formed a beau- 
tiful rainbow. Another place is filled with deep 
pools, and another has a sloping water-way of 
smoothly worn rock, down which the stream rushes 
with force literally overwhelming and irresistible. 



88& SHORT- TRIP G UIDE. 

Says a late writer, of coming out from the Glen : 
"Directly below ns is the Tillage, with its straight 
avenues and streets and an abundance of shrub- 
bery and trees. Stretching away for thirty miles in 
front is the Seneca, one of the most beautiful lakes 
in the world. Its width at its southern extremity 
is about one mile, and its length thirty- six. At 
some points the width is five or six miles. Some 
of the most noticeable features of this lake are its 
great depth — in places nearly a thousand feet ; the 
entire absence of islands ; the extreme coldness 
of its waters in summer, and the apparently con- 
tradictory fact that it never freezes, though located 
in a high latitude. The drives over the hills in 
every direction about Watkins are interesting in the 
extreme, and of endless variety. Geneva, one of 
the oldest and most aristocratic villages in Western 
ISTew York, is at the foot of the lake, an (3. can be 
reached by steamboat three times daily. Ithaca, 
the seat of Cornell University, is at the head of 
Cayuga Lake, and is tw^enty miles east of Watkins, 
over the hills." Hotels at the Glen and vicinity, 
the Glen Parh, Glen Motmtain, Lake Vieiu, Fall 
Brook, and Jejferson. 

Pursuing main route on Erie road, at 
Corning, also on the Chemung, occurs a connec- 
tion with the coal-fields of Pennsylvania, by Corning 
and Blossburg road. Also, branch of Erie road 
runs northward direct to Rochester. 



ROVTE NO. 2.—N0BTEEBK 89 

At Hornellsville the Erie Railway branclies into 
two main lines, the one leading west, by 

Salamanca [junction with the Atlantic and Great 
Western road, south westward to Corry and the Oil 
Regions of Pennsylvania] and Dayton, to 

Dui^KiRK, on Lake Erie, terminus of the Erie 
Railway in that direction, and point of junction with 
the Lake Shore Railroad for Cleveland and Toledo 
(Ohio), Chicago, and other points west and north- 
west. 

The second or northern branch of the Erie road, 
leaving Hornellsville, runs northwestward, by Nunda, 
Portage (with splendid bridge, of great height, and 
fine Fall of the Genesee, called Portage Fall), War- 
saw and Attica, to 

BuPFALO, on Lake Erie, largest town of Western 
New York, and one of the most important commer- 
cial depots of the Middle States. It only dates from 
the commencement of the century, owing much 
of its rapid early progress to the enterprising and 
unfortunate Benjamin Rathbun, who involved him- 
self fatally in the attempt to make it the Queen of 
the Lakes. It is the point of entrance to the Erie 
Canal, from the Lake, and enjoys an immense 
grain and other shipping trade with the "West, by 
steamers and large schooners. It has now not less 
than 40 large grain warehouses, with capacity for 
storing six to eight millions of bushels; has very 
large iron manufactures; has several public grounds 
— Terrace Park, Niagara, Delaware, Washington, 



90 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Franldin and other squares; has a University, Medi 
cal School, Orphan Asylum, Marine Hospital, &c. ; 
and many of the public buildings, including the 
City Hall, Custom House, Post OflSce, State Arsenal, 
Market Houses and some of the Churches (the Ro- 
man Catholic Cathedral especially) are worthy the 
attention of even the temporary sojourner. After- 
noon breezes from the Lake, facilities for water-excur- 
Bions, proximity to the Canadian shore, &c., make 
Buffalo a charming place of abode daring the hot 
season, though the atmosphere is often too damp for 
<^^p. honltli of invalids inclined to pulmonary trouble. 
Prominent Hotels, Tifft House, Mansion House, Bon- 
ney House, &c. 

[iiuilulo, by rail to Niagara Falls and Suspension 
Bridge, for Canada and the East, or for the West, 
(See close of previous route). Or, direct to Sarnia, 
Detroit, Chicago, &c., by the Grand Trunk Railway. 
Or, to Dunkirk and the Lake Shore road thence to 
the West. Or, by Lake steamer to Cleveland and 
other points westward.] 



ROUTE NO. 3. "NORTHERN. 

JS"EW YORK TO SARATOGA, LAKE GEORGE, LAKE 

CHAMPLAII^ A^'D MONTREAL, WITH OPTIOi^" 

OF THE WHITE MOUKTAIISTS. 

New York to Albany or Troy, as by ISTortliei-n 
Koute No. 1. Thence train on the Eensselaer and 
Saratoga Eailroad along the Hudson and Mohawk 
Elvers, and with a view in passing of the Falls 
of Colioes^ on the latter, and also of the Erie Canal 
and of Eound Lake — to 

Ballston Spa, once the rival of Saratoga as a place 
of medicinal and fashionable resort, and still fre- 
quented by a considerable number of health-seekers, 
though the largest of the hotels, the Sans Souci, has 
long since been converted into a seminary, and the 
tide of summer travel has turned towards the more 
celebrated springs. Ballston has original advan- 
tages of location over Saratoga, the fine creek or 
small river, the Kayederosseras, flowing through it, 
and materially adding to pleasantness as an abode ; 
and while as a watering-place it will never quite 
decay, it may some day see a return to its old popu- 
larity. From Ballston, half an hour, through very 
flat though well shaded country, to 

SiLRATOGA (better known as " Saratoga Springs'') 
— the most fashionable of the American Spas. 



fi2 SHORT-TRIP GUIDK 

Division A. 

AT AND ABOUT SAKATOGA. 

This most celebrated of summer resorts on the 
Western Continent, with the possible exception of 
Niagara — has few natural features to produce such 
continued celebrity, its situation being comparatively 
low, its soil sandy, and its climate decidedly hot in 
midsummer. But long care and much expense 
have made its grounds shaded and attractive; and 
the number and varied character of its springs have 
counterbalanced all opposition and given it a popu- 
larity not likely to lessen during the present centu- 
ry. During the past few years, speculation (not to 
call it by any worse name), has joined with liberal en- 
terprize in providing extraordinary attractions, in 
the shape of 

Tlie Race- Course absorbing attention during a 
certain number of days of the season, and presenting 
some of the worst features of the English turf, in the 
way of high betting ; and 

Tlie Play-House, in imitation of Baden-Baden and 
Hombourg, with the addition of being owned and 
managed by an Honorable M. 0. Another and more 
meritorious feature is 

The Leland Opera House, near and attached to 
the Union Hotel, and affording splendid opportuni- 
ties for concerts, grand balls and other festivals, 
more pleasant to the sojourners than (it is to be 
feared) profitable to those providing the accommoda- 



ROUTE NO. ^.—NOBTHERN. 93 

tion. Of course the principal source of popularity 
and profit has been found in 

The S2ori7igs, of which the whole number must 
approach twenty, very different in character, while 
upon two or three of them has been concentrated, 
until lately, nearly the whole popularity giving 
patronage to the group. The waters of the Congress 
lead the list, now, instead of monopolizing as they 
once did: they are bottled extensively and sent 
everywhere, as well as consumed unlimitedly at the 
Spring. After them, of late, have come the Em- 
pire^ pressing close upon the Congress as an arti- 
cle of commerce ; and no small amount of popularity 
in the same line is being attained by those of the 
High Rock (held to be specially strong and medici- 
nal), the Haihorn, the Constitution^ &c., — while the 
Iodine., the ColumMan and others command exten- 
sive home-con sumption. The virtual " Pump-Eoom" 
of Saratoga, meanwhile, has been and continues in 
the Congress Spring, most picturesequely located 
and best kept, and with fine grounds near to add to 
its attraction. 

[Saratoga suffered very severely by fire in 1865 
and 18GG, two of the oldest and largest of the hotels, 
the United States and Congress Hall, almost as 
truly features of the place as the Springs themselves, 
and endeared by a thousand recollections as well as 
made classic by Willis' charming sketches, going 
down in those years. Both of them have since been 
rebuilt, however, with enlarged accommodation ; the 



94 anORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

additions have been numerous; and tliougli there 
have been supplementary fires among the hotels, in 
1871 and 1874, there is no fear whatever of Saratoga 
permanently suffering from deficiency of hotel ac- 
commodation. 

[The hint is worth something, to strangers — that 
the most delightful time for visiting Saratoga is to 
be found later than the full season— say in Septem- 
ber and early October, when the climate is delicious, 
and when the loveliest sunsets of the world (finer 
than the Italian) can be enjoyed from the hills 
just northward.] 

Excursions from Saratoga are not many or remark- 
ably varied. The most popular is found in the after- 
noon ride to the Lake, three miles distant — a hand- 
some forest-girded bit of water, with fine facilities 
for boating and fishing, and with Moon's and 
Abell's *^Lake Houses" to supply entertainment to 
visitors. With this ride is often combined a visit to 
Barhydf^s Mill, on the road — also made classic by 
Willis. Another excursion, generally made, is that 
to the Battle Field of Stillwater — scene of Sir John 
Burgoyne's surrender to Genl. Gates in 1777. 

Prominent Hotels at Saratoga, Grand Union, Con- 
gress Hall, United States, Clarendon^ &>c. 

Division B* 

SARATOGA TO AI^D AT LAKE GEORGE. 

The route from Saratoga is by cars of the Saratoga 
and Washington Railroad, to 



-ROUTE NO. Z.— NORTHERN. 95; 

Fori Edward., on the Hudson — site of one of the 
old fortifications of the French and Indian War 
period, but now a thriving village, with picturesque 
river scenery. At Fort Edward branch rail is taken 
to 

Glenn s Falls (often called simply " Glenn's"), a 
village also picturesquely situated on the Hudson, at 
a pass of the river through rocks of terrible wildness, 
with a broken fall, at and around which Cooper laid 
the scene of a part of the ^'Last of the Mohicans." 
Glenn's Falls has also large lime manufactures. 
Here stage is taken for Lake George, over a moun- 
tain road afibrding scenery of equal beauty and 
grandeur, forming fit introduction to the Lake. 
Half way between Glenn's and the Lake is passed 

Bloody Pond, scene of the defeat of Col. Williams 
by the French and Indians under Baron Dieskau, 
and slaughter of all his force, in 1755, during the 
old French wars, and of which the name is said to 
have been derived from the literal filling of the pond 
with bodies on that occasion. Shortly after leaving 
Bloody Pond, and on emci-gence from the forest on 
high ground, is enjoyed one of the most magnificent 
views supplied by tlie Western Continent, in the 
beautiful ^' Horicon " (Indian name of Lake George) 
its islands and mountain borderings. 

Caldwell, south end of tlie Lake, is tlic spot where 
the traveller is set down by the coach; and here 
and near are located some of the most enjoyable of 
the hotels welcomins: visitors 



86 SHOBT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Rowing, Sailing, and Fishing on Lake George are 
privileges not to be ignored: the more enjoyable for 
the wonderful clearness of the water, which often 
allows the bottom to be seen at twenty or thirty feet, 
and which won for it from the French the name of 
"Ls Lac du St. Sacrament" and indnced the carry- 
ing of the water to great distances for baptismal 
purposes. The variety of fish canght — trout, perch, 
pike, &c., commends it to the special favor of sports- 
men. It is while on the water, too, that the beauti- 
ful panorama of the Lake, with its islands and en- 
circling mountains, admitted to be among the finest 
on the globe, can best be enjoyed. 

The Old Forts must command a certain degree of 
attention from the visitor to Luke George, combin- 
ing, as they do, historical interest with their loca- 
tion. Of Fort William Henry, the small traces of 
embankment remaining lie immediately beside the 
Hotel of the same name, from in front of which the 
best views are commanded and the steamboat em- 
barkations on the Lake are made. Of Fort George, 
half a mile eastward, considerable portions of the 
crumbling walls yet present themselves, half buried 
by earth and overgrown with trees. Leading hotels 
at Lake George, the Lake House and Fort William 
Henry. 

[From Lake George may be visited, by stage- 
wagon or other conveyance, Schroon Lake a small 
wild, picturesque sheet of water, lying north-west- 
ward ; and thence, the lower part of the 



ROUTE NO. Z.— NORTHERN. fft 

Adirondach Mountains among the boldest and 
most interesting chains of the East, and of late 
years yery popular as resorts for pleasure seekers and 
health-seekers who have no objection to *• camping- 
out" and "roughing" it a little. Particulars of 
special routes, best obtained of those who manage 
the conveyances; as all other information on such 
partially-opened lines, must be more or less unreli- 
able and risky.] 

Leaving Caldwell for the passage northward, a 
small steamer is taken ; and the entire passage to 
Ticonderoga, about 35 miles, is one of the most 
charming in any land, affording otherwise unattain- 
able views of the surrounding mountains and the 
almost countless islands of the little body of water 
so favored, the actual number of which is said to 
reach nearly or quite three hundred. Among the 
most notable of these in this part of the Lake, are 
Diamond Island., Burgoyne's military depot in 1777; 
Long Island, north of Diamond ; Twelve Mile Is- 
land, near Bolton, Not far beyjond the latter, 
Tongue Mountain thrusts itself out into the Lake 
to a great distance (whence the name), forming a 
part of the Narrows, entered just beyond, under the 
shadow of Black Mountain, the highest peak of the 
lake-shore. North of the Narrows comes Saldath 
Day Point, a strip of low, cultivated land, so named, 
as alleged, by Genl. Abercrombie, from a Sunday 
morning embarkation of troops made there. Not 
far beyond, passing the bold headland of Rogers* 



98 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Slide, are 2:)assed Prisoners' Island, used as a place 
of military confinement by the English during the 
old French war; and Lord Hoioe^s Point, where 
that English general landed to make his attack on 
Ticonderoga. Directly beyond comes an insignificant 
landing, at which concludes the beautiful sail on 
Lake George, and the tourist enjoys a three mile 
ride, often in a rough wagon instead of a stage-coach^ 
over a rough road that still seems to be unobjection- 
able and in keeping with the journey, to the ruins of 
Ticonderoga. 

Division C, 

TICONDEROGA BY LAKE CHAMPLAIN TO 
MOXTHEAL. 

Crossing from Lake George, by stage-coach oi 
wagon, as above. 

Fort Ticonderoga will be found only a ruin, with 
one gable remahiiug to show its original height. It 
was first constructed by the French, about 1756, but 
derives its principal interest from tlie peculiar mode 
of its summons to surrender by the madcap Vermon- 
ter, Ethan Allen, in 1775, the formula being: "In 
the name of the Continental Congress and the Great 
Jehovah !" It was soon retaken by the British, how- 
ever, and held during the war. [From Ticonderoga 
detour may be made to Croiun Point, another place 
of revolutionary interest, taken at nearly the same 
time ; and thence may be reached most conveniently 
by wagon and on foot, Lake iSanford, Lalcc Render- 



ROUTE NO. Z.— NORTHERN. 99 

son, and beyond the faraons Indian Pass and the 
great peaks of the Adirondack Mountains ; Tali- 
aiuu^, or Mou7it Marcy, Mount Mclntyre, the Dial 
Mountain, etc.] 

At the Tvharf at Ticonderoga, to continue main 
route northward, steamer on Lake Champlain is 
taken; and thenceforth, in fine weather, is found 
a sail of many hours, not often equaled in enjoy- 
ment. Besides the towns and hamlets studding the 
shores, there are special points of interest on the 
Lake in the shape of singular rocks and islands, of 
which the most notable, below, may be mentioned as 
Split Rode, an immense mass of ironstone, half an 
acre in extent, split away from the main only about 
twelve feet ; the Four Brothers, small islands always 
haunted and half covered with noisy gulls, like Ailsa 
Craig; Juniper Island and Bock Dundee, both 
masses of rocks rising to the height of over 30 feet. 
It is not in these particulars, however, that lies the 
chief charm of sailing on noble Champlain (130 miles 
in length, and width varying from ^ mile to 13 : 
area covered, about 500 sq. miles). That principal 
charm lies in the presence of a noble range of moun- 
tains at either side : at the right, the Green Mowi- 
tains of Vermont, among the highest in Eastern 
America ; on the left, at greater distance, the equally 
noble range of the AdirondacJcs. 

Landings are made, on the right, at 

BuRLiNGTOX, Vermont, one of the largest and 
most important towns in. the State, with a Univer- 



100 SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

sity, many fine buildings, manufactures., and a great 
concentration of railway, steamboat and stage-coach 
routes. At Burlington are also enjoyed, as from the 
Lake approaching it, fine views of the two highest 
peaks of the Green Mountains, Mt. Mansfield and 
CameVs Hump, Hotels, the American, &c. 

[At Burlington, rail may be taken, by those who 
prefer, by St. Alban's and St. John's, direct ^to 
Montreal. See Division T), following.] 

Continuing from Burlington by boat, the Lake is 
crossed, north-westward, to 

Plattshurg, thriving town of New York, lying on 
the west shore, and scene of the land-and-naval 
battle between the English and Americans, in Sep- 
tember, 1814, won for the latter by General Macomb 
and Commodore McDonough. Hotel : Fouquet^s. 

[From Plattslurg may be visited 

Keeseville, a thriving town of Essex County ; and 
thence the Au SaUe River, the Saranac Lakes, and 
the great fishing and pleasure grounds of the 

NoRTHER^r Adiro:n"dagk Moui^TAiNS. For either, 
and especially for the latter, stage is taken at Keese- 
ville, and special routes traced out through particu- 
lar information locally derived. For any extended 
advance into the mountains, however, certain pro- 
visions, conveniences and changes of clothing must 
be provided, after taking the special local advice 
above noted, and before leaving the towns on the 
shores of Lake Champlain, for the absolute wilder 
ness lying behind them.] 



ROUTE NO: Z.—N'OBTHEBK 101 

Continuing from Plattsburg by boat, final landing 
is made at 

Rotise^s Pointy also on the western shore of the 
Lake, and unimportant except for this triansit and 
the fact that it lies at the very border of the Do- 
minion of Canada. 

From House's Point, by rail, to St. John^s and to 
Moi^TEEAL. (For description, &c., see p. 247.) 

Division D. 

TICON^DEROQA TO MON^TREAL BY BOAT AKD RAIL. 

As by previous route (Division C) to 

Burlington, Vermont. At Burlington leave Cham- 
plain boat and take rail of the Vermont Central road 
to 

8t, ^?Jaw'5, Vermont, one of the handsomest towns 
in the State, lying near Lake Champlain, with fine 
scenery, many noble buildings, considerable popu- 
larity as a summer-resort, an immense butter-and- 
cheese market, and a historical celebrity on account 
of the "raid'' made upon it, from Canada, on the 
19th of October, 1864, by the Confederate refugees 
then resident in the Dominion. Principal hotel, 
the Welden House. [Railway connection from 
St. Alban's, by the Missisquoi road, to Sheldon, 
and the Missisquoi Spri7igs, popular hygienic 
resort.] 

From St. Alban's, by rail, by St. John's to Moi^- 
TREAL. (See p. 247.) 



103 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Division E, 

SARATOGA TO MONTKEAL, BY RAIL. 

Leave Saratoga by Saratoga and Washington road, 
(as by Division B,) to 

Whitehall, New York, at the southern end of 
Lake Champlain — town of age, and much import- 
ance in connection with the lumber trade and the 
extensive transportation through the Champlain 
Canal, commencing at that point, from the Lake to 
Albany. [Point of departure of steamboats on 
Lake Champlain, for Northern New York, Vermont 
or New Hampshire Mountains, or Canada, — for those 
coming up directly from New York or other more 
southerly points, by Albany or Troy. See Divi- 
sions C and D, pp. 99 and 101.] 

Continuing by rail from Whitehall, and entering 
the State of Vermont, through the great marble- 
quarry region of that State; by Castleton, virtual 
centre of that trade ; to 

EuTLAiTD, thriving and handsome town, with 
railway connections in all directions, pleasant loca- 
tion, and fine mountain-and-valley scenery, as well 
as much productive industry. Hotel, the Bate^i 
House. 

From Rutland, by Middlebury and minor stations, 
to BuRLiNGTOJS" (sce that place in Division C, p. 99). 
Burlington, by Vergennes and minor stations, to St. 
Albans (see that place in Division D, p. 101). St. 
Alban's to St. John^s and Montreal. (See p. 247.} 



ROUTE NO. ^.—NORTIIEUK 102a 

Division F. 

FAVORITE TOUEIST . EOUTE FKOM NEW YORK TO 
. MONTREAL. 

New York, by Central Rail Eoad, Day Boat or 
Kigbt Boat, to Albany or Troy (see Eoute 1, 
Division A, page 62). Albany or Troy to Sara- 
toga, Lake George, and take Cbamplain boat at 
Ticonderoga, as by Route 3, Divisions A, B and C, 
pp. 91 to 99. Or, Albany or Troy to Saratoga (omit- 
ting Lake George) ; tbence rail to Whitehall and 
take Ohamplain steamer there. By boat on Lake 
Cbamplain to Bicrlington, and thence rail by St. 
Alban's and St. John's to Montreal ; or by boat to 
Burlington, Plattsburg and Rouse's Pointy and 
thence rail by St. John's to Montreal. (See p. 247.) 

Division G. 

eastern-states all-rail route from new YORK 
TO MONTREAL. 

New York to Neiu Haven^ Hartford and Spring- 
field, as by Route No. 4, Division A, pp. 103 to 
106. Springfield, by Connecticut River and con- 
necting roads, to 

Belloius Falls, railway-centre of importance on 
the Connecticut River, with connections eastward 
to Boston, &c. Thence to 

White River Junction, another railway-centre with 
equally important connections, at the intersection of 



102& SHORT-TRIP G JJIDE. 

the Connecticut and White Rivers. Thence to 8U 
Allan's, St. John's and Montreal. (See p. 247.) 

JJvViS'L07l H. ' 
HINTS FOR RETURl^IIS'G SOUTHWARD. 

As stated in many other places in this yolume, it 
is a matter of policy, always, in returning from one 
of two points to another, to vary the route from that 
selected in going, unless special reasons require 
passing over the same ground. And in no direction 
does this require more closely to be borne in mind, 
than, say, between New York and the Canadian 
cities; the routes being so many and all so interest- 
ing, that no choice supplying variety can well be 
amiss, if time or other circumstance does not pre- 
vent. The reminder need scarcely be added, that, 
all the preceding routes being marked out as goiTig 
northiuardy for proceeding southward any one of 
them needs simply to be reversed. 



ROUTE m 4 -EASTERN. 

NEW YORK TO BOSTOI^-, BY NEW HAVEN, HARTFORD, 

AND SPRINGFIELD (RAIL) ; BY PROVIDENCE 

(rail) ; BY NEWPORT, NEW LONDON OR 

STONINGTON (SOUND-BOAT). 

Division A. 

BY rail, by SPRINGFIELD. 

Leave New York by morning express of New 
Haven Eailroad, by William's Bridge (point of 
divergence of the New York and Harlem road), 
by several unimportant stations (with occasional and 
pleasant views of Long Island Sound, at the right), 
to Stamford, Da^rien and Norwalk (Connecticut), 
(the latter the scene of a serious accident, train run- 
ning into the Eiver, at the Bridere. manv jears 
since) ; then by other unimportant stations, to 

Bridgeport^ on Long Island Sound, large and im- 
portant manufacturing town, especially in the de- 
tail of Sewing Machines, of which two of the largest 
factories in the world, the Wheeler & Wilsoi^, and 
Howe, are located here. Also, point of intersection 
of lines of railway leading to the manufacturing in- 
terior of Connecticut (Housatonic and Naugatuck) ; 
and old residence of the celebrated showman, P. T. 
Barnum. Bridgeport to 



104 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

New Hayei!^, also on Long Island fecund (lines 
of steamers to and from New York); one of the 
most important towns of the East, and seat of YaU 
College, as well as noted for the sliaded beauty of its 
streets and the peculiar magnificence of its elm-tree 
avenues, the latter feature giving it the name of the 
"Elm City." New Haven is well worthy of a so- 
journ for examination. The first point of interest 
is of course to be found in the College Buildings, of 
which there are some fifteen, with a remarkable 
air of antiquity, for America (the College founded in 
1700) ; the College Green, or Campus, with Chapel, 
and fine old Churches; the State House, an impos- 
ing edifice, of marble, recently completed ; the Fine 
Art Building and Trumhull Gallery, in the latter of 
which are the original fine historical pictures by 
Colonel Trumbull (Washington, etc.) ; the recently 
built City Hall, etc. Some interesting Monuments 
are to be found in the Grove Street Cemetery; among 
others those of Eoger Sherman, founder of Ehode 
Island, Noah Webster, Pierrepont Edwards, the poet 
Hillhouse, etc.; and in the Campus, tomb of the 
regicide Wh alley. Excursions from New Haven to 
East Roch, Savin Roch, Wallingford, &c. [Con- 
nection, by rail, to 

MiDDLETOWN, flourishing town, with manufac- 
tures, seat of Wesleyan University, Industrial 
Scliool, State Lisane Asylum, Berhehy Diviiiity 
School, &G. Opposite Middletown, Portland, with 
great brown-stone quarries.] 



ROUTE NO. L— EASTERN. 105 

Prominent IiolcIs at New Haven, tlie iv^ew? J3aven 
House, Tontine, Tremont, &c. 

Resuming rail, on the New Haven, Hartford and 
Springfield road, and now running northward, away 
from the Sound— passing Wallmgford, Meriden 
(great Brittaniaware and other metallic manufactory) 
and other stations of less importance, is reached 

Hartfoed, on tlie Connecticut Eiver, a large 
town with much beauty of location, large manufac- 
turing interests, and lately selected as the sole seat 
of irovernraenfc of the State. (Reached by steam- 
ers from ISTew York). It has an educational institu- 
tion of eminence, known as Trinity College ; the Con- 
necticut Historical Society ; the Waikinson Lihary, 
with rare books, pictures and statuary; Wadsworth 
Atheneum, etc. ; and among the handsome buildings 
of the town are the Deaf and Dumb Asylum, Hetreat 
for the Insane, Hospital, etc. The Charter OaJc 
(place of hiding of the old Connecticut Charter from 
a tyrannical Governor) long one of the boasts of 
Hartford, blew down in 1856 ; but the place where 
it stood is still shown by a slab. Among present 
curiosities are the late Col. Colt's Fire-Arms Manu- 
factory, the house occupied by the late Mrs. Sigour- 
ney, the poetess, etc. There are also many pictur- 
esque short excursions from Hartford, the most 
prominent among them being those to Talcott 
Mountain, Wethersfield, Prospect Hill, &c. Leading 
hotels, Allyn House and United States. 

Beyond Hartford, pasing Windsor, and Windsor 



10 6 SEOBT- TBIP G UIDE. 

Locks (water power and important manufactures)^ 
and other minor stations, is reached 

SPRiis^GFiELD, Massachusetts, also lying on the 
Connecticut River, one of the most important towns 
of the State, and peculiarly notable for its diversity 
of railway communication. [Connection, here, east- 
ward to Boston and we&tward to Albany, by the 
Boston and Albany road; southward to Hartford, 
New Haven and New York, by the New Haven, 
Hartford and Springfield ; northward to the White 
Mountains of New Hampshire, to Vermont and 
Canada, by the Connecticut River and other inter- 
secting roads]. A prominent source of prosperity as 
well as object of interest is the United States Arse- 
nal and Arms Manufactory^ the largest in America, 
located here, furnishing extensive employment and 
supplying the celebrated " Springfield Rifle." (Writ- 
ten of by Mr. Longfellow, in one of his finest poems, 
"The Arsenal at Springfield.") It has also other 
and important manufactures — especially of carri- 
ages; handsome public grounds, in the Cemetery^ 
Hampden Park, &c. ; and is considered one of the 
most charming places of residence in the East. 
Prominent hotels, the Massasoit, Goolet/s, &c. 
From Springfield, by Palmer, direct to 
Worcester, another of the large and important 
towns of Massachusetts, with extensive manufactures 
and even more numerous railway connections than 
Springfield. [Westward, by Boston and Albany road 
(Western) to Springfield and Albany, and Spring- 



ROUTE NO. 4..— EASTERN. 107 

^eld, ;N"ew Haven and Kew York. Eastward, by 
Boston and Worcester, to Boston. Northward, by 
Worcester and Nasliua, to the White Mountains and 
Canada. Southward, by Norwich and Worcester, to 
New London, and Shore Line road aild line of 
steamers to New York. South-eastward, by Wor- 
cester and Providence, to Providence, Newport, &c.] 
It has some line public buildings, among which may 
be mentioned the State Lunatic Asylum, Mechanics^ 
Hall, building of the American Antiquarian Society, 
&c., and divides with Springfield pre-eminence in the 
manufacture of railway and other carriages. Lead- 
ing hotel, the Bay State. 

From Worcester, by Grafton^ Framingham, JSTa- 
ticlc (home of IT. S. Senator Wilson) West Newton, 
Brighton and other minor stations, direct to 

Boston. [See ahead—'' At and about Boston."] 

Division JB. 

BY RAIL, BY PEOYIDElNrCE {SHORE LIIS'e). 

Leave New York by 12.15 P. M. express of the 
New Haven Railroad. (May leave by night-express, 
but at sacrifice of scenery). Take tickets by "Shore 
Line," as distinguished from those by " Springfield ;" 
and be sure that Shore Line carriage is taken. To 
New Haven, as from Springfield route preceding. 

From New Haven, due east (New Haven, New 
London, and Stonington road) along or near the 
shore of the Sound, with closer and still finer views 



108 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE 

than those before reaching New Haven — by Guil- 
ford, Madison, Clinton &c., to 

Crossing of the GonnecPcut River, at Lyme. 
(At Sayhrook Junction, near, connection by Valley 
road, south' to Saydrook, north to Middlctoivn, &c.) 
By S. Lyme, and E. Lyme, Waterford, &c., to 

New Loj^don, at the mouth of the Thames Eiver 
— a sea-port of some importance, and formerly depot 
of one of the great whaling-fleets, before the late 
decay of that trade. [Line of large and fine steamers 
from and to New York, every evening: communi- 
cating by rail to and from Boston, by Norwich and 
Worcester.] Harbor considered one of the finest 
on the Atlantic coast, and defended by splendid for- 
tifications, Fort Trumbull being the principal, below 
the city and at the right, towards mouth of the 
harbor. New London, an attractive place of resort 
and residence in many respects, has a peculiar and 
melancholy interest as having been long the business 
place of Benedict Arnold, the traitor, whose sign 
over one of the old shops is still pointed out. The 
principal public buildings, worth notice, are the 
Custom House, Court House, Female Academy, &c. 
At the mouth of the harbor the Pequot House is a 
very attractive place of summer sea-side resort. 

From New London the Thames is crossed by ferry 
boat (part of train carried over, with through-passen- 
gers, and lunch on boat) to Groton, on the opposite 
bank— for some years the depot of another steam- 
boat line between New York and Boston, now 



ROUTE NO. L— EASTERN. 109 

abandoned. Groton, by rail, still within frequent 
sight of the Sound, to Mystic, somewhat famous for 
wooden-ship building, and 

Stonington, Connecticut, Sound port of some im- 
portance, lying at the mouth of river of same name. 
[Line of large steamers to and from Kew York, 
every evening : communicating by rail to and from 
Boston, by Providence.] Stouington, by Westerly 
and other stations, including 

Wiclcford [railroad and steamboat communication 
direct to Newport, in connection with traiosj ; and 

East Greenwich [old steamboat route to JSTewpout 
in connection with trains] — to 

Proyideis'CE, capital o-f the State of Rhode Island, 
and one of the principal towns of the Eastern States. 
It lies on Providence Eiver, extending from Narra- 
gansett Bay ; has much beauty in location and enor- 
mous wealth in buildings and the appointments of 
residents ; manufactures very extensively, in engines, 
heavy machinerierj, cottons, prints, jewelries, &c,; 
and has nearly two hundred and fifty years of anti- 
quity since its foundation by Roger Williams, when 
driven from the colony of Massachusetts Bay on 
account of his religious opinions. It is the seat of 
Brown JJnicersity, a literary institution of the first 
eminence, with a largo and valuable library ; and is 
also noted for the number and excellence of its 
public schools. Tlie two handsomest public build- 
"mgs in the town are the Rhode Island Hospital and 
the Custom House; though there are very many 



110 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

fine edifices connected with the numerous public 
charities of the city, among which may be named 
the Reform School, i\\Q Dexter Asylum for the Poor^ 
Butler Hospital for the Insane, Home for Aged Wo- 
men, &g. It has also several imposing churches, 
banks and other edifices; and Swan Point Ceme- 
tery, Narragansett Parle, and other public grounds 
deserve visit and notice. The Soldiers'' and Sailors' 
Monument, recently erected, is also worthy of notice. 
Leading hotels, the Cibj Hotel, and Aldrich House. 

[Railway communication with Boston, by Boston 
and Providence road ; with Worcester, by Providence 
and Worcester ; with Hartford, by Hartford, Provi- 
dence & Fishkill; witn Newport, by Providence and 
!N"ewport; with New London, by Stonington and 
Providence, &c.; vv^ith New York, by road just trav- 
ersed, and by lines of steamers from Pall River and 
Newport, &c.], 

[Paiutuchet, near Providence, is the seat of heavy 
manufactures, and of the first cotton-mill ever built 
in America.] 

Providence, by Pawtucket, Attleboro, Mansfield, 
Eoxboro, Readville, &c., to 

Boston". 

Division C. 

BY BOAT, BY NEWPORT OR FALL RIVER. 

Leave New York, 5 P. M., daily (except late au- 
tumn, winter, and early spring, when the hour is 4 
P. M. — see bills at hotels) by boats of the Narragan- 



ROUTE NO. 4:.— EASTERN. Ill 

sett Steamship Company, by Long Island So and, for 
Newport or Fall liiver as may be preferred. This 
route, as well as the other Sound routes about to be 
named, affords not only a delightful sail, in the cus- 
tomary fine weather of summer, but conveys a better 
idea than can otherwise be attained, of the size and 
magnificence of the vessels employed in this transit. 
Leaving the pier and proceeding past the whole line 
of the city, then past the islands lying in the Sound 
or East Eiver, and up the Sound itself, — unequalled 
opportunities are enjoyed for observing the water- 
front of the city, the extent of the penal and bene- 
volent institutions on BlacJcwelVs Island, RandalVs 
Island, Ward^s Island, &c., the rocky dangers of 
Hell Gate, the attractive scenery of the river shores 
(Long Island on the right ; New York or Manhattan 
Island on the left) ; the extensive fortifications guard- 
ing that approach to the city, in Fort Schuyler, at 
Throg's Neck, etc. — daylight lasting, in the warm 
season, until all these points of interest are passed, 
and the remainder of the course up the Sound offer- 
ing few attractions other than those of a marine 
character. 

At an early hour in the morning is reached 
the end of the route by Sound, and place of debar- 
kation for those who wish to vist the watering-place 
and afterwards proceed thence to Boston by rail, — 
in 

Newport, one of the largest and most important 
towns of Rhode Island, and one of the most cele- 



112 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

brated and fashionable of American sea-side resorts, 
for the past quarter of a century or longer. It lies 
on Narragansett Bay, at near the entrance from Long 
Island Sound, and boasts a harbor of peculiar beauty 
as well as one of a depth of water almost unequalled. 
It has a fine bathing-beach, markedly safe, within 
short-riding-distance of the principal hotels ; and at 
greater distance are to be found and visited the re- 
markable groups of rocks known as Paradise^ Pur- 
gatory, the Hanging Rocks, etc. The Glen, the 
Spouting Horn, Lily Pond and the Dumpling Rocks, 
are also places of much picturesque interest to visit- 
ors and residents ; while at some ten miles distant, 
south-eastward, lie Seconnet Point and West Island, 
the latter supplying the very best sea-shore-fishing 
on the American coast. Fort Adams, at near the 
mouth of the harbor, is one of the largest and strong" 
est fortifications in the North ; and the ride to it> 
from the town, is one of the afternoon features of 
Newport life. Another peculiarity of Newport is the 
fine sailing in and about the harbor, securing the 
constant presence of yachts, and many regattas 
during the season, on a more or less extensive scale. 
And yet another is to be found in the wide extent of 
lawned and terraced bluflf, overlooking the sea, where 
are located an immense number of summer-cottages 
of the wealthy, giving a higher tone to the prevalent 
hotel-life, even while moderating and to some degree 
lessening it. One marked object of interest is to be 
found at Newport — the Bound Tower, alternately 



ROUTE NO. 4,.— EASTERN, 113 

called a Norse remain and a wind-mill, but around 
which Longfellow, adopting the former belief, wove 
his marvellously beautiful poem, the "Skeleton in 
Armor." There are also some patriotic erections and 
antiquities of interest : among the structures the old 
State House, Commodore Perry^s House^ the Vernon 
Mansion, the First Baptist C/mrcA (1638), the Perry 
Monument, &c. ; and of minor antiquities, FranlzlirCs 
Printing Press (now or late in the ofiSce of the 
Newport Mercury newspaper), the ancient Chair of 
State of the Colony, etc. Of modern buildings of 
merit, the number is considerable. Newport has the 
additional celebrity of having been the birth-place of 
Gilbert Stuart, the painter, Malbone, the miniature- 
painter, and Commodore Perry; and Cooper flung 
round it a romantic interest as the opening scene 
of the " Red Eover." Leading Hotels : the Ocean 
House, Atlantic^ United States, and Perry, 

[Above Newport, within convenient riding or sail- 
ing distance, lies the fine eminence of Mount Hope, 
with interesting reminiscences of the Indian King 
Philip, and splendid views over Narragansett Bay, 
the city, harbor, &c.] 

[Newport to Boston, by rail, by Fall River and 
connection with the Old Colony road, or by Provi- 
dence.] 

If not wishing to stop at Newport, and still pro- 
ceeding to Boston, on some New York steamer 
from which debarkation has before been supposed, 



114 8E0RT-TR1P GUIDE. 

the route will be pursued by remaining on boat until 
its next and final landing, at 

Fall Eiver, a thriving manufacturing town on 
Taunton Eiver, eastern branch of Narragansett Bay, 
within the State of Massachusetts though near 
the Rhode Island border. Peculiarly noted for 
works in machinery, in heavy irons, and in cottons 
and prints. [Communication with Newport and 
Providence by boat and rail.] Mount Ho2oe, before 
alluded to, is in view from Fall River and may be 
most conveniently reached from this point ; and the 
bridge connecting Rhode Island (island) and the 
main land is near, at Tiverton. 

Fall River to BoSTOiT, by rail of the Old Colony 
Road. 

Division D. 

BY BOAT, BY NEW LONDON, NORWICH & WORCESTER. 

Leave New York, 5 P. M., by boats of the 
Norwich and Worcester Line, on the Sound, 
the route displaying precisely the same fea- 
tures as that before named, (except that the run by 
sea is shorter and less exposed in rough weather, and 
that rail is taken at an earlier hour) to 

New London [see previous description.] 

New London, by rail on the Norwich and Wor- 
cester road, to 

Norwich, very old and handsome small town of 
Connecticut, picturesquely situated at the head of 
navigation of the river Thames, with its steep streets 



ROUTE NO. L— EASTERN. 115 

literally lying on terraces, but many mannfactures, 
mucli commercial prosperity, and no small number 
of old buildings recalling the early historic days of 
the State. 

From Norwich, still by rail of the Norwich and 
Worcester road — by Plainfield [junction, for Provi- 
dence, Newport, &c.], by Putnam, Webster, Wokces- 

TBE, &C., to BOSTOIT. 

Division E. 

BY BOAT, BY STONINGTOl^ A-l^H PROVIDEITCB. 

Leave New York, 5 P. M., by boats of the Stoning- 
ton Steamboat Company, on the Sound, with same 
features as those of two previous routes, though less 
extensive in sea-voyage than that to Newport, and 
longer than that to New London — to 

Stoningtok, Connecticut (before referred to in 
Shore-Line route by rail), at mouth of Stonington 
river, near the Sound, 

Stonington by Providence, by rail, with same 
features shown in that division of the Shore-Line 
rail route, to BosTOisr. 

Division F. 

AT Aiq-D ABOUT BOSTOJSr, WITH EXCURSIONS. 

Boston-, Capital of the State of Massachusetts, one 
of the largest, most influential and handsomest of 
the cities of America, and in many regards the most 



116 SHOBT-TRIP GUIDE. 

remarkable of all — lies at the extreme western point 
of Massacliusetts Bay, where that body of water is 
entered by the Charles Eiver; and most of the old 
city is erected on a peninsula of several hundred acres, 
extending up from Roxbury, at the south, and curved 
around by the wide mouth of the Charles Eiver, 
which thus divides from it Cambridge on the west, 
OliarlestoiDn on the north, and Chelsea and East 
Boston on the east. All these form parts of the 
present city, however, by means of different bridges 
spanning the river mouth and edge of the harbor ; 
and the result is that Boston seems from some points 
of view to be almost as completely a " City of the 
Sea " as Venice. Northeast of it, at some miles dis- 
tance, the bold headland of Naliant runs southward 
from the mainland at Lynn, behind Chelsea point, 
adding to the picturesqueness of the whole harbor, 
as well as aiding the several islands ( Castle Island, 
fortified by Fort Independence ; Governor's Island, 
Fort Winthrop ; George^ s Island, Fort Warren ; Deer 
Island, occupied by House of Industry and other 
public buildings ; and others, minor in size and im- 
portance) in sheltering it from the rough winds of 
the east. An additional feature of the old city, or 
" Boston Proper," is found in three, eminences or 
slight hills on and among which it was originally 
built, giving it the name of the *' Tri-Montane City," 
and originating the name of " Tremont " so inti- 
mately connected with it. On the highest of these 
Btands the State House, the whole city appearing to 



ROUTE NO. 4.,— eastern: 117 

elope up to it, and tlie view, on approach, being thus 
rendered peculiarly impressive. 

With reference to transit through and about Bos- 
toij, it may be said that many of the streets, especi- 
ally in the older portions of the town, are crooked 
and involved to a proverb, but that the street-car 
system is very extensive, complete and convenient, 
and that carriage -hi re, though high in comparison 
to European, is less exorbitant than in New York. 

Of Streets, the best worth noting are Beacon 
Street, at the top of the Common, the most fashion- 
able ; Tremont Street, at the bottom of the Common, 
blending of fashion and business; Washington St., 
nearly parallel with the latter, southward, business 
centre; State, Congress, and other streets in the 
neighborhood of the Old State House, financial, law, 
etc. Other and newer streets and avenues, lying on 
the Back Bay, west of the Public Garden, are now, 
however, fasiiionable ; and here have been erected 
the Coliseums for the two great Musical Jubilees. 

Of Public Grounds, Boston has two, within the 
city proper, of peculiar prominence : the Common, a 
triangular park of nearly fifty acres, sloping down 
from the State House, handsomely shaded, with a 
Pond or Lake, and in an enclosure near the middle, 
the celebrated Old £'/m called the "Liberty Tree; " 
and the Public Garden, adjoining the Common on 
the West, wiih a handsome Lake, bridges, floral 
walks, and a fine statue of Washington, by Ball. 

Of Antiquities, principally connected with the 



118 SHORT- TRIP Q UIDE. 

"War of the Revolution, Boston has many of interest : 
Faneuil Hally Faneuil Hall Square, otherwise known 
as the "Cradle of Liberty," where early meetings of 
patriots were held (still used for meeting purposes, 
and containing some national portraits) ; the Old 
State House, State Street ; Brattle Street Church, 
Brattle Street (with one of the round shot of the 
Charlestown bombardment still embedded in the front 
wall ;) Old South Church, corner of Washington and 
Milk Streets ; Ordiuay Mall, Province House Court, 
once the residence of the Colonial Governors ; Liberty 
Tree, Boston Common ; and many others of minor 
consequence. 

Of Public Buildings, deserving attention, are the 
State House (Capitol), Beacon Street, with interest- 
ing military and other memorials, legislative cham. 
bers, etc., within, and splendid and extensive view 
from the roof; Citstom House, foot of State Street; 
Exchange, State Street (Post Office below) ; Court 
House, Court Square ; Citij Hall, School Street (colos- 
sal statue of Franklin, in front) ; Massachusetts 
General Hospital, Allen Street; City Hospital, Harri- 
son Avenue ; Quincy Market, adjoining Faneuil Hall ; 
Boston Public Library, Boylston Street; Masonic 
Temple, corner Tremont and Boylston Streets, etc. 
Other erections of interest, the Boston Water Works 
(Reservoir), Derne Street ; the Bridges, connecting 
the various suburbs with the city proper ; the Wliarves 
(Long, India, Central, Commercial, etc.), several of 
them of great extent and the system the best on the 
Continent. 



ROUTE NO. 4:.— EASTERN. 119 

Of Monuments, of course, the first place is taken 
by tlie Bunker Hill Monument^ on Breed's Hill, site 
of the Ee volution ary battle of the first name. It is 
a plain obelisk of granite, of great height, ascended 
from within, and from the top commanding a most 
extensive and magnificent view. Near it stands the 
Warren Statue, in honor of Dr. Joseph Warren, who 
fell in the battle. In State House, statue of Wash- 
ington, by Chantrey ; and in front of same building, 
bronze statues of Daniel Webster and Horace Mann 
(great Massachusetts organizer of education). In 
front of City Hall, colossal Franklin, before noticed. 
In Public Garden, equestrian Washington, by Thos. 
Ball, also before noticed. 

Churches of prominence : St. PauVs (Episcopd), 
Tremont Street ; Christ Church (date 1722), Salem 
Street ; Old South (date 1730), Washington and 
Milk Streets; i?m^i5?e AS'^ref^ (Unitarian— date 1773), 
Brattle Street ; ^/??^'5 Chapel (Unitarian — date 1750), 
Tremont and School Streets; Parle Street (QongTQ- 
gational, with finest spire in the city), Park Street, 
facing Tremont; Central (Congregational: consid- 
ered the handsomest in the City), Berkeley and New- 
bury Streets; Trinity (Episcopal — date 1735), Sum- 
mer and Hawley Streets; Tremont Temple (general 
devotional) Tremont Street ; Immaculate Conception 
(Roman Catholic), Harrison Avenue, &c., &c. 

In Libraries and Literary Institutions Boston is 
peculiarly rich, the intellectual and educational 
status of the City being especially enviable. Among 



120 SEORT-TEIP GUIDE 

tlie more notable libraries may be mentioned the 
Boston FuUic Library ; the AtJiencBum, (with gal- 
lery of paintings and scn]pti-re); the Mercantile; 
Aineric.an Acadewy of Arts and Sciences ; Natural 
History Society ; Massachusetts Historical Society ; 
Slate, Laio, General Theological, and others. 

Commercial Buildings of much merit in arcl^itec- 
ture abound in Boston ; though many of the finest 
on Franlclin, Devoiishire, Summer, Washington, 
Congress, and other streets, were destroyed in the 
great fire of November, O-lOtb, 1872 — the largest 
ever occurring in America, after that of Chicago, and 
involving the loss of $70,000,000. Boston has won- 
derful pow^-'rs of recnperation, and o"reat intrinsic 
resources, however ; and already displays all its 
former magnificence, with many improvements. 

Principal Theatres, etc. the Boston Theatre (opera- 
house, at intervals), Washington Street; Glohe 
Tlieatre (late Selwyn's), Washington Street ; Boston 
Micsetcm, Tremont Street ; Howard Athenmum, How- 
ard Street; Music Hall, AVihter Street, near Tre- 
mont (with organ of ioimense size and power, se- 
cond in the Avorld), etc. Prominent Hotel Build- 
ings (also Hotels): the ^mmc«^, Hanover Street; 
Parker, School Street; SI. James, Newton Street; 
United States, Beach Street; Tremont, Tremont 
Street ; Revere, Bowdoin Square, etc. 

Excursions from the City, on foot, by horse-car, 
or carriage, include those to Harvaed University, 
Cambridge, with 15 buildings, an Anatomical Mu- 



ROUTE NO. 4:.-^EASTEEK 121 

seura, an Observatory, and the first educational rank 
in the Western World ; to the Washington Read 
Quarters (now residence of Professor Longfellow, the 
poet,) also at Cambridge, with Tree, nnder which 
Washington took command of the American forces ; 
to Ifount Auburn Cemetery^ four miles from the city, 
with Tower, commanding excellent view; Chapel, 
containing stained windows, busts of Adams, Win- 
throp, Story, &c, ; and Spurzheim, Bowditch, and 
other handsome and attractive monuments in the 
grounds; to Forest Hill and Mount Hope Cemete- 
ries, Roxbury ; to Woodlaion Cemetery, near Chelsea ; 
to CocMtuate Lake, whence the water-supply for Bos- 
ton is drawn : to WenJiam Lake, whence is derived 
most of the American ice-supply for Europe ; to 
Fresh Fond, a place of summer resort near Mount 
Auburn, etc. Those by boat or carriage will include 
Nahant, bold headland on the east of the harbor, 
once a fashionable watering-place, and always cool, 
attractive and pleasant ; Lynn, near Nahant, famous 
as the head of the shoe-manufacture of the world ; 
CJielsea Beach, 8wampscott and Phillips^ Beach, 
northward of Nahant ; Nantashet Beach, south side 
of the harbor, etc. 

From Boston, also, may be conveniently reached 
[by Boston and Lowell railroad], 

Lowell, large and thriving town on the Merri- 
mac Eiver, at its junction with the Concord. It is 
the largest of the American manufacturing towns, 
and considered the Manchester of the Western 



122 SEORT-TEIP GUIDE. 

World, not less than 50 to 60 large mills being em- 
ployed in the manufacture of cottons, prints, woollens, 
etc., and the operative labor reaching to the number 
of from 14,000 to 15,000, a large majority females, of 
rare intelligence for their class. The Paivtuclcet 
Falls, near the city, furnish the water-power for all 
the Mills, many of which, with the Falls themselves 
and some of the principal buildings and public 
grounds of the town, are worth examination. Lead- 
ing Hotels : the Merrimac, Washington, and Ameri- 
can. [Rail connection to Groton for all points 
westward; to Nashua, for points northward; to 
Lawrence, eastward, etc.J 

May also be conveniently reached from Boston, 
south-eastward, [Old Colony road], 

Plymouth (" Plymouth Kock"), place of landing 
of the Pilgrim Pathers, with Pilgrims^ Hall and 
many interesting relics of the early settlement ; and 

New Bedfokd, on Vineyard Sound, at the head 
of what remains of the whaling business, and a sea- 
port of picturesque location and prominence ; or [by- 
same and Cape Cod railroad]. 

Cape Cod, Yarmouth, Hyannis, and all that wild 
and desolate but interesting section of the Atlantic 
coast. 

May also be conveniently reached from Boston, 
(by Eastern railway, by Somervillo, South Maiden, 
Chelsea, Lynn and Swampscott), 

Salem, very old town and port on the coast, with 
a certain celebrity on account of the witch-burnings 



ROUTE NO. 4..— EASTERN. 123 

and other events of Colonial times, and very pictur- 
esque in location and many of its buildings ; but 
much more notable, now, as at one time the residence 
of Nathaniel Hawthorne and scene of his " House of 
the Seven Gables" and other stories. Also (by 
Fitchburg Kailway), 

Concord, on the Concord branch of the Merrimac 
River, noted for beauty of scenery in the neighbor- 
hood, and in connection with the literary labors of 
Henry D. Thoreau, Hawthorne, and others. 

Also may be visited by rail from Boston, or from 
Fall River (New York boat), or by steamer from 
New Bedford, 

Martha's Vijs'eyard, island off the coast, spot 
selected every year in August for the great annual 
Camp-Meeting of the Methodist denomination, and 
now becoming a place of popular resort for bathing 
and sea-shore residence, with hotels. (May also be 
reached, direct from New York, by steamer for 
Portland). 



ROUTE NO. 5 -EASTERN. 

;boston to poutland, Quebec an^d Montreal, by 

bostol^ akd maine, eastern, and grand 

trunk roads. 

Division A. 

BOSTON TO AND AT PORTLAND, BY BOSTON AND 
MAINE ROAD. 

Leave Boston by rail on the Boston and Maine 
railroad, by Medford, Melrose, South Reading Junc- 
tion [connection for North Danvers, Georgetown 
and Neivhuryporf], Eeading, Wilmington Junction 
[connection for Lowell], and minor stations, to 

Lawrence, large manufacturing town of the State 
of Massachusetts, with heavy specialty of cotton and 
prints, lying on the Merrimac Kiver, whence, by 
means of a dam, the important water-power is de- 
rived. Some of the mills are of immense size and 
capacity, employing operators to the number of thou- 
sands. Has a Common, Sk City Hall, and other build- 
ings worth notice ; and an Operative Library form- 
ing a special feature. [Railway connection with 
Lowell, and thence with Nashua and the North, 
with Boston and the South, &c. ; also Northwest 
with Manchester, Concord, &c.] 

Lawrence by N. Andover, Bradford [connection 
for Georgetown and Newhuryport^ Haverhill (with 
fine long Bridge over the Merrimac to Bradford, and 



ROUTE NO. n.— EASTERN. 125 

some educational institutions of prominence), Atkin- 
son, Newton, &c., to 

Exeter, New Hampshire, lying on Exeter River, 
and a place of importance in coasting commerce ana 
manufactures ; thence by S. Newmarket to 

Newmarket Junction [connection west to Concord 
and the Franconia Eange of the White Mountains ; 
and east to 

Portsmouth, New Hampshire, on the Piscataqua 
River, second city of the State in importance, with 
a large and very fine harbor ; a United States Navy 
Yard; and a connection, by bridge, with Kittery, 
Maine, also an important naval station. From 
Portsmouth can be reached Rye Beach and Hampton 
Beach, attractive bathing-places on the New Hamp- 
shire coast, and the Ides of Shoals, off the coast, 
celebrated fishing and summer resorts.] 

Pursuing the main line, Newmarket Junction, by 
Newmarket, Durham, &c. (within sight of the broad 
Piscataqua) to 

Dover, New Hampshire, thriving town on the 
Piscataqua. [Connection, west, for Alton Bay, Lake 
Winnepesaukie, and the White Mountains.] 

Dover, by Salmon Falls [connection for Great 
Falls, Rochester, and to Alto?t Bay, &c.J ; by South 
Berwick Junction [connection eastward for Kittery 
and Portsmouthi ; by Wells, Kennebunk, Biddeford, 
8a,co (large manufacturing village on the Saco River, 
with extensive water-power and very handsome 
Laurel Hill Cemetery), West Scarboro, Cape Eliza- 
beth, and minor stations, to 



126 SBOBT-TRIP GUIDE. 

POETLAN"D, commercial metropolis of the State of 
Maine, and one of the most important cities of the 
East, lying on a peninsula at the Southwest of Casco 
Bay, with a very handsome and convenient location 
and one of the deepest and best harbors on the At- 
lantic coast. The harbor has many fine islands, and 
is defended by Fort Freble and other extensive forti- 
cations. A great fire, in 1866, destroyed a large por- 
tion of the city, but the marks are now only visible 
in the increased beauty of the well-laid-out and 
handsomely-shaded city. From the Observatory, 
overlooking the harbor, fine views can be caught 
over the sea and coast, and over the distant country, 
West to the White Mountains. The most extensive 
thoroughfare is Congress street, which runs the whole 
distance of the peninsula. Among the most notable 
buildings are the City Hall, Court House, Marine 
Hospital, and some of the churches, manufacturing 
and commercial structures. The Atheneum and 
Mercantile Library have fine libraries; and the 
Natural History Society possesses an excellent cabi- 
net of varied character. Excursions irom Portland 
include the Islands in the Bay ; Cape Elizabeth, a 
favorite bathing and fishing resort on south side of 
tne Bay; Sebago Pond ; and many of minor inter- 
est. Prominent Hotels at Portland: the Falmouth, 
Freble, &g. 

[The Allan Lilies of steamships between Liver- 
pool and Glasgow, and Halifax, Quebec and Mon- 
treal, make Portland an important depot at all sea- 



BO UTE NO. 5. —EASTERN. 137 

sons and the port and end of sea-route in the winter 
season.] 

[Railway connection from Portland southward, 
by route just traversed; to Montreal and Quebec, by 
Grand Trunk (see route following); to Aiigiiata, 
Bangor, Moosehead Lake, &c., by the Maine Central; 
to Lake Winnepesaukie and the White Mountains, 
by the North New Hampshire, &c.] 

Division B. 

BOSTON TO POKTLAKD, BY EASTERlf KAILROAD. 

Leave Bostoni by rail on the Eastern Railroad, by 

Ltnk, important manufacturing town, on the 
upper side of Boston Harbor, with specialty of the 
most extensive shoe-manufacturing in the world; by 

Salem, old town and port on the coast, with an 
important history in colonial times, and interesting 
reminiscences of Hawthorne (see p. 122); by 

Beverly, celebrated as the home of the peculiar 
New England dish, " baked-beans " (connections 
eastward to Gloucester and Cape Ann) ; by Ipswich ; 

by 

Newburtport, town and coasting-seaport of 
prominence, lying at the mouth of the Merrimac 
River, with a fine harbor and much beauty in loca- 
cation and surroundings, and by many considered 
one of the handsomest to"vns in Massachusetts. 
Hotel, the Merrimac House, [Connection west for 
Bradford, Lowell, &c.] 



128 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Newburyport to 

Salisbury, small town of age and past importance, 
and with a mingled celebrity as the place where 
many considerable events in colonial history oc- 
curred, of which, and past residents, many inter- 
esting monuments remain in the neighborhood — as 
also as the birthplace of the mother of Daniel "Web- 
ster, as that of Caleb Gushing, &c. [Connection 
westward is made from Salisbury to Ameshury, pil- 
grimage of no secondary importance as the home of 
one of the first of American poets, John" G. 
Whittier.] 

Salisbury to 

POETSMOUTH, leading seaport and naval depot, 
belonging to the State of New Hampshire, and the 
only marine port of the State ; lying at the mouth 
of the Piscataqua Eiver, with fine harbor, United 
States Navy Yard, costly dry-docks, and all appur- 
tenances of such a station ; also with some interest- 
ing churches, many fine buildings (some very old — 
among others the Langdon residence), tomb of Sir 
William Pepperell, well shaded streets, and much 
celebrity as a place of summer resort, of itself and 
as a place of departure for Rye Beach, Ham'pton 
Beachy the Isles of Shoals, and other hot-weather 
habitats. (See p. 125.) Hotels, the Philirick 
Rochingham, City, &c. 

Across the Piscataqu^lies the town of 

Kittery, Maine, virtually a part of Portsmouth, 



ROUTE NO. n— EASTERN. 138« 

though in another State, and forming also a part of 
the naval station. 

Portsmouth to 

Conway Junction (connection westward for Con- 
way and the White Mountains). To 

8outh Berwick Jimction. [Connection with the 
Boston and Maine road, from the southward — iden- 
tical with this route thence by KennehunTc, Bidde- 
ford and Saco to Portlan^d.] (See p. 126.) 

Division C. 

PORTLAND TO QUEBEC OR MONTREAL. 

Leave Portland by rail on the Grand Trunk Eail- 
way, by minor stations to Yarmouth Junction [con- 
nection for Aiigusta. capital of the State of Maine, 
lying on the Kennebec River ; for Bangor, important 
town on the Penobscot Eiver ; and for towns and 
sections farther east] ; to Danville Junction [con- 
nection for Bangor, for Slcoiohegan and Moosehead 
Lake] ; by minor stations to Gorham, at the north- 
ern edge of the White Mountains [important inter- 
sections, by stage-coaches, to and from the mountain 
towns and resorts ; and views of the mountains, in 
fine weather, peculiarly striking, from all this section 
of the road] ; to Island Pond [connection, south- 
westward, with the Connecticut and Passumpsic 
Eiver Eailway, from Vermont and Franconia Notch 
sections] ; to Stanstead [carriage communication 
with Lake Memphreraagog] ; to Sherlrook [another 



128J BHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

connection with tlie Connecticut and Passnmpsic 
River line] ; to Richmond [point of divergence of 
the branches of the Grank Trunk road, to Montreal 
and Quebec]. 

Pursuing the route to Montreal: Richmond by 
St. Hyacinthe, St. Brune, St. Hilaire, and other un- 
important stations, to St. Laiiibert^ on the St. Law- 
rence River, the Victoria Bridge and Montreal. 

Pursuing the route to Quebec: Richmond by 
Danville, AHJia'basca [connection by Bulstrode, to 
Doiccefs Landing, on St. Lawrence River, at lower 
end of Lake St. Peter; thence by ferry to lliree 
Rivers, Canada] ; by Becancour, Black River, and 
minor stations, to Chaudiere Junction [connection 
for Riviere du Loup and Lower St. Lawrence] ; to 
Point Levi, on the St. Lawrence, whence ferry to 
Queiec. 

[For notes of Montreal and Quebec, see Canadian 
routes.] 



ROUTE NO. 6 -NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 

BOSTOIT TO LAKE WIKNIPESAUKIE, THE WHITE 

MOUKTAINS AKD POKTLAND (OPTION OF CANA- 

DIA2^ cities) — BY BOSTOIT AND MAII^E RAIL- 

EOAD, &C. 

Leaye Boston by Boston and Maine railroad, as by 
route to Portland, &c. As by that route, to 

Dover, New Hampshire. Thence Dover arid "Win- 
nipesaukie road, by Gonic, Rochester [junction with 
road from Salmon Falls by Great Falls, and its ex- 
tension northward to Unionville] Farmington, 
Davis', New Durham and Alton, to 

Alton Bay, Sit the extreme southern point of Lake 
Winnipesauhie — pleasant residence, with fine views 
of the Lake and mountains northward, but deriving 
its principal importance from the railway and 
steamer transit through it. From Alton Bay a visit 
should be paid, if time allows, before proceeding 
northward, by " Lady of the Lake '^ or other staunch 
little steamers on the Lake, to 

TVOLFBORO', on the eastern side of the Lake, a 
charming summer resort, with fine views, excellent 
sailing and fishing, and much attraction and popu- 
larity as a residence. Hotel : the Pavilion. [Stage- 
coach may be taken at Wolfboro', for proceeding 
northward to Conway, without visiting Centre Har- 



130 HHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

bor ; but this course is scarcely advisable on a first 
visit] Wolfboro', again by steamboat, through 
charming lake- scenery, to 

Centke Harbor, larger village on the northern 
shore of the Lake, the location of which is considered 
unequalled by many tourists, as the Lake itself, 
with its exquisite combination of island groups and 
wooded shore, with bold mountains forming a back- 
ground in all northerly directions, is one of the 
very finest in America and with few superiors 
elsewhere. Leading Hotel: the Senter House, 
Among the finest points of mountain view, from 
Centre Harbor and elsewhere on the Lake, may be 
named Mounts SalmonhrooJc, WIdteface; Ossipee, 
Major, Cldcorua, Red Mountain (ascent by carriage 
and on horseback), Kearsarge and Monadnoclc. 
Many and charming excursions are made from the 
village, on the lakes, to the mountains and elsewhere; 
and among the most notable is that to Squam 
Lake, lying a few miles west of Winnipesaukie 
very romantic in scenery, and supplying rare trout 
and other fishing. 

At Centre Harbor stage-coach is taken, for re- 
mainder of the route northward to the White Moun- 
tains. This affords one of the most magnificent 
rides attainable in the world, especially if fine 
weather allows outside seats on the coach to be 
nsed. The road leads up the Saco Eiver, along the 
charming Convjay Valley, with views of the Lake 
district lingering behind, and others of the great 



RO TJTE NO. Q.— NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 131 

mountain section continually changing ahead, and 
with Mount Washington, the monarch of the east- 
ern range, often in sight. This ride terminates at 

North Conway, a picturesque village lyicg in the 
yalley, from which the views of the White Kange are 
something, in comparison, like those of Mt. Blanc 
from Chamounix, while the number of easy excur- 
sions to celebrated points is almost unequalled. It 
is here that many of the artists' summer sketches, 
especially of Kearsarge and Chicorua and the higher 
peaks of the White Mountains, all in full view, are 
made ; while the Ledges (grand perpendicular cliffs, 
nearly one thousand feet in height) Artists' Brook 
the CatlieUral, Diana's Bath, &c., are within conve 
nient reach. Prominent Hotels : the Kearsarge, 
Washington, McMillan, Cliff, etc. 

North Conway, by stage-coach or carriage, through 
Pinhham Notch, surrounded by the lesser giants of 
the White Eange, to the 

Glen" House, with much fine scenery in the neigh- 
borhood, but especially notable as being the nearest 
of any of the mountain resorts to the great peaks of 
the White Range, and giving the rarest views of 
them — as well as the point from which the ascent of 
Mount Washington is made, by rail. Among the 
points of interest to be visited from the Glen, are 
Thompson's and Gleii Ellis Falls, the former on the 
Peabody River, some two miles from the hotel, 
and the latter on the Ellis, about four miles ; the 
Crystal Cascade, near Glen Ellis; Garnet and 



133 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Emerald Pools, with peculiar colors indicated by 
their names, &c. But the speciality of the Glen 
House, as before noted, is the 

Ascent of Mount Washington, by railway. The 
features of this ascent need no description, especially 
to those who have made Alpine crossings by rail. 
It is considered eminently safe, has little fatigue in- 
volved, and certainly supplies all the elements of the 
picturesque and the exciting. Stout clothing is ad- 
visable, if not always necessary. This ascent being 
made in the morning, the top of the giant will be 
reached at the most favorable hour, and the wonder- 
ful view from the summit enjoyed, if the capricioub 
weather allows that great privilege. This view is 
quite equal to that from the Rhigi or Pilatus, over 
Switzerland, though perhaps lacking the variety in 
scenery. To the west, in bright weather, are seen 
the higher peaks of the Green Mountains of Ver- 
mont ; southwest, some of the White and many ot 
the Franconia Eange — especially Lafayette; north 
and north-east, the other great peaks of the White 
Kange, and more distant the mountains of Canada ; 
east the sea, beyond Portland ; southeast and south 
those surrounding Lake Winnipesaukie, and that 
Lake itself; while various rivers, small lakes, towns 
and hamlets combine to make up a picture of mar- 
vellous extent and beauty. Dinner is provided at 
the Tip'To]) House, on the summit, where during 
the last seasons scientists have resided all winter, to 
make observations. 



BO UTE NO. Q.— NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 133 

Horses (kept in waiting) and guides should be 
taken at the summit, and the descent made in the 
other direction, crossing Mts. Franklin, Monroe and 
Pleasant ; and the three wondrous gulfs, the Gulf 
of Mexico^ Tuckerman^s Ravine, and Oakes^ Gulf 
(some or all of them containing deep snow in 
midsummer) will be pointed out by the guides. 
At the end of nine miles' descent will be reached 
the 

Crawfoed House, lying in what is now called 
the Willey Notch, and nearly at the foot of Mt, 
Crawford, while Mt. Webster and other giants of the 
range show grandly northward. The most marked 
feature in the neighborhood of the Crawford, is 
the 

Willey House^ standing at a short distance up the 
Notch, where in 1826 a landslide from the mountain 
above destroyed the family of the same name, and 
their residence — of which catastrophe many relics 
are yet pointed out and a few of them still offered 
for sale. From the Crawford may also be made 
the 

Ascent of Mt. Willard, practicable either by car- 
riage or on foot, and affording a most magnificent 
series of yiews from near the summit ; as also visit 
to the DeviVs Den, a cave of peculiar wildness and 
some danger of access. Also may be visited, from the 
Crawford, GMs' Falls, a cascade of much beauty, 
reached by short walk from the house. 

From the Crawford House, by stage-coach or car- 



134 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

riage, by the Wliite Mountain House, Falls of the 
Ammonoosuc, and Bethlehem, to the 

Profile House, in the Franconia Notch. 

[For notes on the Profile House and neighbor- 
hood, see termination of route: "New York to the 
White Mountains, by New London, &c." — Route 
No. 7.] 

[The tourist who has made his arrival at the 
Franconia Notch by the just completed route from 
Boston, and who yet wishes to return southward 
without proceeding to either Quebec or Montreal, 
should pursue one of the following named routes in 
return, for the sake of variety in direction and 
scenery. 1st. From Littleton (stage-coach from the 
Profile House), by rail by Wells River, Plymouth, 
Weir's Landing, Concord, Worcester and New Lon- 
don, and steamboat of Norwich and Worcester line 
from New London to New York. (See route No. 
7 : " New York to the White Mountains," reversing.) 
Or, 2d. From Littleton to Wells River, and con- 
tinue by rail by White River Junction, Bellows 
Falls, Springfield, Hartford and New Haven to New 
York. Or, 3d. From Littleton to Wells River, 
White River Junction, Bellows Falls, Rutland, Troy 
or Albany ; and down the Hudson River by boat or 
rail to New York. Or, 4th. From Littleton to Wells 
River, White River Junction, Burlington, boat on 
Lake Champlain to Ticonderoga (for Lake George) 
or Whitehall, Saratoga, Albany or Troy, and boat 
or. rail to New York.] 



ROUTE NO. Q.— NORTHERN AND EASTERN 135 

[To go northward from Littleton to Montreal or 
Quebec. For Montreal, to White River JuncUoUy 
thence to Burlington, St. Alhan^s. and St. Jolm^s to 
the Victoria Bridge and Montreal. For Quebec, 
to Wells River., Newport (Lake Memphremagog), 
Lenoxville., Richmond and Arthabasca^ to Point Levi 
and ferry to Quebec] 



ROUTE NO. 7 -NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 

NEW YORK TO THE WHITE MOUNTAINS AND CANADA, 

BY NEW LONDON, NORWICH AND WORCESTER, 

LAKE WINNIPESAUKIE, ETC. ; OR BY NEW 

LONDON AND NORTHERN ROAD. 

Division A, 

BY NEW LONDON, NORWICH AND WORCESTER, 
MERRI3IAC AND WINNIPESAUKIE ROUTE. 

Leave New York at 5 P. M., on Sound, by Nor- 
wich and Worcester boat, as by corresponding line 
for Boston. (See Boston route : " By boat by New 
London, &c.") As by that route, to Neiu London^ 
Norwich, and to 

Worcester, point of separation of the trains east- 
ward for Boston and northward for the Mountains. 
Worcester to 

Groton Junction [connections eastward for Con- 
cord and Boston; also eastward for Lowell and 
Lawrence; also westward for the Hoosic Tunnel 
(immense work of engineering, on the Mt. Cenis 
plan, not yet completed), for Albany, Troy, &c.] 
Very soon after leaving Groton Junction comes into 
view the Merrimac River, with the striking and pic- 
turesque scenery of the 

Valley of the Merrimac, considered among the 



RO UTE NO. 1. —NORTHERN' AND EASTERN 137 

finest rivers in New England, and thenceforward ac- 
companying the traveler almost to the foot of the 
mountains. Next important point is 

Manchester, New Hanipshire, large and thriving 
manufacturing village, on the Merrimac, the mills 
and some other factories worthy of attention from 
those whose leisure permits stoppage, but showing 
even more than ordinary interest in manufacturing 
detail, even from the train. Hotel : the Manchester 
House. Manchester, still along the Merrimac, to 

Concord, capital of the State of New Hampshire, 
lying on the same river, and presenting many points 
of attraction for visitor residence. It has handsome 
public grounds; notable public buildings, in the 
State House (recently rebuilt), the State Lunatic 
Asylum, State Prison, and some of the municipal 
and other erections ; and Main street, the principal 
thoroughfare, is remarkably long, fine and well 
kept. It has great granite quarries in the neighbor- 
hood, a considerable amount of manufactures and 
much general prosperity. Leading Hotel : the Eagle 
House. [Connection by rail, eastward to Dover, 
Portsmouth, &c.; westward to the Connecticut 
Valley routes northward and southward, &c.] Con- 
cord (with distant but very fine views of the Win- 
nipesaukie and White Mountains commencing, and 
thence continuing, with infinite variations, to the 
end of the route), by Sanbornton and other stations 
to 

Weirds Landing, at the western edge of Lake 



188 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Winnipesaulcie, with very fine views over the Lake 
and its many islands. [Connection, by boat on the 
Lake, for Centre Harlor or Wolfboro', and thence by 
stage-coach for Conway and the White Range.] 
Weir's Landing, by Meredith, &c., to 

Plymouth, at the foot of the mountains, with 
splendid views southward and many attractions as a 
place of sojourn. Hotel : the Feniigaiu asset. (Lei- 
surely pause, for dinner). 

[At Plymouth stage-coach or private carriage 
may be taken, for the splendid drive of twenty-five 
to thirty miles, up through the Valley of the Pemi- 
gaiuasset, to the Profile House — during which a se- 
ries of views will be enjoyed, approachiDg ihQ moun- 
tains, not often equalled in any land.] 

From Plymouth, by rail, literally among the moun- 
tains, and among glorious scenery, to 

Wells River [connection westward for 3Io%tpelier 
(capital of the State of Vermont) and JSTorthern 
Vermont; southward for White River Junction. 
Route may also be pursued northward, either before 
or after visiting the Franconia Notch, to Neiupori 
and the beautiful Lake Memphremagog, lying on 
the border between Vermont and Canada, and ofier- 
ing fine views, picturesque scenery, excellent fishing, 
and many other attractions. Or, the same route 
may be pursued, to Newport, thence on by way of 
Richmond, &c., to Quebec, or bending westward 
from Richmond, to Montreal.] 

Wells River, through even grander scenery than 
that from Plymouth, to 



ROUTE NO. 1. —NORTHERN AJW EASTERN. 139 

Jjittlet07iy small village at the entrance of the Fran- 
con ia Notch, whence stage-coach is taken, for the 
ride through the Notch, with many of the best 
features of American mountain scenery, to the 

Profile House. [For notes on the Profile House 
and neighborhood, see immediately following.] 

Divis'ion B. 

BY NEW LONDOK AND THE NEW LONDON NORTH- 
ERN ROUTE, 

New York by Norwich and Worcester boat on the 
Sound, 5 P. M., as by route just concluded, to 

Neiu London. (Later rest is secured, by this 
route, than by that by Worcester and Winnipesau- 
kie, from the non-necessity of taking the train until 
5 A. M.) From New London by rail, by Norwich, 
through a very pleasant and prosperous part of the 
State of Connecticut, and past villages embodying 
large mdinufacturing interests ; by Willimantic (man- 
ufacturing village, with railway connections west- 
ward to the Hartford, Providence and Fishkill road) ; 
by Tolland, Stafford, Monson, &c., to Palmer [con- 
nections eastward to Worcester and Boston, west- 
ward to Springfield, for either Hartford, New Haven 
and New York, or Pittsfield, Albany and Troy], 
Palmer to Amherst, where the peculiarly splendid 
scenery of the line, embodying the bold character- 
istics of the Green Mountain region of Vermont, 
may be said properly to begin, continuing thence all 
the way to White River Junction. Amherst to 



UO SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Groufs Corners, important station. [Connections, 
eastward to Fitchhurg, Groton and Bosxoisr; west- 
ward to Greenfield^ North Adams, &c., and to 
Albany and Troy.] Grout's Corners, by South 
Vernon, to 

Brattleboro, Vermont, thriviDg town on the 
Connecticut River, with some manufactures, a spe- 
cialty of being markedly healthy as a residence, and 
a State Lunatic Asyhim bearing a yery high reputa- 
tian. Brattleboro to 

Belloius Falls, also on the Connecticut River, de- 
riving its singular name from an ancient peculiarity 
of the river in the neighborhood. [Con*nections 
northwest to Rutland, Burlmgton, Lake Champlain, 
&c. ; and southeast to Keene, Groton, Boston, &c.] 
Bellows Falls by Claremont and Windsor, to 

WJiite River Junction, at the intersection of the 
White River with the Connecticut, important place 
of transfer in cross-travel. [Connections, west to 
Rutland, Whitehall, Saratoga, &c.; northwest to 
Montpelier, Burlington, Rouse's Point and Canada ; 
east to Concord, Salem, Boston, &c.] White River 
Junction to 

Wells River. [Northern connections to Newport, 
Lake Memphremagog, Quebec or Montreal, as in last 
previous route.] 

Wells River to Littleton ; thence by stage-coacb 
as before noted, to the 

Profile House. 



RO UTE NO. l.—NORTHEBN AND EASTERN. 141 
Division C, 

at an"d about the profile house (fr^ncoiq^ia 

notch). 

Probably no section of mountain scenery in 
America, of like extent, presents so many points of 
interest and beauty as appear in the Franconia 
Notch, though in the detail of absolute grandeur it 
can by no means claim the same distinction. 
Taking the Profile House as the central point, the 
principal object§ may be found grouped around it 
within yery brief distance, as follows : 

Eclio Lalce, lying within a few hundreds of yards, 
embosomed in fine woods, under the brow of Eagle 
Cliffy afibrding fine views of ML Lafayette, charm- 
ing boating, arid a repetition of eclioes (from the 
Cliff), scarcely second to those of the Eagle's ISTest 
at Killarney. "^ The 

Cannon Mountain, at the base of which the Pro- 
file House stands, and ascended from it, with mod- 
erate difficulty, a magnificent view being the re- 
ward. On the top of the mountain, at near the brow 
overhanging the valley, some rocks, singularly dis- 
posed, suggest the shape of a Cannon^ mounted on 
its carriage, whence the name; and the extreme 
brow of the mountain itself forms, in a peculiar com- 
bination of great rocks, the - 

Old Man of the Mountain, colossal face, sixty feet 
in height from chin to brow, hanging over the im- 
mense gulf, and perfect in every detail of a majestic 



143 SBOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

human face, as seen from the road at some distance 
below the Profile (which of course takes its name 
from that view). Below this, which is undoubtedly 
the most striking single curiosity of all the range, 
lies the little Profile Lake, sometimes called the 
'^Old Man's Bath," or " Washbowl," or "Mirror," 
affording a wonderful reflection of the stony face in 
calm weather, and said to be full of fine trout. A 
mile below the Profile is to be reached (ride or 
walk), the Basin, pool of remarkable shape and 
character, and Old Man's Foot, lyiQg in it in colos- 
sal stone. Thence,, fiye miles further, the Flume 
Hoiise, summer resort, now disused ; and near it 

Ttie Flume, only second to the Old Man of the 
Mountain as a great natural curiosity, being an im- 
mense fissure or split in the solid rock of the moun- 
tain, varying from 10 to 20 feet in width, and the 
walls from 20 up to 100 feet in height, with a small 
rapid stream brawling over rough stones below, and 
a boarded walk up the gorge. At one point, a hugf» 
oval stone, of many tons in weight, hangs by the 
two points midway up the chasm ; and at another 
a dangerous bridge has been thrown over, at the 
top, by the falling of a tree. At no great distance 
from the Flume lies 

Tlie Pool, a literal hole in the rock, of great depth 
and singularity of appearance, reached by a difiicult 
climb down the bank, and formerly the abode of a 
strange madman named Merrill, who paddled visi 
tors round it in a crazy boat, declared it the "iiontro 



EO UTE NO. I.—NORTHEBN AND EASTERN. 143 

of the earth," and exhibited a letter to him from 
Queen Victoria, dated at the Kitchen of Bucking- 
ham Palace! 

From the front of the Flume House and neigh- 
borhood is to be seen a natural wonder of great 
prominence, the 

Dead Washington, being the profile face and form 
of that hero, in a recumbent position and as if 
shrouded, lying at a length of miles, the shape sup- 
plied by the shapes and position of several moun- 
tains of the Haystack group. May also be seen, be- 
tween the Profile and the Flume, at some distance 
from the road, Wallcefs Falls, a fine cascade ; and 
two miles below the Flume, Georgiana Falls, the 
largest in the range. 

Of Ascents from the Profile, besides that of the 
Cannon, the principal are those of 

Moimt Lafayette, the highest peak of the Franco- 
nia Range, and commanding a fine yiew, with only 
a limited amount of toil (horseback or foot) — and 
Bald Mountain, a lower elevation, but still with fine 
view (carriage). 

[From the Profile House to Craioford Housey 
(carriage) for the White Eange and ascent of Mount 
Washington from that direction, with descent by 
rail to the Glen House; or to Littleton, Wells Eiver 
and White River Junction, for pursuance of the 
route to Canada.] 



ROUTE 8.-NEAR WESTERN. 

KEW TORK, BY EAIL, BY THE NEW JERSEY CITIES, 
TO AND AT PHILADELPHIA. 

Division A. 

NEW YORK TO PHILADELPHIA, BY THE PENKSYL- 
VAKIA RAILROAD. 

Leave New York by the Pennsylvania Eailroad, 
by ferry from foot of Cortlandt street, or foot of 
Desbrosses street: cross the Hudson river, to 

Jersey City, a large and thriving town, lying in 
the State of New Jersey, but really a suburb and 
connection of New York, with which most of its 
more important business interests are identified. It 
is growing and improving rapidly, is laying out pub- 
lic grounds, has extensive Water-Works, and enjoys 
the specialty of the Cunard Bocks near the ferry, 
from which sail all the steamers of that popular line. 
Hotels, Taylor'^s, American, FisJc's, &c. Prom Jer- 
sey City, by rail, across fiat and uninteresting 
country, to 

Newark, on the Passaic River, now largest city 
in the State, and one of the handsomest, as well as 
most important in point of manufactures, especially 
of leather, carriages and fancy work. [Reached by 
steamboat and other water- conveyance from New 



ROUTE NO. ^.^NEAB WESTERN. 146 

York. Also reached from New York by train on 
the Newark and New York road, from foot of 
Liberty street ; and (northern portion) by the Mor- 
ris aud Essex road, from foot Barclay street.] It is 
regularly laid out; has two handsome parks, many 
charming drives in the neighborhood ; a great num- 
ber and variety of the residences of the wealthy on 
Broad and other principal streets; some public 
buildings worthy of attention (including the Post 
Office^ City Hally County Court House and several 
of the many churches) ; and is famed for the excep- 
tional beauty of its female population, as seen on 
promenade or elsewhere. Hotel : the Neivarh House. 
From Newark visit may be paid to Orange, very 
beautiful village, lying near, at the north; to the 
Orange Mountains ; to the popular place of resort, 
Lleiuellyn Parle, &c. Or, they may be reached di- 
rectly from New York by the Morris and Essex 
road, foot of Barclay street.] Newark to 

Elizabeth, smaller town somewhat resembling 
Newark in appearance and general characteristics, 
though less notable in manufactures and possibly ex- 
celling the other in the finished beauty of some of 
its suburban grounds and wealthy residences. Has 
the specialty of being passed through, daily, by 
more railway trains than almost any other town in 
America, two great lines intersecting in it, and an 
immense coal-trade from Eastern Pennsylvania 
passing through it to its adjoining town and the 
principal entrepot and shipping-port of that article, 



146 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

EUzalethjJOrt. Rivals oSTewark in female beauty, in 
fashion and the wealth of residents. [Also reached 
from New York by the New Jersey Central road, 
foot of Liberty street.] Elizabeth to 

Rahioay, handsome village, also much affected as 
a residence of citizens, and with specialty of con- 
siderable manufactures, for the Southern and other 
markets. Eahway to 

New Bkunswick, one of ,the oldest towns in the 
State, though inferior in size to several others. It 
is pleasantly situated on the Earitan River, has a 
considerable amount of manufactures, and is the 
point of entrance into the Raritan River and Bay of 
the same name (Lower New York Bay), of the Dela-^ 
ware and Raritan Canal, horn, the Delaware River 
at Bordentown. Its principal celebrity, however, 
lies in its being the seat of Rutgers College, and the 
Theological Seminary of the Reformed Dutch 
Church, both old and influential institutions, hold- 
ing excellent rank. Among the buildings best worth 
notice, are those of the College, on an elevated 
square, within view from tlie railway; the Theo- 
logical Hall; the County Buildings, in the public 
square ; and several churches of prominence. Many 
fine drives are to be enjoyed by those making stay, 
into the handsome and well-cultivated country in 
the neighborhood, to Bound Broolc, &c. Leading 
Hotels, the Railroad, Bulls Head, &c. 

Beyond Nev/ Brunswick, the railway is accom- 
panied for much of the distance by the Delaware 



ROUTE NO. Q.—NBAE WESTERN: 147 

and Raritan Canal. At Monmouth Junction inter- 
section is made for Freeliol^d, the Battle Grou?id of 
Monmouth^ and south-eastern portions of the State. 
Next stopping place of importance, 

Peii^cetoi?" — Station, the town lying away at the 
right, though in sight, and steam connection in wait- 
ing. Princeton is another of the old and import- 
ant towns of the State, with a peculiar status in Eev- 
olutionary history as having been the scene of one of 
Washington's most memorable conflicts, of which the 
field extends from the town itself to what is called 
the " Battle Ground," more than a mile distant. Its 
more marked celebrity, howeyer, lies in its being the 
seat of the College of New Jersey (called alternately, 
" Princeton College," and often, from one of the 
oldest buildings, " N'assau Hall.") It is also the seat 
of the Theological Seminary of the Presbyterian de- 
nomination, in connection with the College, which 
has long enjoyed a very high reputation, and which 
is now presided over by the celebrated Scotch di- 
vine. Dr. McCosh, late of Queen's College, Belfast. 
The grounds of the College (like many of those of 
the town) are very handsome. Peale's " Washing- 
ton," in the College library, is a picture of merit and 
historical interest. To the College has also lately 
been added an Astronomical Olservatory, with fine 
instruments. 

Beyond Princeton is soon reached 

TRENTOiT, capital of the State of New Jersey, 
lying on the left or east bank of the Delaware river, 



148 SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

and famous as the scene of Washington's "Crossing 
the Delaware," January, 1777. It is a thriving manu- 
facturing town, especially preeminent in iron works ; 
and has very costly constructions connected with 
the passage through the town of the Delaware and 
Earitan Canal. [Railroad connection, north, for 
Belvidere, Easton, and the Upper Delaware and 
Pennsylvania Coal-Eegions ; and south to Borden- 
town, and by that route to Philadelphia.] The 
principal erections of prominence are the State 
HousBf modern and very handsome (with valuable 
Eevolutiouary memorials in the Library) ; the State 
Lunatic Asylum, Arsenal, Penitentiary, and some 
of the County buildings. The views over the Dela- 
ware and the Pennsylvania shore opposite, from 
some portions of the town, are very fine and memor- 
able. Prominent hotels, the American and Trenton, 

[Optional route may be taken, at Trenton, by 
rail, down the Delaware Eiver to Bordentoion and 
Camden, thence to Philadelphia by ferry. See 
Division B. of this route.] 

At Trenton the Delaware Eiver is crossed, by 
bridge, to the State of Pennsylvania, by 

Bristol, handsome and thriving village of that 
State, and by Franhford (with a United States 
Arsenal) to Kensington and West Philadelphia, point 
of debarkation for 

Philadelphia. 



ROUTE NO. Q.-NEAB WESTERN. 149 

Division B, 

NEW YOaK TO PHILADELPHIA, BY CAMDEK AND 
AMBOY KOUTE. 

Leave New York by Pennsylvania Railroad, from 
foot of Oortlandt street, or foot Desbrosses street, as 
by Division A, of this route ; by Jersey City 
Newark, and Elizaheth, to Rdhway. (See Division 
A.) Thence diverging to 

Woodbridge, handsome village on the creek of the 
same name, emptying into Staten Island Sound; 
thence to 

Perth Amboy, old but decayed seaport, once ex- 
pected to become the rival of New York, especially 
in the India and tea trade, and with the noted 
Thomas H. Smith tea warehouses still standing. 
From Perth Amboy by ferry (or bridge), to 

South Amboy, former place of debarkation from 
the New York steamers of the Camden and Amboy 
boat line. [From South Amboy, all-rail route 
to Keyport, Midclletown and Long Branch, of the 
Central Raih'oad of New Jersey.] From South 
Amboy continue by rail to 

Jamesburg, thriving small town, with State Reform 
School for Boys. [Connection southward to Freehold, 
thence to Long Branch and the south-east; and 
northward to Pennsylvania Railroad at Monmouth 
Junction^ for Newark, Trenton, &c.] Thence to 



150 SHORT TRIP GUIDE. 

Cranberry, HigMstown [connection to Perriberton 
and southwest] and 

BoEDEKTOWK, handsome large village on the 
Delaware, and point of entrance into that river of 
the Delaware and Raritan Canal ; famous as having 
long been the residence (at Point Breeze — grounds 
to the right) of Joseph Bonaparte, ex-king of Spain. 
[Connection by boat down the Delaware to Phila- 
delphia ; by rail to Tre7iton, &c.J Bordentown to 

BuELiNGTOiT, also lying on the Delaware, and 
considered one of the handsomest towns in the 
State. It is the seat of Bicrlingfon College (Episco- 
pal), and of several notable male and female schools. 
[Connection by boat to Philadelphia and Borden- 
town ; by rail to Mount Holly and other towns in the 
interior of the State.] Burlington by Beverley and 
other minor places, to 

Camden, on the Delaware, opposite Philadelphia- 
Thriving town, with much agricultural and some 
manufacturing industry, and residence of many 
Philadelphians. [Connection by West Jersey Rail- 
road southward to Bridgeton ; south-eastward to 
Millville and Cape May, favorite sea-coast resort 
at the Capes of the Delaware; eastward by the 
Camden and Atlantic to Atlantic City, another 
favorite waterlog place on the New Jersey coast of 
the Atlantic; and by Pemb. and Hightstown road to 
the New Jersey Southern, Long Brancli and New 
York]. Ferry across the Delaware to 

Philadelphia. 



ROUTE NO. S.—NBAB WESTERN. 150« 

Division C. 

NEW YORK TO PHILADELPHIA, BY THE "NEW 

line" — (n. J. CENTRAL, BOUND BROOK, 

AND NORTH PENN.) 

Leave New York by the New Jersey Central Eail- 
road, by boat from foot of Liberty street, to Long 
Dock, Communipaw. By cars of the New Jersey 
Central Road (see Eoute 13, pp. 206 and 207), to 
Elizabeth, Westfield, Plainjield (with Washington's 
Kock near), and intermediate stations, to 

Bound Brook, a village of some prominence on the 
Raritan River, a few miles above New Brunswick, to 
which there is stage communication from it, and 
also to Basking Ridge, beyond. Within two miles 
is "Chimney Rock," a somewhat celebrated land- 
mark of the neighborhood; and near Bound Brook 
was fought a battle between the British and Amer- 
icans, with defeat of the latter, in 1777; as also the 
American Army encamped a few miles to the north- 
west, in the winter of 1778-9. 

At Bound Brook the line is continued, taking the 
rail of the Delaware and Bound Brook road (though 
with no change of cars — the whole line being run 
under one management); within a short distance of 
Princeton (see Route 8, p. 147), to which present 
stage-connection, with branch-rail to follow ; by 
Hopewell to 

Yardleymlle, on the Delaware, where that river is 
crossed, on a new and magnificent iron bridge — the 
crossing affording fine view of the river and sur- 
roundings. (From Yardleyville to Teenton, con- 



1506 SHORT-TBIP GUIDE. 

nection by the Belvidere Delaware Kailroad; with 
branch of the " New Line" iu contemplation). From 
Yardleyville, through Bucks County, Pa., by New- 
town, to junctien with the Main Line of the North 
Pennsylvania Railroad, at 

Jenhintown. From Jenkintown, by the North 
Penn. road, direct to Philadelphia. 

[The North Pennsylvania Raih'oad, with which 
connection is here formed, as above noted, at Jen- 
kintown, supplies one of the great trunk lines of 
Pennsylvania, forming a favorite and most available 
route to the North, Niagara Falls, the Lakes, etc. 
By this line, for the North, from Philadelphl\, by 
Abington, Lansdale (connection to Doylestown and 
JVorristown), to 

Bethlehem, important town on the Susquehanna 
River (connection to Easton, etc., and the East). 
Thence by Lehigh Valle}' Railroad, through one of 
the most picturesque portions of Pennsylvania, along 
the Valley of the Lehigh, by Allentown (connection 
to New York and the East, by the "Allentown 
Line" — see Route 13); by Mauch Chunk; the Switch 
Back; Glen Onoko, etc., to 

"Wilkesbarre, important town and one of the great 
centres of the coal-region, lying on the Susquehanna 
River. (Harvey's Lake and the beautiful valley of 
Wyoming may be reached in a few miles drive). 
From Wilkesbarre, by the same road, to Waverley 
or Elmira, on the Erie road; and by the Lake Dis- 
tricts (Geneva, Cayuga, Seneca, etc.), to Niagara, 
the great Lakes, Canada, etc.] 



ROUTE NO. 8,—WEAB WESTERN. 161 

Division D. 

AT Aiq-D ABOUT PHILADELPHIA, WITH EXCTTfi- 

sioiq-s. 

Philadelphia, most important city of Pennsyl- 
vania, second in the Union in point of population, 
largest of all in the extent of ground comprised 
within city limits, and dividing with Boston the 
claim of being the most influential after the com- 
mercial metropolis — lies on the Delaware River, at 
about one hundred miles from its mouth at Dela- 
ware Bay, and above and very near the debouchure 
into that river of the Schuylkill, the latter stream 
running through the city at its western extremity 
and adding materially to the beauty and healthful- 
ness of location. It is well known to have been 
founded by William Penn, the Quaker, and to be 
the headquarters of his denomination (whence its 
soubriquet, the " Quaker City " ) ; and it enjoys, in 
addition, the distinction of being the most regu- 
larly built city on the continent if not in the world, 
the mass of its streets lying at right angles and 
giving it an appearance of primness alternately 
counted a charm and a blemish. From this latter 
feature, combined with all the streets running par- 
allel with the Delaware being numbered, from one 
upward — and the space between each of these 
streets, on the intersecting ones, numbered as one 
hundred, in supplying street-numbers — less diffi- 
culty is involved, in the stranger finding his way 



152 anORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

throiigli and about it, than through any other city 
in the world, of corresponding size. Still addition- 
ally it should be noted that the street-car system is 
wonderfully complete and perfect, routes crossing 
each other at short distances, and a system of 
"transfers" from one route to another making 
transit much easier and cheaper than it could other- 
wise be found. Carriage-hire, cheaper than in New 
York, though high; not differing materially from 
the same detail at Boston. 

Philadelphia has many notable Streets, of which 
the characteristics are worth study, for their indi- 
vidual and collective character. First among these 
is Cliestniit Street, at once business and fashionable, 
on which are located some of the best hotels, and 
which has by far the handsomest display of shop- 
fronts on the continent. N'ext to this, perhaps, is 
Market Street, wide thoroughfare, dividing the 
cross-streets into "North" and "South," and dis- 
playing much railway traffic and other heavy trade. 
Arch and Walnut are also both business streets of 
importance. The Exchange stands m Dock Street, 
between Walnut and Spruce; and much of the 
commercial and financial force of the city is to be 
found in that neighborhood, and near the Delaware, 
between SMpi)en Street, on the South, and Vine 
Street, on the North, and Front Street to Sixth 
Street, in the cross direction. Fourteenth Street is 
ordinarily called Broad Street, and has much fash- 
ion and many prominent buildings. Ridge and 



i 



ROUTE NO. ^.—NEAR WESTERN. 153 

Girard Avenues hold position as places of fashion- 
able residence, and drives leading to Girard College, 
Fairmount Park, etc. 

Of Public Buildings there are many of import- 
ance and interest. The first place is held, histori- 
cally, by Indejjendencc Hall, Chestnut street, nota- 
ble as having been the place of signing of the 
Declaration of Independence from Great Britain, 
Fourth of July, 1776. Some historical pictures of 
value, statues, and many relics are preserved there ; 
and . among others the " Liberty Bell," rung at the 
time of the Declaration, and bearing the strangely 
appropriate inscription: "Proclaim liberty through- 
out the land to all the inhabitants thereof." (Admis- 
sion to the Hall, every day, 9 to 2). The building 
and wings are now used as public offices, A re- 
cently erected statue of Washington fronts the main 
entrance. JSText of the public buildings in import- 
ance, is Girard College, on Ridge Avenue, some two 
miles from the city centre — the several buildings 
modern and of fine architecture, and the grounds 
handsome, but its principal celebrity (it has very 
little as an educational institution) lying in the 
strange will and bequest of Stephen Girard, the 
merchant, which founded it, and which among other 
odd features, allows no clergyman to enter it even 
on a visit. Next in importance is the United States 
Mint, Chestnut street, with very perfect and inter- 
esting processes and a splendid collection of coins 
(admission daily, 9 to 12). Besides these, there are 



154 SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

the Custom House (formerly the United States 
Bank), Chestnut street; the Exchange, Dock street; 
the University of Pen7isylvania, Ninth street near 
Chestnut; Jefferson Medical College, Tenth street 
near Chestnut; the Pennsylvania Hospital, Pine 
street ; Pennsylvania Insane Asylum, West Phila- 
delphia (with West's great picture of *' Christ Heal- 
ing the Sick ") ; U. S. Marine Hospital, near the 
Navy Yard; the Franklin Atheneum, and other 
library and literary buildings ; Pennsylvaoiia Acad- 
emy of Fine Arts (with many good pictures: open 
daily), Chestnut street ; Eastern Penitentiary, 
Coates street, near Girard College; Union League 
Cluh House, Broad street ; Masonic Temple, Broad 
street; Ledger Building, Sixth and Chestnut; and 
many Banks, Insurance Buildings, Kailway Offices 
and Dwellings, of much costly beauty. The office- 
erections of the Pennsylvania and Reading Rail- 
roads, on Fourth street, are especially notable, as 
well as the freight and market buildings of those 
roads on Market street. Among the noblest of the 
other buildings named, are Lippincotfs great Book- 
House, Market street ; the Mutual Life Insurance 
Building, Chestnut street ; Farmers'' Market, Mar- 
ket street; Girard Bank, Third street; Fidelity 
Deposit building. Provident Life building, Penn- 
sylvania Life building, Bank of the Republic, Old 
Masonic Temple, &c., all on Chestnut street; West- 
ern Saving Fund, Tenth and Walnut, &c. 
In Antiquities Philadelphia possesses, besides In- 



ROUTE NO. Q.-NEAB WE8TEEN. 155 

dependence Hall (already mentioned), Carpenter's 
Hall, Chestnut street, used for the first assembling 
of the Colonial Congress ; Hultzlieimer's, where 
Jefierson wrote the Declaration, cor. Market and 
Seventh streets ; the Grave of Franhlin, cor. Arch 
and Fifth streets; Indian Queen Hotel., once resi- 
dence of Jefferson, cor. Market and Front streets ; 
Penn Cottage, Letitia street, near Second; Penn 
Treaty Monument, Beach street, Kensington ; Old 
Sioedes^ Cliurcli, Swanson street; London Coffee 
House, Front and Market streets ; Birth-place of 
the Flag, 239 Arch street; the Old Penn House, 
near Fairmount ; Old Belmont Mansion, near Fair- 
mount ; part of Penn's Elm Tree, in collection of 
Historical Library Association ; and others of minor 
importance. 

Of Public Grounds Philadelphia has more than 
the average in both variety and beauty. Fair- 
mount Park, on the Schuylkill (in connection with 
the long-celebrated Fairmount Water- Worhs), is 
one of the largest parks in the world (containing 
over three thousand acres), with the Schuylkill, a 
noble and navigable river, running through it, and 
the upper portion containing the Wissahickon, a 
smaller river tributary to the Schuylkill, admitted 
on all hands to be singularly lovely in wood and 
water effects. Though this Park has been but a 
few years in course of construction, it has already 
assumed magnificent proportions, even as compared 
with the great parks of the Old World ; and it is 



156 SEOBT-TEIP GUIDE. 

within this Park, in the broad grounds lying east- 
ward of George's Hill, one of the highest emi- 
nences of the whole, that the Centennial Exhibi- 
tion, in honor of the one hundred years of Ameri- 
can Independence is to be held, from the 10th of 
May. to the 10th of November, 1876, in a range of 
the largest buildings yet erected by any of the 
nations for similar purposes. So far as Fairmount 
Park has yet progressed, and outside of any of the 
Centennial arraugements, the hand of art has added 
more to it in the way of Bridges, than in any other 
detail. Many of these structures are notable for 
beauty as well as strength, and must form a feature 
in the future celebrity of the Park. The Suspen- 
sion Bridge, at the Water- Works, was built by Col. 
Ellett, the constructor of the Niagara Suspension 
Bridge, and afforded a model for the latter. The 
new Grand avenue bridge drive over the Schuylkill, 
between the East and West Parks, tliough a level 
erection, is very graceful, and the widest in the 
world. Near it, the New York Railroad Bridge 
contrasts well with its rival, though entirely differ- 
ent in character, combining round end-arches with 
one wide flat trussed centre ; and the minor erections 
of the same character display taste blended with 
solidity. Of art in it3 more ordinary sense, the two 
most prominent objects, thus lar, are the elegant 
monument to Ercderick Graff, Ilrst engineer of the 
Water- Worlis, near the works themselves, and a 
bronze sitting statue of President Lincoln, within 



ROUTE NO. S—JSTEAB WESTERN. 167 

the lower entrance, near the Wire Bridge. There 
are also some fine fountains. 

The grounds purchased for the Park contained 
many old houses, some of them of much interest; 
and the best of these have been judiciously preserv- 
ed. Among the most notable is the house once 
belonging to John Penn, grandson of William, and 
owned by descendants until the present purchase. 
On a part of the same property stand the Lans- 
downe Pines — two trees of great size, age and 
grandeur of appearance. Even more interesting 
than the Penn house is the Belmont Mansion, also 
preserved — dating back to 1745 — the home of Rich- 
ard Peters, an eminent jurist, Member of Congress, 
and Secretary of the Board of War during the 
Eevolution, who entertained under its roof, Wash- 
ington, Lafayette, JeJQferson, Robert Morris, Ritten- 
house, and many others of the Revolutionary 
worthies, while Talleyrand, Louis Philippe and 
Tom Moore are known to have visited it. The 
view from the front of this fine old house (now a 
restaurant) is almost matchless in varied beauty, 
over the Schuylkill, the city, &c.; though that 
from George's Hill, the highest point of the grounds, 
is necessarily much more extensive, reaching to and 
beyond the Delaware at League Island. The upper 
portion of the Park, as already noted, includes not 
only the fine scenery of that part of the Schuylkill, 
but also tliat of the Wissahickon; and partially 
within it lies the scene of the unfortunate battle 



158 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

of Germantown, which lost Philadelphia to the 
Americans in 1777. Taken all in all, Fairmount 
Park is unquestionably the crowning triumph of 
America in that direction, and well worthy to be 
the setting of the colossal buildings and immense 
assemblages of the Centennial. 

Fairmount Park, the Centennial grounds, or the 
Fairmount Water- Works, may be reached from the 
centre of the city by an immense number of street- 
car lines, and other conveyances, easily discovered 
by the visitor, from the placards announcing the 
special point of their destination. By the Pennsyl- 
vania Railroad, from New York and the East, or 
from the West, disembarkation will be made at the 
very doors of the Main Building ; and a narrow- 
gauge railroad has been arranged, to convey passen- 
gers from one building and one part of the grounds 
to another. For any description of the buildings 
and the special features of the Centennial Exhibi- 
tion, necessarily the local hand-books (obtainable 
on the grounds, or anywhere in Philadelphia) must 
be depended upon ; and very many features will 
necessarily develope themselves during the Exhibi- 
tion, beyond the reach of any work printed in ad- 
vance. [For views of some of the principal Centen- 
nial Buildings, and a brief review of the enterj^rise, 
see paper on "Centennial Exhibition," p. 291.] 

The Fairmount Water- WorJcs themselves demand 
attention, as among the best of their class ; the 
views over the Schuylkill from the raised promenade 



ROUTE NO. S.—NEAB WESTERN, 159 

are notably fiae ; and the Suspension Bridge, al- 
ready mentioned, should not be overlooked in ob- 
servation of its rivals. (Other bridges of interest 
are the Iro7i Bridge, over the Schuylkill a^t Chest- 
nut street; the Market Street Bridge, of wood, lately 
rebuilt, &o.) (There are also other Water-Works : 
the Delaware J on the river, foot of Wood street, and 
the Western, with a beautiful tower, opposite Fair- 
mount.) Of the other public grounds of the city, 
the most interesting are Independence Square^ rear 
of Independence Hall ; Washington Square, near it ; 
Logan Square (largest of the old), Eighteenth 
street; Franklin Square, Eace and Sixth streets; 
Penn Square, Broad and Market streets ; Jefferson 
and Rittenliouse Squares; and Hunting Park (old 
race-course) on the York road. 

Among the most notable of Philadelphia Churches, 
are the Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul (Catho- 
lic), Logan Square, with a noble dome, an admired 
altar-piece, and some good paintings; St. MarFs 
(Epis.), Locust street, with tower and spire of pecu- 
liar beauty ; St. Paul's (Epis.), Third street ; Christ 
Church (old), Second street, with tall steeple, fine 
chime of bells, and communion service of the time 
of Queen Anne ; Church of the Licarnation, Broad 
street; Baptist, ^vo2idi street; Calvary (Pres.), Lo- 
cust street; St. Stephen's (Epis.), Fourth street; 
St. Peter's (old), Pine street; St. Andrew's, Eighth 
street; &c., and (as curiosities, though eschewing 
any attempt at architecture) many of the Friends* 



160 • SHOET-TEIP GUIDE, 

or Quaker Meeting Houses, of wliicli the city has a 
remarkable number aud variety. 

Of Libraries, there are a large number, though the 
aggregate of volumes embraced in all does not reach 
far beyond a quarter million. Among them are the 
Franklin (sometimes called the "Philadelphia"), 
South Fifth near Chestnut street; the Atlieneum, 
Sixth street; the Mercantile \ the Apprentices^ 
Friends', Law Association, &c. ; besides those con- 
nected with those prominent institutions, the His- 
iorical Society, Sixth and Adelphi streets (antiqui- 
ties and curiosities) ; Academy of Natural Sciences, 
Broad street; the Franklin Institute, Seventh 
street, &c. The principal Art Gallery is the Penn- 
sylvania Academy of Fine Arts, Chestnut street, 
containing among other prominent pictures. West's 
"Death on the Pale Horse," Allston's "Raising 
of Lazarus," and others of merit by Stuart, Sully, 
Leslie and others. The principal Market, and one 
of the best-arranged and most luxuriously-supplied 
in America, is located on Market street, in the lower 
part of the city, and will well repay a visit, for ob- 
servance of the varied productions of the surround- 
ing country. 

Principal Places of Amusement: the American 
Academy of Music, Broad street, the handsomest 
and one of the largest musical houses in the United 
States; Arch Street Theatre, street of the same 
name ; Chestnut Street, street of that name ; Walnut 
Street, street of same name; Foa^s, Chestnut street; 



ROUTE NO. S.—NEAB WESTERN. 161 

Simmons and Slocum's Opera House (Ethiopian), 
Arcli street; Eleventh Street Opera House (Ethio- 
pian), Eleventh street; American Museum, Ninth, 
and Arch streets ; Musical Fund Hall, Locust street? 
&c. Leading Hotels : the Contine7ital, Chestnut 
street; La Pierre IToz^se, Broad street; Colonnade, 
Chestnut street; Girard House, Chesmut street; 
American, Q]iQ^inut street; St. Cloud, Arch street; 
Waslii^igton, Chestnut street; Merchants^ Eourth 
street ; Trans- Continental and others, at the Exposi- 
tion Grounds, &c. 

For the additional convenience of the many about 
specially to visit Philadelphia in connection with the 
Centennial, the following resumes and extensions 
are giveu, of location of principal places of interest, 
places of amusement, aud railroad depots, with brief 
directions for reaching them. 

Principal Places of Interest, and Eoutes. 

Fairmount Park and Centennial Grounds. — [Nearly all 
leadinor lines of street-cars, and other conveyances. See 
local directions.] 

Independence Hall — Place of signing the "Declaration 
of Independence," Chestnut street, south side, between 
Fifth and Sixth. Near lower hotels, and reached Irom 
upper by cars on Chestnut street. Admission free at or- 
dinary times, 9 A.M. to 2 P.M., and no doubt will be so 
except on special occasions, during the Centennial. Entrance 
to steeple granted on application to the Superintendent in 
the Hall. 

Carpenter^ s Hall. — Place of original meeting of Continen- 
tal Congress. Chestnut street, south sid'', (rear), between 
Fourth and Fifth. Near Independence Hall, and reached 
in same manner. 

Grave of Franklin. — Plain horizontal slab, covering Ben- 
jamin Franklin and his wife, in graveyard of Christ Church. 
South-east corner Fifth and Arch streets. Very near both 
of the former ; and not far from leading hotels. 



IQla SHOBI^TBIP GUIDE. 

Pernios CoUage.—OncQ the residence of William Penn. 
Letitia street, between Front and Second, near Market. 
Close to the Delaware River. 

Penn Treaty Monument — Site of the great elm tree under 
which William Penn made his treaty with the Indians. 
Small obelisk, with inscription. Beach street, above Han- 
over, Kensington. Reached by street-cars marked " Rich- 
mond" 

Indian Queen Hotel. — Once residence of Jeflerson. Cor- 
ner Market and Front streets. 

London Coffee- Bouse. — Existing as a coffee-house, \)y that 
name, before the Revolution. South-west corner Front and 
Market streets, near the Delaw^are. 

Old Su^edes' Church. — Built 1700. Swanson street, below 
Christian street. Reached by Second street cars. 

Birth 2)l(ice of the American Flag. — Place where the first 
stars and stripes were made. Now 239 Arch street, near 
the Delaware. 

Christ Church. — With oldest peal of bells in America. 
Second street, north of Market street. 

Oirard College. — Ridge avenue, above Nineteenth street. 
Reached by Ridge avenue or Nineteenth street cars. Ad- 
mission by ticket, procurable at the Ledger office, Sixth and 
Chestnut streets. 

University of Pennsylvania. — Ninth street, above Chestnut. 
New building, Thirty-sixth street and Darby road. Reached 
by Market street cars to West Philadelphia ; thence Darby 
road cars. 
. Philadelphia Library, and 

Loganian Library, Fifth street, below Chestnut. 

Atiieneum, and 

Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Sixth and Adelphi 
streets, below Walnut. 

Philadelphia Dispensary. — Oldest institution of the kind in 
America; established 1786. No. 127 South Fifth street. 

American Philosophical Society. — Fifth street, below Chest- 
nut. 

Academy of Natural Sciences.— EY02i6. street, below Chest- 
nut. Open Tuesday and Friday afternoons, but no doubt 
every afternoon during the Centennial. Admission 10 cents. 

Franldin Institute. — Seventh street, above Chestnut. 

Mercantile Library. — Tenth street, above Chestnut. 

Apprentices' Library, — South-west corner Fifth and Arch 
streets. 



ROUTE NO. 8.— NEAR WESTERN. IGlb 

Pennsylvania Hospital. — Eighth and Spruce streets. 

Penn. Hospital for tJie' In.^ane. — Haverford road, Yv^est 
Philadelphia. Reached by Market street cars. Admission 
by ticket, at the Ledger ottiee. 

School of Design for Women. — North-west Penn Square, 
near Broad street and Chestnut. 

Deaf and Dumb Institution. — Broad and Pine streets. Ex- 
hibitions Thursday afternoons. Admission by ticket, at 
the Ledger office. 

Blind Asylum. — Twentieth and Race streets. Wednesday 
afternoon concerts. Admission 10 cents. 

Blockley Almsliouse. — Considered a model institution of its 
kind. West Philadelphia. Reached by Walnut street cars 
to Thirty-fourth street. Tickets ai No. 42 North Seventh 
street. 

House of ife/'w5?(?.— Twenty-second street, near Poplar 
street. Admission every afternoon except Saturday and 
Sunday. Reached by Union line of Fairmount cars. Tick- 
ets at Ledger office. 

Eiyiscopat Hospital. — No. 2649 North Front street, on the 
Delaware. 

U. S. Naval Asylum. — Gra7's Ferry road, below South. 
Reached by cars on Pine street, or South street. 

Navy Yard.— On lino of the Delaware, east of Frojit 
street, and south of Prime street. Reached by Second 
street cars (as to old Swedes' Church). 

Moyanunsim/ {County) Prison. — Eleventh street and Passa- 
yunk road. Tickets at Ledger office. 

Eastern Penitentiary. — Coates street, above Twentv-sev- 
enth. Reached by cars out, on Coates street, or Union 
line of Fairmount'cars Tickets at Ledger office. 

Frankford Arsenal.— FvsLiaMoriS.. Reached by Richmond 
lice of horse-cars. 

Richmond Coal-Wharves. — Greatest single deposit of coal 
in the world, of the Reading Railroad Company, from the 
Schuylkill coal regions. On the Delaware, North Philadel- 
phia, opposite Treaty Island. Reached by street cars mark- 
ed "Richmond." 

JJ. S. Jim^.— Chestnut street, above Thirteenth. Ad- 
mission from 9 to 12 A.M., daily, except Saturday and 
Sunday. 

Custom House. — Chestnut street, above Fourth. 

Post- Office.— C\\y-Bin\\i street, below Fifth - 

Commercial Exch/inge. — Second street, below Chestnut. 



IGlc SHORT-TRIP GTJIDE. 

Me&lianic^ Exchanfje. — Third and Walnut streets. 

Union League (Jlub-House. — Broad and Sansom streets. 
Introduction by member of the Club required. 

Masonic Hall. — Broad street, below Arch (old, 717 Chest- 
nut, above Seventh). 

Smith's Island^ and 

Windmill Island. — Small islands in the Delaware, oppo- 
site the city, and places of public resort. Ferry to Smith's, 
foot of Market street. 

Hultzlidmer' s New House. — House where Jefferson wrote 
the Declaration. South-west corner Seventh and Market 
streets. 

Laurel Hill Cemetery. — Rid^e avenue. Reached by Ridge 
avenue cars. 

Mt. Vernon Cemetery— '^efuvlj opposite Laurel Hill, and 
reached in same manner. 

Monument Cemetery. — Broad street, opposite Berks. 
Woodland Cemetery. —J) dibj road, West Philadelphia. 
Reached by Market street or Walnut street cars to Darby 
road ; thence Darby road cars. 

Places of Amusement: 

^ Academy of Music. — Broad and Locust streets. 

Arch Street Theatre — Arch street, west of Sixth. 

Chestnut Street Theatre. — Chestnut street, above Twelfth. 

Walnut Street Theatre. — "Walnut street, below Ninth. 

Fox's American Theatre. — Chestnut street, above Tenth. 

Museum. — Ninth and Arch streets. 

Simmons and Slocum's Opera House. — Arch street, above 
Tenth. 

Eleventh Street Opera House. — ^Eleventh street, above 
Chestnut. 

Musical Fund Hall. — Locust street, below Ninth. 

Horticultural Hall. — Broad street, below Locust. 

Concert Hall. — Chestnut street, above Twelfth. 

Railroad Depots: 

Pennsyhania Railroad. — (For New York and the East, for 
the West, or for that connection to Baltimore, Washington 
and the South). Thirty-first and Market streets, reached 
by Market street cars; Kensington, reached by Third 
street cars ; and ferry foot of Market street. 



BOUTE NO. S.—NjSAB WESTERN. IQU 

Beading Bailroad.—{FoT the Schuylldll, coal-regions, or 
the Kortii). Thirteenth and Callowhill streets. G-erman- 
town and Norristown branch, Ninth and Green streets. 

Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Baili'oad.—(FoT 
Chester, Wilmington , Baltimore, Washington and the South). 
Broad and Prime streets. 

N(/rth Pennsylvania Railroad. — (For the North). Berks 
and American streets, above Second. 

Camden and Atlantic Bailroad.— {For Southern New Jer- 
sey and the Coast). Ferry foot of Vine street. 

West-GJiester and Philadelphia Bailroad. — (For local interi- 
or). Thirty-first and Chestnut streets. 

Suburban and other Excursions of interest from 
Philadelphia^ include the 

United States Navy Yard, on Front street and 
the Delaware River, entrance from foot of Federal 
street; with immense Sectional Dock, stocks and 
materials for war-vessels, munitions of war, &c. 
[Walk, or street-car.] Arrangements have been 
made for the substitution of League Island, lower 
down the Delaware, as a new and larger navy yard; 
and the old is now virtually abandoned. Of scarce- 
ly less interest are the 

U. S. Arsenals, of which one of the most import- 
ant is to be reached at Frankford, north-east of the 
city, with interesting collection of arms and the 
largest powder magazine in the country ; and the 
other near Graifs Ferry, south of the city. Also, 

Laurel Hill Cemetery, on Ridge avenue, near the 
Schuylkill, and considered one of the hanxlsomest 
of the cemeteries of the great cities, on account ot 
height of location, fine river-view, tasteful monu- 
ments and adornments. The group of " Old Mor- 



1616 SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

talifcy," by Thorn, at the entrance, and the Chapel, 
deserve attention, as do many of the monuments to 
well-known men, among others those of Dr. Kane, 
Gen'l Mercer, Gen'l Patterson, Dr. Bird (the novel- 
ist), Joseph C. Neal, Charles Thompson, Hassler, 
&c. [Reached by street-car, drive, or boat np the 
Schuylkill from Fairmount.] Second in importance 
are the Woodlands Cemetery, on the Darby road, 
west of the Schuylkill ; Monument Cemetery, Broad 
street ; Glemuood Cemetery, Ridge road ; Mount 
Verno7i Cemetery, Uidige SLYenne; Roncddson's Ceme- 
tery, Shippen street ; Friends' Burial Ground, Arch 
and Fourth streets, &c. [All, beyond short walk 
from leading hotels, reached by street-car.] 

Other Excursions, to 

TJie Wissaliiclcon, creek or small river of marked 
shaded beauty, emptying into the Schuylkill. 
[Drive, on Ridge avenue, past Laurel Hill, or trip 
by boat on the Schuylkill from Fairmount and 
Park. To the Old Bartram Mansion, with Revolu- 
tionary reminiscences and a Botanic Garden, on the 
west bank of the Schuylkill. [Street cars on Darby 
road.] To Penn's Rode, on the Haddington road 
(stone said to have been raised by William Penn). 

To Germantoion, site of the battle of that name, 
fought by Washington in 1777; with interesting 
reminiscences, in Chew's House, the Headquarters, 
Buttonball Tree Tavern, &c. To Manayunh, on 
the Schuylkill, Tvith water-power and heavy manu- 
factures. [Street cars on Ridge-road, or boat on the 



ROUTE NO. ^.—NEAB WESTERN. IQlf 

Scliiiylkill.] [Street car and short steam connec- 
tion, every quarter-hour.] To Greeiiwich Point 
and Gloucester Pointy on the Delaware, favorite near 
places of summer resort, a few miles below the city. 
[Ferry from South street.] To Red Bank and Fort 
Mifflin, two miles below the places last named, with 
Revolutionary reminiscences, Count Donop's Grave, 
a Battle Monument, &c. ; and also to League Island, 
lying near, and the site of the new Navy Yard. 
[Boats, very frequent] To Smithes Island and 
Windmill Island, lying in the Delaware, midway 
between the City and Camden, aud passed through 
by the ferry-boats. Resort for relaxation and " clamr 
chowders." To Camden, New Jersey [several fer- 
ries : see route from New York, Division B.j To 
Bridgeton, New Jersey, great fruit-packing centre. 
[Ferry to Camden, and West Jersey Railroad.] 
To Vineland, New Jersey, great grape and fruit- 
groAving centre. [Ferry to Camden, and Camden 
and Atlantic road to Atsion — thence Vineland 
Railway.] To Bordeoitown and Burlington. [Boat 
on the Delaware, or rail.] 

Still other Excursions will be those to 
NoRKiSTOWN, on the Schuylkill, county seat of 
Montgomery County, with pleasant location, two 
fine Bridges, and handsome Court-House, [Rail- 
way on Reading road, or long drive of much beauty]. 
To 

Valley Forge, place of the American winter- 
quarters in 1777-8, on the Schuylkill, with Wash- 



161^ 8H0RT-TMIP GUIDE. 

ington's Headquarters still remaining, as well as the 
Old Hospital, earth-works, and many other remind- 
ers of that trying period — and the King of Prussia 
Tavern and Paoli, both celebrated in the struggle, 
at short distance. [Railway on Eeading road.] To 

Eeading, important town of the interior, with 
immense coal and other industries on the road, at 
and in the neighborhood. [Railway on Reading 
road.]. To 

Eastok, Delaware Water-GtAP, &c. [See 
Longer Excursions from New York.] [Rail on 
Northern Pennsylvania, and Delaware, Lackawanna 
and Western roads.] To 

Harrisburg, Capital of the State of Pennsylva- 
nia, by Lancaster^ &c. [Rail on the Pennsylvania 
Road: see Route 12.] To 

Pittsburgh, great iron manufacturing centre of 
the State, often called the '^American Birming- 
ham," and notable for the resemblance of its smoky 
atmosphere to that of English manufacturing towns. 
In connection, to Wheeling. [Rail on Pennsylvania 
road. See Route 12, pp. 200, &c.] To 

Altoo7ia and the Allegheiiy Mountains, for fine 
scenery of the road, considered among the noblest 
in America Also, to Cresso7i and Johnstoivn, be- 
yond. [Rail on Pennsylvania road, as for Pitts- 
burgh, &c.] To 

Atlantic City, favorite place of summer resort, 
with fine bathing, on the New Jersey coast, near 
Egg Harbor and the Inlet of the same name. 



ROUTE NO. 8.-NEAR WESTERN. 161h 

Prominent Hotels, the Atlantic House, and Surf 
House. [Eeaclied by ferry to Camden, thence rail 
on the Camden and Atlantic road direct.] To 

Cape May (Cape Island), still more prominent 
and popular as a place of seaside summer resort, 
and especially chosen by Philadelphians. It lies at 
the extreme southern point of New Jersey, at the 
northern entrance of Delaware Bay, has an exten- 
sive beach with fine sea- view and bathing, and ranks 
beside Newport and Long Branch. Prominent 
Hotels : the StocJcton House, Coyigress Hall, United 
States, West Jersey, Columbia, Delazvare, Atlantic, 
&c. [Reached by ferry to Camden, thence by rail 
on the West Jersey, and Millville and Cape May 
roads.] To 

LoKG Brajtch. [See Longer Excursions from 
New York.] [Reached by ferry to Camden, thence 
rail on Pemb. and Hightstown and New Jersey 
Southern roads. Also, with connection, Long 
Branch to New York. 



ROUTE NO. 9 -WESTERN AND SOUTHERN. 

PHILADELPHIA^ BY WILMIIS'GTOJ^^ (DEL.) TO AND AT 
AVASHIKGTON" AND RICHMOISrD. 

Division A, 

PHILADELPHIA TO BALTIMORE BY WILMINGTOK. 

Leave Philadelphia by rail on the Philadelphia, 
WilmiDgton and Baltimore road, from Broad Street 
and Washington Avenue, or from West Phila- 
delphia. First point of interest passed is the Laza- 
retto, on the bank of the Delaware, some ten miles 
below the city and at some distance left from the 
road — an immense building, with cupola, long used 
for the detention of cases of infectious disease. In a 
short distance is reached 

Chester, the oldest town in the State, and at one 
time, under William Penn, the seat of government of 
the province. It has as curiosities, the spot where 
Penn landed on his first coming from England, a 
very old Coicrt Houses <fec. Very little beyond, the 
crossing is made from the State of Pennsylvania 
into that of Delaware; and still a little beyond is 
passed the Brandyivine Creek, scene of the battle of 
the same name (at Chadd's Ford), defeat of the 
Americans and wounding of Lafayette, in 1777-8. 

After leaving Chester, is reached 

Lamohin Junction, [with the Philadelphia and 



RO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO UTHERN. 163 

Baltimore Central Eailroad, for Port Deposit, Havre 
de Grace (with very fine Bridge over the Susque- 
hanna), Baltimore, &c.] Lamokin Junction to 

WiLMiiS'GTOK, Delaware, one of the most import- 
ant towns of that small State, and in the midst of 
an agricultural section of special fertility, the great 
peach-growing district being within easy reach of 
any one making brief stoppage. It occupies the site of 
the old Swedish Fort Christina ; has extensive ship- 
yards, flour and powder-mills, foundries, &c. ; and 
is also distinguished as the seat of St. Mary^s Col- 
lege (Catholic), and other educational institutions of 
merit. Among its most prominent curiosities are 
the ship-yards and powder-mills, before named ; the 
Old Swedes'^ Cliurch, nearly 200 years old, with 
ancient grave-yard and singular epitaphs; the Col- 
lege, &c. [Railway connection south to EUctoUy 
Toiunsend, Dover (capital of the State), Leioes, 
Salisbury, Crisfield (for boat to Norfolk) &c, ; 
westward to Hanover, Harrisburg, &c.] From 
Wilmington, passing New Castle Junction [connec- 
tion for New Castle, &c.], and minor stations, is 
reached 

Havre de Grace, Maryland, at the debouchure of 
the Susquehanna River into Chesapeake Bay, and also 
at the southern terminus of the Tidewater Canal. 
Here the Susquehanna is crossed by a handsome and 
costly Railroad Bridge, not long finished; and in 
crossing, splendid views are caught (below) of Ches- 
apeake Bay and the shore-scenery on both sides. 



164 SBOBT-TRIP GUIDE. 

[Railway' connections from Havre de Grace, north- 
westward, to Hakrisburg and the West and 
Nortliwest.] From Havre de Grace, over flat and 
low country, with passage of the long 

Bridges over Bush and Gunpoivder Rivers (the 
former 5-8 of a mile in length, and the latter 1 mile), 
both of which were destroyed during the secession- 
war, and rebuilt, — to Baltimore. 

Division B. 

AT AND ABOUT BALTIMORE, WITH EXCURSION'S. 

Baltimore, on the Patapsco Eiver, branch of 
Chesapeake Bay, most important town in the State 
of Maryland, seaport of eminence, considered one 
of the handsomest cities in the Union, and dividing 
with two or three others the claim of producing the 
most beautiful women, while to Europeans it pos- 
sesses the peculiar interest of having supplied wives 
to a remarkable number of the English aristocracy 
(Wellesley family, and others), and also a wife (Miss 
Patterson) to Jerome Bonaparte. It has a striking 
situation, on risiug ground sloping up from the 
harbor, in that respect rivalling Boston; and the 
numerous spires and monuments fitly erown a pic- 
ture otherwise of great beauty. Baltimore has an 
inner and outer harbor, above and below FelVs 
Pointy into the latter of which the largest ships en- 
ter without difficulty ; and the city proper is di- 
yided, nearly North and South, by a narrow stream 



EO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO UTEERN 165 

with many bridges, called Jones^ Run, A strong 
and handsome fortification, Fort McHenry, defends 
the harbor, and figured conspicuously in both the 
war of 1812 and that of the secession. Among the 
chief boasts of the city, and the first objects of in- 
terest to the traveller, are 

Tlie Momtments, so notable that they have given 
to Baltimore the soubriquet of the "Monumental 
City." The first in importance is the Washington, 
in an elevated position on Mt. Vernon Place, at 
Charles and Monument streets — a base and shaft 
reaching 200 feet in height, with a statue surmount- 
ing all, of " Washington Resigning his Commission." 
(Accessible, and fine view from balcony at top.) 
Next in interest is the Battle, at Calvert and Fay- 
ette streets — a Roman column, with emblematical 
sculptures, in honor of those who fell in defence of 
the city, in September 1814. The third, or Ai'mis- 
tead, in honor of the defender of Fort McHenry in 
1811, is merely a tablet, on North Calvert street, and 
only of interest in the patriotic conupction. 

Of streets, the most important is Baltimore street, 
running east and west the whole length of the city, 
and really its Broadway or Regent street. HolUday, 
Calvert, Fayette^ Lexington, Eutaio, Madison, Park, 
Saratoga, North Charles, Mt. Vernon Place, Charles 
avenue, and other streets on the west side of Jones' 
Falls, are among the notable; a,nd as centres of 
business, Lombard, Caroline, Banh, Gay, High, 
Market, Broadway, and other streets on the east 



166 SHORT-TRIP Q UIDE. 

side, with those surrounding the City Dock (basin) 
and principal wharves, lying in that vicinity. Of 
Public Buildings, among the most notable are the 
Exchange^ Gay street, with noble dome; {Custom 
House and Post Office occupying part of the same 
building) ; the Maryland Institute, Baltimore street, 
devoted to industrial exhibitions, fairs, &c., and a 
Market; the City Hall, Holliday street; County 
Court House, Monument square; U. S. Court 
House, North and Fayette streets ; Penitentiary and 
Prisons, Madison street; Corn Exchange, So;ath 
street ; the Shot Toiuer, Front and Fayette streets ; 
Of Churches, in Baltimore as in Philadelphia, the 
most imposing is the Catholic, the Cathedral, at 
Cathedral and Mulberry streets, being the finest ec- 
clesiastical edifice in the city, with impressive towers 
and dome ; one of the largest organs in the country; 
and two pictures of great value* within, a "Descent 
from the Cross " and " St. Louis Burying His 
Dead," respectively the gifts of the French Kings 
Louis XVL and Charles X. After this, in archi- 
tectural interest, come the Unitarian, North 
Charles and Franklin streets; the Presbyterian, 
Madison and Park streets; Grace (Epis.), Monu- 
ment and Park streets ; St. PauVs, Charles street, 
and many others, the city being by no means defi- 
cient in this detail. 

Of Literary Institutions and their edifices, may be 
named the University of Maryland, with celebrated 
Medical Department, Green and Lombard streets; 



RO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO UTHERN 1G7 

the Peabody Institute (founded by the late George 
Peabody), Charles and Monument streets ; St* 
Marifs College (Catholic), Franklin and Greene 
€treets; Maryland Historical Society, Baltimore 
Lvbrary^ Mercantile Library^ &c., rooms in the 
Atheneum, Saratoga and St. Paul streets ; College of 
Loyola (Catholic), Madison and Calvert screets; 
College of Pharmacy, North Calvert street; &c 
Principal Theatres: the Holliday Street, street of 
same name ; the Front Street, or American, Front 
street; Baltimore Museum, Broad and Calvert 
streets; Grand Opera House (new); Concordia 
(German), South Eutaw street. Prominent Hotels: 
the Mt. Vernon, Carrollton, Barnum's, Eutaw, Gil- 
mour's, Fountain, and Maltby's. 

Cemeteries of prominence: G?'een Mount, Belvi- 
dere street and York avenue, with fine gateways 
and many handsome walks and monuments ; Lou- 
doun Parle, also with fine gateway, Frederick 
road ; Baltimore Cemetery, North Gay street ; 
Mount Olivet, Frederick road; Mount Carmel, 
Western, and other minor. Other Parks and Public 
Grounds: Druid Hill Park, very large and 
handsome grounds, .recently laid out, in the 
Northern suburbs [street-car from city centres] ; 
Patterson Parle, East Baltimore street, with re- 
mains of earthworks of war of 1812 ; City Spring 
Grounds, North Calvert street; Union Sqtiare, 
West Lombard street; Federal Hill, with Signal 



168 SHOET-TEIP GUIDE. 

House and one of the very best views of the city and 
harbor; Franklm Square, Fayette street; Jackson 
Square, Hampstead street ; etc. 

Favorite Excursions, among others, to 

Fort McHenry and North Point, entrance of the 
harbor (before spoken of) ; to Franklin, the Con- 
vent, &c., by the Frederick road [favorite drive] ; to 
Govanstoion, by the York road [drive] ; to Catons- 
ville and MUcotfs Hills [horse-car] ; to Towsontoiun 
(military barracks, &c.) [horse-car] ; to Bel-Air, 
Fh-ankliyiton, &c.] [stage-coach]. Do2V7i tlie Ches- 
apeake Bay [boat, very frequent from harbor- 
wharves, during the warm season]. Longer Ex- 
cursions, among others, to 

An^napolis, Capital of the State of Maryland., 
and seat of the celebrated national Naval Academy. 
It lies on the little River Severn, near Chesapeake 
Bay; has a history of interest, dating back to 1649 ; 
was the spot where Genl. "Washington resigned his 
commission at the close of the War of Independence ; 
and has, in addition to the other attractions named, 
an educational institution of prominence, St. John^s 
College, a State House, and much fine river and coast 
scenery in the neighborhood. [Reached from Bal- 
, timore by the Baltimore and Washington road to 
Annapolis Junction, thence branch road direct.] 
Also, by daily boat on Chesapeake Bay, to 

Norfolk, Virginia, on the Elizabeth River, at the 
extreme southern point of Chesapeake Bay, and the 
second town in Virginia in point of population 



ROUTE NO. ^.— WESTERN AND SOUTHERN 169 

It has a fine harbor, with great depth of water; 
and is one of the greatest markets of wild-fowl 
(especially the celebrated "canvas-back" ducks 
of the Chesapeake), oysters, fruits and other 
supplies, to be found south of Philadelphia. Across 
the river from it are the Portsmouth J^aval De- 
poty formerly the most extensive in the Union, but 
materially damaged by fire at the commencement 
of the secession war (1861), with the burning 
of the Pennsylvania, Merrimac and other war 
vessels, — and the Gosport Navy Yard, with Dry 
Docks of great size and cost. Norfolk and Ports- 
mouth harbor proper are defended by Fort Cal- 
lioun and the works on Craney Mand ; while the 
entrance from the sea is commanded by Fortress 
Mo7iroe,the largest fortification in the United States, 
erected at Old Point Comfort (also place of favorite 
summer resort), on the opposite or north side of the 
wide mouth of the James River (Hampton Roads), 
directly north and some fourteen miles distant. In 
the latter neighborhood may also be visited, Eliza- 
ietli City and Hampton, more or less interestingly 
connected alike with the early history of Virginia 
and the secession troubles of 1861-5. May also be 
visited, from Norfolk or Old Point Comfort [boat], 
the site and Ruins of Jamestoiun, place of first set- 
tlement in Virginia, and scene of the romantic epi- 
sode of Captain John Smith and Pocahontas. [From 
Baltimore to Richmond, every day during summer, 
by boat of the Baltimore Steam-Packet Company, in 
connection with the Atlantic Coast Line, — with fine 



170 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

views througliout.] [Norfolk to Eichmond, by boat up 
tlie James River ; or may be yisited from Richmond, 
by same conveyance.] Also, by Baltimore and Ohio 
Railroad (or by same road from Washington), 
through the Monocacy Valley, along the Upper Po- 
tomac and the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, to 

Point of Rocks (railway connection to Frederick, 
Md.) ; to Hagerstoivn Junction (railway connection 
to Hagerstown ) ; and to 

Harper's Ferry, ou the Upper Potomac, at the 
intersection with that stream of the Shenandoah, 
with mountain and river scenery of the first mag- 
nificence, and the additional interest of having been 
the site of an important U. S. Armory and Arsenal 
(destroyed by fire in April, 1861), and the spot 
where John Brown, of Ossawatomie, made his cele- 
brated raid and virtually commenced the conflict of 
the secession, in October, 1859. Maryland^ Bolivar 
and Loudoun Heights, and their fortifications, de- 
mand notice, as do a thousand natural beauties and 
warlike reminiscences certain to be suggested on 
the spot. 

From Harper's Ferry, route on the Baltimore and 
Ohio road may be pursued to Sir Jolm^s Run, with 
stage connection to Berheleij Springs ; to Cumler-- 
land, and across one of the finest passes of the Ah 
legheny Mountains to PittsburCt and the West. 
Or, from Harper's Ferry rail may be taken down 
the Shenandoah Yalley, through the Valley of Vir- 
ginia, to Cliarlestown, Winchester^ Strashurg, Ilar- 
risonhurcj and Staunton, with connections and de- 
tours of great interest. (See Route 9|). 



ROUTE NO.^.-WESTEBN AND SOUl HERN. 171 

Division C. 

BALTIMORE TO WASHINGTON, BY BALTIMORE 
AND OHIO RAILROAD. 

[From New York and Philadelphia to Baltimore, 
see Routes 8 and 9, pp. 144 and 1G2.] 

Leave Baltimore by the "Washington Branch of 
the B. and 0. Road, from Camden Station, by Carroll 
and Camden Junction, to 

Relay House and Belay Station. (First-class hotel 
and refreshment station, both owned and operated 
by the B. and O. Railroad Company, and somewhat 
noted for their excellence). Relay House and the 
vicinity were necessarily quite celebrated during the 
Secession War, the movements of troops over the 
lines of rail between the different sections, and espe- 
cially between Baltimore and Annapolis, and Balti- 
more and Washington, throwing the central point 
into great prominence, and making the control of it 
no secondary consideration in the warlike arrange- 
ments ot the period. At Relay House also diverges 
the alternate line, with branch to Frederick, joining 
the main line at Point of Rocks. 

Relay House by Elkridge, Hanover, Dorsey's and 
Jessup's to 

Annajjolis Junction. [Connection to Annapolis, 
site of the Naval Academy, and the State capital of 
Maryland: see "Excursions from Baltimore," pre- 
ceding] ; thence by Savage, Laurel, Contees, Belts- 
ville, Paint Branch, &c., to 



171a RO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO UTHERN. 

Bladensburgh. [Junction of branch to Shepherd, 
on Potomac River, opposite Alexandria, and to Alex- 
andria, where connection is made with steamboats 
for Fredericsburg, Richmond, &c., by Acquia Creek 
and the Richmond and Potomac R. R. Also, from 
Shepherd or from Alexandria, by the Washington 
City, Vu'ginia Midland and Great Southern Railroad, 
passing Manassas Junction and the scene of the im- 
portant battle of Manassas, 1861, via Gordonsville, 
to Richmond, and any Southern connection that may 
be desired.] 

Bladensburgh, small town on the Eastern Branch 
of the Potomac, with a mineral-spring and some ce- 
lebrity as a healthful summer resort for Washington 
residents and others near; but much more as the 
scene of the disgraceful defeat of the American by 
the British forces, in August, 1811, immediately pre- 
vious to the temporary occupation of the Capital — 
and also as the spot long famous as a duelling- 
ground for Congressional and other disputants. 
Very soon after leaving Bladen sburg, is caught, 
what should by no means be lost, the 

First View of the Washington Cajntol, scarcely 
second to the corresponding distant view of the 
dome of St. Peter's, in approaching Rome — the 
dome of the Capitol, since re-erection, being among 
the largest and finest in the world, and the first 
sight peculiarly impressive. But a little time and 
distance, following, before entering the somewhat 
straggling city, and disembarking at the foot of 
Capitol Hill — Washington. 



8H0BT-TRIP GUIDE. 171& 



Division D, 

BALTIMOEE TO WASHINGTON, BY THE BALTIMORE 
AND POTOMAC RAILROAD. 

[From New York and Philadelphia to Baltimore, 
see Eoutes 8 and 9, pp. 144 and 162. J 

Leave Baltimore, from Union Depot, by Lafayette, 
Winans', Stony Run, Severn, Odenton [connection to 
Annapolis, by Annapolis and Elk Ridge R. R.], Pa- 
tiixent, Bowie, [connection with branch to Pope's 
Creek, on the Potomac, whence may be conveniently 
reached. Port Tobacco and other places of that sec- 
tion — a part of it somewhat notable for events con- 
nected with the escape of John Wilkes Booth from 
Washington, after the killing of President Lincoln,] 
Seabrook, Wilson's, Benning's, then Washington. 

Entering Washington by this route, one of the first 
objects of interest is the Navy Yard, with which a 
station of the road is connected. [See, for Navy 
Yard, p. 181.] 

[From Washington, the Baltimore and Potomac 
Railroad continues, crossing by fine new Bridge over 
the Potomac (affording view of the White House, 
the Treasury Buildings, and many other objects of 
interest), to Alexandria, affording connection with 
the Alexandria and Fredericsburg R.R. for Quantico, 
Fredericsburg, Richmond and the South.J 



172 BOVTE NO.^.— WESTERN AND SOUIHERN. 

Division E. 

AT AND ABOUT WASHINGTON, WITH EXCURSIONS. 

Washington, capital city of the United States of 
America, and on many accounts specially interest- 
ing, as bearing the name of the Great Soldier and 
Patriot, as having been selected by him as the seat 
of Government, as having been the scene of all the 
central legislation of the country and many of its 
other historical events, and as possessing a location 
with many marked advantages and certain equally 
marked disadvantages almost counterbalancing the 
favorable, — lies in the District of Columbia, on the 
north bank of the Potomac River, at some 70 miles 
from the embouchure of that river into Chesapeake 
Bay, and about 30 miles directly westward from the 
nearest shore of that Bay, at a little southward of 
Annapolis. In its selection, undoubtedly the first 
object held in view was to secure the nearest pos- 
sible approach to centrality between the North and 
the South, that between the East and the West, 
now grown so important, not being at all cal- 
culated. It supplies a geographical meridian of 
importance: Lat. 38° 53' 39" N. ; Long. 77^ 2' 48" 
from Greenwich ; and lies in a direct line about 
120 miles south-west from Philadelphia, and about 
200 in a corresponding direction from New York. 
It dates, as the Capital, irom the removal from 
Philadelpliia, about ISOO, though the corner stone 
of the Capitol was laid in 1793. The city, as a mu- 
nicipality, dates from nearly the same time — is large 



RO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO UTEERN. 173 

in extent, and by no means compact in its character ; 
fcjiat fact having given rise, many years ago, to the 
irreverent soubriquet: the "City of Magnificent 
Distances." 

Among the undeniable advantages of Washing- 
ton, before referred to, are its picturesque location, 
with elevations and fine viev7s at two points, — those 
of the Capitol, at the south-eastern end of (main) 
Pennsylvania Avenue, and the President's House 
and principal Government Buildings, at the north- 
western end ; its ease of access from the sea, and ac- 
cessibility by railway from various important points ; 
its moderate climate in winter, principal season of 
legislative assemblage ; and its proximate centrality, 
as between North and South. Among the disad- 
vantages may be named the doubtful healthiness of 
some portions (including the Executive Mansion) in 
summer; and its entire want of centrality towards 
the limited East and the widely-extended West — the 
latter feature having given rise to much dissatisfac- 
tion, of late years, and some eSbrts at eflTecting the 
removal of the seat of government to some one of 
the Western Cities — St. Jjouis being oftenest named. 
The governmental conveniences now existing on this 
spot, however, and the late completion of the en- 
larged Capitol, render it entirely improbable that 
any such removal will take place within the present 
century, and leave Washington to be visited and 
considered as the permanent capital of the United 
States. 



174 , SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Of course first among its attractions, to the tour- 
ist, at whatever season, will be found 

The Capitol, standing on Capitol Hill, fronting 
east and west, and occupyinc^ the same site as the 
original, founded by Washington and burned by the 
British in 1814, when the Congressional Library, 
many valuable pictures, the President's House and 
other buildings, shared the same fate. The present 
structure, undeniably one of the noblest government 
buildings in the world, and with many grand and 
beautiful details in architecture, is an enlargement 
of that which replaced the burned building, and has 
consequently the blemish of showing some incon- 
gruity in materials and " afterthought" in design. It 
is immense in extent, however, the entire length being 
some 750 feet, with a wing depth of 300 and a body 
depth of 200 ; and the whole space of ground covered 
is said to be three and a half acres. Handsome 
grounds surround the Capitol, with fine shade trees 
and some good landscape gardening; and from these 
grounds, below either front, and from the two fronts 
themselves, remarkably fine views may be obtained. 

The East Front, (main) has an immense colon- 
nade and portico, with Persico's statues of Colum- 
bus, of Washington, allegorical figures of Peace and 
War, Greenough's "Civilization," etc., on the portico 
and in the grounds adjoining; and it is here that 
the inauguration ceremonies of each incoming 
President take place, the auditory filling the portico 
and the grounds below. The West Front, less elabo- 



MO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO UIHERN. 1 75 

rate, has the view down Pennsylvania Avenue and 
over the city. The next most prominent feature, 
and perhaps the most notable of all, is 

The Dome, before sjDoken of as among the noblest 
in the world. It surmounts the center of the pile, 
rising to a height of nearly 400 feet, crowned with 
a colossal statue of Freedom, by Crawford ; and is 
ascended from within, by a spiral stairway, for the 
extensive and magnificent view of Washington, the 
Potomac, the near portions of the District, of Vir- 
ginia, Maryland, etc. In the Rotunda, immediately 
under the dome, are to be seen the eight large his- 
torical pictures, " Discovery of the Mississippi,'* 
" Baptism of Pocahontas," " Declaration of Indepen- 
dence," "Surrender of Burgoyne," "Surrender of 
Cornwallis," "Washington Resigning his Commis- 
sion," and " Landing of Columbus." The Rotunda 
has also a " Massacre of the Innocents," portraits of 
Lincoln and others, some interesting historical bas- 
reliefs, etc. The Canopy, surmounting, is elaborately 
painted in fresco, by Brumidi, and contains an im- 
mense number of allegorical and historical figures. 
Naturally the next objects of interest will be the 

Senate and Representative Chambers, the former 
situated in the north wing (or " extension " — new 
part of the building) and the latter in the south 
wing. They are both large, with good accommoda- 
tion for spectators (in the Strangers' Galleries), elab- 
orately finished, lighted from above by hidden gas- 
burners through ground glass, and extremely well 



176 SHOBT-TBIP G UIDE. 

ventilated, but with tlieir impressiveness materis-lly 
marred by the low, flat ceilings. Both are reached 
by elaborate and costly stairways, really among the 
most notable features in the building; and it may 
be said of both that, with whatever faults of con- 
struction, they are among the best of their class, in 
the world. Next in interest is to be visited the 

Supreme Court Room, a large semi-circular apart- 
ment in the north wing, with busts of formei 
Chief-Justices Jay, Rutledge, Ellsworth and Mar- 
shall; and beneath it the Old Supreme Court Eoom, 
now the Laio Library^ with a fine collection of 
books in the higher branches of jurisprudence, and 
some peculiarities in the architecture of the room, 
commanding surprised attention. The 

Library of Congress, with some 90,000 to 100,000 
volumes (now accumulating very rapidly, as copies 
of all works published in America must be depo- 
sited there, to secure copy-right — as in the British 
Museum), and an immense number of valuable 
documents and manuscripts, — is in the western por- 
tion of the main building, and shows fire-proof book- 
cases and all appliances to guard against the recur- 
rence of fire, which has twice destroyed previous col- 
lections (1814-^war; and 1851, accidental.) But 
perhaps quite as interesting as any of the apartments 
named, is the 

Old Hall of Representatives, in the south wing of 
the centre building, semi-circular, with panelled 
ceiling and cupola, row of splendid columns in Vir- 



RO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND 80 UTHERN. 177 

ginia green-stone ; and containing, among other 
objects of interest and value, Yanderlyn's " Wash- 
iugton," a full-length of Lafayette, Franzoni's statue 
of History, statues and busts of Washington, Kos- 
ciusko, Lincoln, Johnson, &c. Here, also, have 
spoken nearly all the great legislators of America 
in the past, making the place historically memora- 
ble. Opening from this into the corridor, may be 
seen the 

Bronze Columbus Door, modelled by Eogers and 
cast at Munich (where the model remains), repre- 
senting various scenes in the life and death of the 
discoverer, and considered among the best of con- 
temporary works. 

Many other apartments of interest may be visited 
in the Capitol, among them the President's and Yice- 
President's Eooms, the Speaker's, Senators', Kecep- 
tion, &c., and some of the Committee Kooms, in 
the latter of which will be found displayed quite as 
much luxury (not always in the best taste) as can 
be found in any other portion of the structure. 

[Admission to the Capitol, and access to most of 
its rooms, every week-day, 10 to 3. Congress gen- 
erally in session from early December to 4th March, 
in the years Avith odd numbers ; in those with even 
numbers, (as 1876) the sessions often continuing far 
into the summet, and even later. Admission to the 
Congressional Sessions, without card, and only 
limited by the capacity of the large galleries. In 
connection it may be well to say that the same 



178 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

hours (10 to 3) and the same freedom from rontine 
or special application, apply to most of the Depart- 
ment buildings at Washington.] 

Next in importance to the traveler, of the build- 
ings of "Washington, is the 

Pkesident's House (familiarly known as the 
"White House," especially in political parlance), 
situated on the high ground at the opposite or 
north-western extremity of (main) Pennsylvania 
Avenue (principal drive and fashionable promenade 
of the city). It is of white stone, as its name indi- 
cates, has a colonnaded front, but little architectural 
merit, stands near the Potomac, and commands a 
fine view of that river and the opposite shore. It 
contains some handsome and well-appointed rooms, 
the East Room being the most notable ; but the lo- 
cation is not considered healthy in summer, and th-s 
Presidential family does not often steadily occupy it 
throughout that season. [Calls, without ceremonial 
or previous introduction, are generally received by 
the President every week-day, 10 to 1, except those 
devoted to Cabinet meetings or other special ap- 
pointments. No court-dress necessary or proper. 
Levees, during the Congressional Season, fortnight- 
ly; and weekly receptions, generally on Saturday 
mornings, by the Lady of the White House, with 
the President present.] 

The Patent Office, after those named, is un- 
doubtedly the most interesting place of visit in 
Washington, for its massive architecture and on ac- 



ROUTE NO.%.— WESTERN AND SOUTHERN. Vm 

count of its extraordinary collection of mechanical 
and labor-saving implements, in which it has no 
equal in any country. It is located on F street 
(many of the Washington streets being thus desig- 
nated by letters) between Seventh and Ninth 
streets. The Model Room, occupying one entire 
floor, is divided into four halls, of which the East 
Hall is occupied by practical models ; the West 
Hall by rejected ones; the South Hall (with hand- 
some frescoed ceilings) by personal effects of Wash- 
ington, other Revolutionary relics, (sword of Wash- 
ington and cane of Franklin, among others) medals 
and Treaties with, and presents from foreign powers, 
Powers' Statue of Washington, &c., forniing a 
unique, most valuable and interesting collection. 
Near the Patent Office is to be visited the 

General Pod Office, an imposing Corinthian struc- 
ture, with the internal arrangements commanding a 
certain degree of attention, and some valuable re- 
cords of Franklin. Also, the City Post Office, in 
same building. The 

Slate, War and Navy Departments have buildings 
near each other and near the President's House, on 
Pennsylvania Avenue. Little of interest is to be 
found in either, except the Library of the State 
Department, and the Gollec:tion of Relics of the 
War and Navy, Of much more importance to the 
visitor is the 

Treasury Department Building, on Fifth street, 
immense in size and of some architectural merit; 



180 SHORT TRIP GUIDE. 

while the details of Paper Money Printing [admis- 
sion by order from the Secretary of the Treasury — 
easily obtained], carried on in the upper and lower 
portions of the structure, are worthy of close atten- 
tion from their extent and completeness. The 

Smithsonian Institute (founded by the late James 
SmithsoD, Esq., of England), stands in extensive and 
highly ornamented grounds, called the Mall, west of 
the Capitol, and south-east of the President's 
House. It is of large extent, built of red sand- 
stone, Norman in architecture, and has nine towers, 
of irregular heights. It contains an immense libra- 
ry-room, picture-gallery, lecture-room, laboratory, 
etc., and is already doing a noble work in the ad- 
vancement of science. At no considerable distance 
from this, stands the 

Washington Monument, intended to be one of the 
largest in the world, but thus far simply one of the 
largest failures, the funds to complete it from its 
present height of 170 feet to the contemplated 600, 
not being forthcoming. It is at present no monu- 
ment, but a curiosity. The 

National Observatory stands on "Western Pennsyl- 
vania Avenue, half way between the President's 
House and Georgetown. It has a large transit and 
some other fine instruments, astronomical library, 
clock, etc. 

The Public Grounds of Washington are princi- 
pally comprised in the Mall, on the banks of the 
Potomac, at and near the Smithsonian Institute; 



ROUTE NO. ^.— WESTERN AND SOUTHERN. 181 

the Capitol Grounds, before spoken of; and Lafay- 
elte Square, near the President's House (with Clark 
Mills' equestrian statue of Jackson). Principal 
Churches: the Epiphany, (Epis.) G. Street, near 
Thirteenth; Trinity (Epis.) Third street; St. Johns 
(Epis.) Lafayette Square; Presbyterian, Four-and- 
a-half Street; *S^^ Aloysius (Cath.) near the Capitol; 
Foundry church, (Meth. Epis.) Fourteenth street. 
Principal Theatres: the New National and Wall's 
Opera House. (^Ford's Theatre, once a favorite, 
and the scene of the assassination of President 
Lincoln, April, 1865, is to be seen as a curiosity, 
but has never since been opened as a place of 
amusement). Public Hall : Lincoln Hall. Promi- 
nent Hotels: the Arlington; St. Cloud; Howard; 
St. James'; Willard's. 

Suburban and other excursions from Washington, 
will include those to the Soldiers' Home (Military 
Asylum), three miles north of the city, and favorite 
resort of Presidential families in summer; the Arse- 
nal, Greenleaf's Point, junction of Eastern Branch 
and Potomac, with interesting collection of ord- 
nance. To the 

Navy Yard, with ship-houses, an armory, etc., on 
the Eastern Branch, short walk south-east of the 
Capitol. To the 

Congregational Cemetery, lying on the Eastern 
Branch, north-east of the Capitol, with many scores 
of monuments to Members of Congress who have 
died at Washington, and specially notable* monu- 



183 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

ments of interest, to WilKam Wirt, George Clinton, 
Elbridge Gerry, and others; also Glenwood, rival 
cemetery of much beauty, lying north of the Capi- 
tol. To the 

Long Bridge, crossing the Potomac to the Vir- 
ginia shore, from near the Mall, to Alexander's 
Island, and computed to have carried over half a 
million of troops during the war of the secession. 
To 

Georgetown, a handsome suburb, lying at the 
West, beyond Rock Creek, with fine view from the 
Heights, and much interest in the Aqueduct, carry- 
ing the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal over the Poto- 
mac; also, Georgetown College (Jesuit), at the west 
end of the town, with library, museum, observatory, 
etc.; the Convent of the Visitation, Fayette street; 
Asylum for Children ; Oak Hill Cemetery (with 
handsome Chapel, fine monument to M. Bodisco, 
etc.) To 

Ariington House, former mansion of George 
Washington Parke Custis, stepson of Washington^ 
and later of General Robert E. Lee, of the Confed- 
erate service, but the property since occuj^ied as a 
Freedman's Village, and most of the rare Washing- 
ton and other relics carried away, though the place 
must always retain a certain historical interest. To 

Little and Great Fails, of the Potomac, above 
Georgetown, with handsome scenery, and specially 
fine fishing. [All the last named places are most 
conveniently reached by carriage.] To 



no UtE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO UTHEHN. 183 

Alexandria, old town of Virginia, on the West- 
ern side of the Potomac, seven miles below "Wash- 
ington — once of heavy commercial importance, but 
now decayed. It has interesting historical reminis- 
cences, in the fact that Gen. Braddock's unfortu- 
nate expedition to Fort Duquesne, which brought 
Col. Washington to notice, was fitted out here; also 
in his pew in Christ Church, still preserved, and 
other relics of the Father of his Country. It has a 
later and melancholy interest as the spot (at the 
Marshall House) where Col. Ellsworth, the Zouave, 
and his slayer, Jackson, were both shot, in May, 
1861. It has also a Museum, Court House, Theolog- 
ical Seminary, etc. [Eeached from Washington by 
special boat here and to Mount Vernon; or by regu- 
lar daily boat on way to Acquia Creek, Fortress 
Monroe, and Richmond. Also, by rail or road. 
Railway connection, north to Washington; south 
to Acquia Creek^ Richmond, etc. ; northwest to 
Leesburg, Harper's Ferry, Chambersburffy etc. ; 
west and southwest (through a succession of the 
early battle-fields of the secession war), to Fairfax 
Court House, Manassas Junction (battle-field of 
Bull Bun in immediate neighborhood) connection 
northwestward to Strasburg, Winchester, etc.), War- 
renton Junction (for Warrenton), Culpepper, Orange 
Court House, Gordonsville, Charlottesville (seat 
of the University of Virginia, and with " Monti- 
cello," home of Thomas Jefferson, lying near), Sum- 
mit, and other stations, to 



184 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Staunton, principal depot of the Chesapeake and 
Ohio road (connection northward to Harrisonburg 
and to Harper's Ferry); to Goshen (near connec- 
tions to Kockbridge Alum, Bath Alum, Jordan 
Alum and other Springs; and by stage to Rock- 
bridge Baths, Lexington, the Natural Bridge, &c.); 
to Covington; through the Alleghenies to White Sul- 
phur Springs, (see, for all these connections, Route 
9J); to Huntington, on the Ohio River, terminus 
of the Chesapeake and Ohio road, &c.] 

Of course the most interesting of all excursions 
from Washington will be that to 

Mount Vernon, old residence and burial place 
of Washington, lying on the west bank of the Poto- 
mac, eight miles below Alexandria. It is, to Amer- 
icans, unquestionably the most sacred of places on 
the continent, and only less interesting to those 
from other lands. Though somewhat decayed, the 
Souse (now the property of the Nation, through 
the labors of Edward Everett and the ladies of the 
"Ladies' Mount Vernon Association"), commands a 
beautiful view of the river, is in fair preserva- 
tion, and contains many valuable relics, among 
others, pictures and furniture of Washington, the 
Key of the Bastille, presented to him by Lafayette, 
etc. The Tomb, of brick, stands near the house, 
under heavy shade, with an open grated doorway 
throu^rh which the sarcophagi of Washington and 
his wife are seen; with other tombs of the family 
visible without; the archway of the tomb bearing 
the simple inscription; "Within this enclosure rest 



RO TJTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO UTHERN. 185 

the remains of General George Washing Ion.'' Not 
far distant is the original Tomb, now crumbling to 
dust. [Reached from Washington by boat ; or by- 
boat to Alexandria, and drive, or by drive. If by 
boat, with view of and stop at old Fort Washington, 
once a fortification of some consequence, on the 
eastern side of the Potomac, between Alexandria 
and Mount Vernon.] 

Other Excursions from Washington, those to 
Bull Run, scene of the first important battle of the 
secession [reached from Alexandria, by Manassas 
Junction], and other fields of the late conflict. Also, 
nearly the same, in different directions, with obvious 
variation of railway routes, as those from Baltimore 
— see close of Division B, this route. 

Division F. 

WASHINGTON, TO AND AT RICHMOND, VA. 

Leave Washington by morning boat on the Poto- 
mac river, to Alexandria, Va., on the right, [See pre- 
vious Division] ; thence by Fort Washington, on the 
left [See same], and Mount Vernon, on the right 
[See same] ; or, by rail from Washington to 

Acquia Creek, small village deriving its only im- 
portance from this transit, at the junction of the 
Creek of that name with the Potomac. Thence rail, 
on the Richmond, Fredericsburg and Potomac road, 
to 

Feedekicsbukg, on the right bank of Rappahan- 



186 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

nock Eiver — old town of importance in early Virgi- 
nia history, and especially notable from the fact that 
George Washington was born in the immediate 
neighborhood. This event, so important to the 
Western World, and indeed to all mankind, took 
place upon what has long been known as the Wake- 
field Estate, at an inconsiderable distance from the 
town, within the limits of Westmoreland county ; 
and though the bu'th-place has long been destroyed, 
the spot is commemorated by a stone slab erected 
there by George W. P. Custis, step-son of Washing- 
ton, in 1815, and bearing the brief inscription : 
"Here, the 11th of February, {0. S.) 1732, George 
Washington was Born." The mother of Washington 
resided, late in life, at Fredericsburg, and died and 
was buried there; her monument, in the outskirts of 
the town, inaugurated by President Jackson in 1833, 
still shamefully remaining unfit:ished. The house is 
still pointed out, at the corner of Lewis and Charles 
streets, where she saw hefr distinguished son for the 
last time. Fredericsburg has also a later celebrity, 
as the scene, and in the neighborhood, of a consider- 
able amount of the fighting of the secession war, in 
1862, '63, and later; and the country in the vicinity 
has by no means recovered from the devastation of 
those conflicts. Fredericsburg, by 3Iilford, Chester, 

Sexton's Junction [connection westward, by Ches- 
apeake and Ohio Eailroad, to Gordonsville, Staunton, 
and Wiite Sulphur S^Mngs,'] to 

EicHMOND, on the James River, capital of the 



RO UTB NO. 9.— WESTERN AND 80 UTHERN. 187 

State of Virginia, and ever memorable as the later 
seat of the Confederate Government, and the object 
of an investiture and siege by the United States 
forces, that seemed literally hopeless and intermin- 
able. It lies on the left or north bank of the James, 
at the Lower Falls, or end of that series of raj^ids ex- 
tending six miles above and supplying the city with 
the needed water-power for its many flour-mills, to- 
bacco and other manufactories. The most conspic- 
uous object in the city, from the height of its posi- 
tion as well as from other causes, is 

The Capitol, located on Shockoe Hill, a considera- 
ble elevation, and thus looking down upon the major 
portion of the city. It is Greek in the character of 
its architecture, with porticos, and a tall, narrow 
dome, and is generally impressive in effect, though 
the details are by no means faultless. It stands in a 
public square elevated as above named, and com- 
mands a fine view, especially from the portico or 
dome, over the James Eiver, its islands, and a wide 
stretch of country. Internally, there is not much of 
interest in the legislative halls; the principal at- 
traction centering in the splendid marble statue of 
"Washington, by Houdon, considered the best extant, 
standing in the central hall, under the dome — and 
in the historical reminiscences, now so varied, inevi- 
tably clustering round the principal place of direc- 
tion of the short-lived Confederacy. 

Other Principal Buildings, worth visit: Richmond 
and St. Vincent Colleges; the Gitij Hall, Custom 



188 8E0BT-TBIP OVIDE, 

House and Penitentiary; and, as special objects of 
interest connected with the war, Caatle Thunder and 
the Libby Prison. Also may be visited with profit, 
some of the many Flouring Mills, in which some of 
the best wheat in the world is prepared. Leading 
Churches: St. John's and the Monumental, with 
many others only less interesting. Other objects of 
interest: the old Lines of Fortification defending the 
city during the siege; the Rapids (or Falls of the 
James); the entrance of the James Eiver and 
Kanawha Canal, etc. Leading Hotel: the Ballard. 

[Principal railway connections from Kichmond: 
northward, by routes just traversed, to Washington, 
etc. ; eastward to the White House and Chesapeake 
Bay; southward, by Petersburg and Weldon road, 
to Weldon and Wilmington (N. C); westward, by 
Sexton's Junction and Gordonsville, to Cha/lottes- 
ville, Staunton, Covington, White Sulphur Spings, 
&c,; south-westward, by Bichmond and Danville 
road, to Greensboro (N. C); and Columbia and 
Charleston (S. C); also south-westward, by South 
Side and Tennessee roads (by Burkeville Junction) 
to Lynchburg^ and across the Alleghenies to Knox- 
ville (Tenn.), and other places in extreme south and 
west. (See routes following.)] 



ROUTE No. Q^SPECIAL VIRGINIAN TOUR.'' 

BALTIMORE OR WASHINGTON TO PRINCIPAL VIR- 
GINIA SPRINGS, NATURAL CURIOSITIES 
AND MOUNTAINS, AND TO LYNCH- 
BURG AND RICHMOND. 

Division A. 

BY harper's ferry TO BERKELEY SPRINGS. 

Leave Baltimore or Washington by Baltimore and 
Ohio railroad, along the tipper Potomac and the 
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, with burned bridges 
and other traces of the late secession war, through 
Monocacy Valley to 

Point of Hocks, commencement of the rough di- 
vision made by the Potomac" E-iver between the 
States of Maryland and Virginia (railway con- 
nection northward to Frederick) ; to JIagersfoivn 
Junction (railway connection northward to Ilagers- 
town); to 

* Tickets, information, and all facilities for this tonr, are supplied 
by Messrs. Cook, Son & Jknkins, 2C1 Broadway, New York, one of the 
members of which firm has deserved the thanks of travelers by his 
efforts for better opening Virginia to tourists, and calling closer and 
wider attention to the noble scenery of the section. 



ISda SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

Harper's Ferry, afc the intersection of the Upper 
Potomac with the Shenandoah, and considered one 
of the most picturesque passes in America, as well 
as a point of much importance in late history. (See 
Koute 9, Division B, p. 170.) Among its objects of 
special interest are the ruins of the U. S. Arsenal ; 
Maryland, Loudoun, and other heights, through 
which the Potomac makes its grand passage ; the 
very fine iron bridge over the river, &c. At this 
point the railroad, which has before followed the 
Maryland shore, crosses to that of Virginia, and 
continues for some distance within sight of the Po- 
tomac. The next station of importance is that of 

Martinshurg, famous during the war for conflict- 
ing loyalty and rebelliousness, and the home of the 
ultra-Southern heroine, Belle Boyd ; now a thriving 
towu, with railway-shops, the county Fair-Grounds, 
and a rough but picturesque location. By minor 
stations to 

/Sir Johns Run, on the Potomac, spot of one of the 
encampments of General Braddock, on the way to 
his disastrous defeat at Fort Duquesne, and named 
for Su' John Sinclair, commander of his vanguard. 
Also noted for the experiments of Rumsey, who here 
constructed one of the earliest steamboats. 

[Beyond Sir John's Eun, for Cumberland, Pitts- 
EURG and the West, continue by the Baltimore and 
Ohio road, crossing the AUeghenies, through scenery 
of marked magnificence. See "Route 9|."] 

At Sir John's Run, for the purposes of this tour, 



SPECIAL VIRGINIAN TOUR. 1S9& 

stage is taken, through very fine mountain scenery, 
for a short ride to 

Berkeley Springs, one of the oldest and most 
noted of the Virginia watering-places, at which Gen. 
Washington, Thomas Jefferson and other great men 
of the past had summer residences, and sought 
health and relaxation. The Springs lie in a pleasant 
valley, hemmed in by mountains, and are alleged to 
possess a specially breezy atmosphere, at all seasons; 
and the waters, merely tepid, have a high repute for 
bathing. The place has a certain additional cele- 
brity, as the residence of "Porte Crayon" (Gen. D. 
H. Str other), the well-known illustrator of Virginia 
scenery. Principal Hotel: the Pavilion, with fine 
grounds and Baths of great completeness. 

Eeturn from Berkeley Springs to Sir John's Run 
and to Harper's Ferry, for pursuance of this tour; 
changing cars at Harper's Ferry to Winchester and 
Potomac road. 

Division B. 
harper's ferry to and at weyer's cave. 

Leave Harper's Ferry by the ^yi^^l^sst^^ ^^^ 
Potomac road, down the Shenandoah Valley, with 
shallow river on the left, and many marks of the de- 
struction wrought in the Valley, by fire and other- 
wise, during the secession war. Through a very 
fine agricultural country, opening what is more 
generally called the "Valley of Virginia." Half an 
hour from Harper's Ferry brings 



189c SHORT-TRIP GTIIDB. 

Charlestown, a village of little promi«%ence, but 
always notable, liencefortii, as the place where John 
Brown, of Osawattomie, was tried and executed, for 
his armed invasion of the State, at Harper's Ferry. 
The spot where Brown was hung is visible in a high 
field, at the left of the road, shortly after passing 
through the main village. Continuiug through a 
very rich agricultural country, something less than 
one hour brings 

' Winchester, thriving town of the Valley, with the 
Ice Mountain, where blocks of ice are said to be 
found all the year round; the Capon Springs, the 
Hanging Eocks, and other natural curiosities, with- 
in easy reach — and having now a peculiar historic 
and romantic interest, as the spot of an important 
conflict and the place of termination of T. Bucha- 
nan Read's celebrated poem, "Sheridan's Ride." 
During all this ride down the Valley of Virginia, 
grand mountain scenery accompanies, at a distance, 
the Blue Ridge at the East and the North Moun- 
tain range at the West, seeming to shut the whole 
Valley away from the world. Also, many ravines 
and high bridges add picturesqueness to the journey. 
At 

Strnsburg Junction connection is made with the 
Washington City, Virginia Midland and Great 
Southern railroad, from and to Manassas Junction, 
Washington, Alexandria, &c. Passing Woochtock, 
Mount Jackson, and other stations, and Newmarket 
(stage connection for Gordonsville), is reached. 



SPECIAL V1RGINIA1\ TOUR. IQM 

Harrisonburg, former end of rail in this direction, 
now stopping-place of a certain interest. Hotel, 
Effinger's. Rail may be continued to Staunton ; or, 
at Harri&iburg or Weyer's Cave Station, a few miles 
beyond, stage-coach or private carriage may be 
taken for the ride, through a moderately broken 
country, to 

Weyer's Cave, one of the most remarkable and 
beautiful subterranean passages in the world, and 
considered more varied in its spectacles than the 
Mammoth Cave of Kentucky, though much smaller. 
It lies on one of the branches of the Shenandoah, a 
few miles west of the Blue Ridge, and has been prin- 
cipally made known to the world (though known 
since 1804), by "Porte Crayon," in his "Virginia 
Illustrated." For any adequate impression of this 
cave, its many chambers, great extent, wonderful 
variety, and the singular character of its stalactites 
and stalagmites, dependance must be entirely placed 
upon personal observation, the guide (always in 
readiness), and the local hand-book cheaply sup- 
plied. The visitor should be advised, however, 

(1) that he is undoubtedly visiting one of the 
most notable subterranean marvels in any land ; 

(2) that a considerable amount of fatigue is in- 
volved in any thorough exploration ; but that (3) 
no danger whatever is incurred, if the guide's di- 
rections are obeyed ; though (4) fine clothing is 
apt to become a trifle smirched, and ladies' long 
dresses are out of place ; and (5) night is con- 



189^ SnORT-TRTP GUIDE. 

siclerecl a better time for the ^isit tliau day, as 
the eyes are not subjected to such changes between 
the world outside the cave and the torchlight realm 
within it. Hotel (and place for procuring guide), 
Mohler's Weyer's Cave Hotel. In the vicinity of 
Weyer's Cave are Madison's Cave (described by Thos. 
Jefferson in "Notes on Virginia"), Fountain Cave, 
and others minor but interesting to those making 
longer sojourns. 

From Weyer's Cave, return b^ stage-coach or car- 
riage to connection with the rail between Harris- 
onburg and Staunton, at Weyer's Cave Station, 
thence by rail to Staunton ; or, to Mount Sidney, 
and continue by carriage (turnpike, and fine drive), 
to Staunton. 

Division G. 



SPRINGS. 

Staunton, thriving town of considerable age, 
county town of Augusta County, noted for its Col- 
legiate Schools, and seat of two State institutions of 
consequence — the Hospital for the Insane, and the 
Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb and the Blind, — 
has lately sprung into increased prominence as the 
iiead-quartcrs of the just-completed Chesapeake and 
Ohio railroad, extending from Chesapeake Bay to 
the Ohio Kiver. It has also additional importance 



8PEG1AL VlBOINlAli TOUM. 189/ 

as a place of rendezvous for tourists to the various 
springs and natural curiosities adjacent. Principal 
hotel : the Amervmn. [Railway connections, east 
to Charlottesmlle, Richmoisd, Norfolk, &c.; west by- 
route about to be traversed ; south by stage (rail in 
contemplation) to Bonsack's, and the Virginia and 
Tennessee road, for the south-west.] 

From Staunton, for pursuance of this route — by 
the Chesapeake and Ohio Raih'oad, by 

Goshen, village with important connections to 
many of the more important Springs, the Natural 
Bridge, &c., (hereafter to be noted); at this point 
the scenery along the road commencing and con- 
tinuing to be singularly wild and grand, ranking 
among the best of its class in America — all the dis- 
tance through and from the North Mountain chain, 
to and through the AUeghenies. Among the most 
prominent points to be noted, are the rocky pass of 
Panther Gap, the huge bulk of Griffith's Kaob, 
and the picturesque mouth of the Cow Pasture 
River. At 

Millhoro is the point of leaving the rail by coach 
for the Warm Springs, and the Warm Spring Moun- 
tain, long celebrated for grandeur of view. Pursu- 
ing route by the rail, however, is passed the grand 
sceuery of Clifton Forge, with the wild entrance of 
Jackson's River ; and not far beyond is reached 

Covington, mere railway hamlet ; beyond which 
point the scenery is even wilder than before, with 
the great Clay Cut, the tremendous embankment 



189^ SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

of Jerry's Kun, and two immense Tunnels — the 
second and longest through one of the mountains 
of the main Allegheny ridge ; shortly after which 
are reached 

White Sulphur Springs (station, and place of pop- 
ular resort). 

[Beyond the White Sulphur Springs, for those 
going west, rail is continued, by Gauley Bridge, 
Charleston, Barhoursville, &c., to Huntington and the 
OhioKiver.j The 

White Sulphue Speings (hotel and grounds) lie 
very near the station. The grounds are very ex- 
tensive, and well laid out ; and the hotel building, 
taking name from the Springs, is large and commo- 
dious, though old (having entertained the flower of 
Southern aristocracy through the summers of more 
than half a century), while nearly one hundred cot- 
tages, in " Kows,'' circling the grounds, afford favor- 
ite accommodation. The waters of the Springs are 
strongly sulphuric, as the name indicates, and are 
held to be a specific in many diseases ; though no 
doubt the principal attraction of the X3lace is, after 
all, compounded of fashion and the fine surround- 
ing scenery. 



SPECIAL VIRGINIAN TOUR. 189/i 

Division D. 

TO LEXINGTON, THE NATURAL BRIDGE, LYNCHBURG 
AND RICHMOND. 

Return, from the White Sulphur Springs, by Ches- 
apeake and Ohio road, by Covington, &c., to 

Goshen, before named in proceeding westward — 
important as being the center or point of departure 
for many places of popular resort. [Among others 
reached from Goshen by coach, are the Cold White 
Sulphur Springs, 2 miles ; the Rockbridge Alum 
Springs, 8 miles; and the Jordan Alum Springs, 8 
miles; besides others embraced in the tour follow- 
ing.] 

Leave Goshen, by stage coach, through the very 
wild and picturesque Goshen Pass, along the North 
Fork of the James River, to 

Rockbridge Baths, popular place of summer resort, 
beside the North Fork of the James, and with 
iodine and magnesia waters, said to be of the first 
excellence. Hotel: the Rockbridge Baths. 

From Rockbridge Baths, continue by stage-coach 
to 

Lexington, important town and tourist center, 
seat of the Virginia Military Institute, and of Wash- 
ington and Lee University, and with the tombs 
of Generals Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson 
commanding attention. Has also, at the University, 
au Astronomical Observatory of note, founded by 
McCormick, inventor of the Reaper, a native of 



189i SEOUT-TBIP GUIDE. 

this county (Rockbridge). Leading Hotel: the Na- 
iional. 

[From Lexington, by stage or private carriage, 
excursion may be made to the Peaks of Otter, moun- 
tains of peculiar beauty, southward; or stage may be 
taken to Bonsack's, and connection made with the 
Virginia and Tennessee road.] 

From Lexington, by stage or carriage, to the 
Natural Beidge, first curiosity of Virginia, and 
one of the grandest in the world. It crosses, in 
a natural arch of some ninety feet, and with a 
height of over two hundred feet, the deep chasm of 
Cedar Creek, flowing into the James; and, neither 
pen nor pencil can do justice to the absolute gran- 
deur of the structure, as witnessed from below and 
above. Best points of view, and peculiar oddities 
of resemblance to faces and animals under the arch, 
pointed out by guides. The tourist may or may not 
recognize the Eagle with outstretched wings, the 
Lion's Head, the Goddess of Liberty, and other 
striking similitudes to men and animals, in the 
moss and discoloration of the under-surface; but it 
is sure that he will realize the grandeur of the struc- 
ture, which is so wide, above, and so solid, that one 
of the great public roads of the county passes over 
it, and thousands ride across in stage-coach or wagon 
without being aware of the terrible gulf beneath, 
except their attention is called to it. Much inte- 
rest is always excited by the initials cut at different 
heights under the arch, by adventurous climbers; 



SPECIAL YTRGimAN TOUR. 189; 

and many fancy, perhaps witli reason, that those of 
George Washington (known to have been a visitor 
and admirer of the Natural Bridge) may be dis- 
covered in a certain locahty. From above, at both 
sides, very fine views over the creek and the adjacent 
country may be obtained; though prudence should 
be observed in going near to either edge. There is 
also a view, at some distance from the road, of the 
Bridge itself, which should not be lost. Hotel: the 
Natural Bridge. Some notable Caves lie in the 
neighborhood, partaking o.f the character of Weyer's 
and others. 

From Natural Bridge, by carriage, to Gilmour's 
Mill; and thence daily (evening) packet-boat on 
the James River and Kanawha Canal, through fine 
scenery, to 

Lynchburg, on the James Biver — flourishing town, 
and great depot of the tobacco trade, as well as rail- 
way center of importance. [Connections, westward 
by the Virginia and Tennessee road ; northward to 
Charlottesville and Gordonsville, for Eastern Virginia, 
Washikgton, &c. ; southward to Danville, for North 
Carolina, &c. ; eastward by route about to be trav- 
ersed.] Leading Hotels: the JVor veil and Fiedmont. 

From Lynchburg, by the South Side railroad, by 
Burkeville Junction, to Richmond. (See Route 9, 
p. 186 and following.) 

Richmond to Washington by reverse of route 9, 
Division E, p. 185; or by Chesapeake and Ohio road 
to Gordonsville (Junction), and thence by Wash- 



189yfc SHORT- TMIP GUIDE. 

ington City, Virginia Midland and Great Southern 
road, — for return northward; or eastward, or south- 
ward, by other lines of connection from that city. 
(See Route 9, p. 188.) 



ROUTE No. ^i -WESTERN AND SOUTH-WESTERN, 

WASHINGTON OR BALTIMORE, BY BALTIMORE AND 

OHIO ROAD, TO CUMBERLAND, GRAFTON, AND 
WHEELING ; AND TO CHICAGO, ST. LOUIS, ETC. 

Division A. 
WASHINGTON OR BALTIMORE TO GRAFTON. 

Washington or Baltimore, by B. and O. Eoad, 
to Sir John's Kim, as by previous route (" Special 
Virginia Tour," No. 9J), with unequalled oppor- 
tunities, on all the earlier portions of this route, 
through and by the Maryland towns, for visiting 
some of the most noted battle-fields of the secession 
war, to wit: Gettysburg from Frederick, Antietam 
from Hagersioivn or Point of Rocks, &c. 

Passing Point of Rocks, Harper's Ferry, &c., as by 
that route, and with or without detour at Sir John's 
Bun, to Berkeley Springs, as also by that route, — 

From Sir John's Run, continuing west, the rail- 
road crosses the Great Cacapon by a fine bridge 300 
feet long, and the Potomac (south branch) by one 
400 ft. long; and then, passing by a Viaduct 700 ft. 
long, crosses to the N. side of the Potomac into 
Maryland again; and next reaches 

Cumberland, the second city of the State of Mary- 
land, situated at the eastern foot of the range of the 
Alleghenies. It is the center of a most important 
coal and ii'on district; has some handsome public 
buildings, and hotel; is the seat of large iron works, 
the railroad repairing-shoi^s, and one of the largest 
steel rolling-mills in the country. Cumberland is 
the Eastern terminus of the Great National Boad 
through WheeliDg, &c., to the Mississippi; also the 
Western, termination of the Chesapeake and Ohio 
Canal; both of which modes of transit, of the great- 



189m SEORT-TBIP GUIDE. 

est importance in their day, have been to a great 
extent superseded by railroads. 

[Railway connections from Cumberland to Cor- 
nellsville and Pittsburgh; also to the Oil Regions of 
Pennsylvania. Short ride xia Bridgeport, to the 
celebrated Bedford Springs.] 

Leaving Cumberland, westward, is entered the 
grand scenery of the Ascent of the Alleghenies, for 
some 45 miles, among the best on the continent, to 
the summit, at Altamont. Important points are 
passed, on this ascent, at Keijser, 21 miles from 
Cumberland, and at Piedmont (the "mountain foot"), 
28 miles from Cumberland. [Important connections, 
at Piedmont, with the Cumberland and Pennsylvania 
Railroad, through the coal and iron regions, among 
the most important in those productions in America.] 

At Piedmont commences the famous " 17-mile 
grade," reaching the summit of the Alleghenies at Al- 
tamont, 2,720 feet above tide-water at Baltimore. 
Near Altamont, some three miles distant, at Deer 
Park, is the favorite hotel and summer-resort, the 
Deer Park House. The descending grade of the Alle- 
ghenies is commenced at Cranberry Summit, 23 miles 
from Altamont; and very soon after, the magniiicent 
scenery of the Cheat River Valley and the river of the 
same name comes into view. The scenery of this 
valley is considered almost unrivalled. The valley is 
crossed by a noble viaduct; and the ascent of the 
" Cheat River Grade" exposes the sj^lendid scenery 
of the Laurel Hill range. Among the best and bold- 
est engineering work in America is to be found on 
this road, during the passage to Cassidys Summit. 
Again descending, King Wood Tunnel is' passed 
through, 4,100 feet in length. Shortly after is reached 



RO UTE NO. 9f .— WESTERN AND SO UTHERN 189^1 

Neivbur^gh, (W.Va.), 2G7 miles from Baltimore. Be- 
yond, tlie rapid descent of the Three Forks leads to 

Graf Ion, 1,000 feet above tide-water at Baltimore, 
where diverge the two great sub-divisions of the Bal- 
timore and Ohio: 1st, the Central Ohio Division, to 
Newark, Columbus, Sandusky, &c., thence to Chicago; 
and, 2d, the Main Line to Parker Hhurg, with connec- 
tions to Cincinnati, St.Louis, theWest and Southwest. 

division B. 
GRAFTON BY WHEELING TO CHICAGO. 

Prominent places passed on this route are : ; 

Fairmount, (W. Va.), county seat of Marion Co.; 
Mannington, among the beautiful scenery of the Buf- 
falo Valley; Moundsville, near which arise the won- 
drous Indian Mounds of such size and prominence, 
puzzling all the historians and men of science; Ben- 
wood (with connection to Wheeling); Bellair (en- 
trance into the State of Ohio); Cambridge; Zanesmlle, 
important town and county seat of Muskingum Co.; 
Newark, county seat of Licking; Columbus, capital of 
Ohio (see p. 202) ; [detour from Newark] ; Mansfield^ 
county seat of Richland; Shelby [connection, by the 
Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis R, 
R., with the Atlantic & Gt. Western and Erie roads, 
direct to New York and the East] ; Sandusky, im- 
portant town of Lake Erie; thence by Tiffin (railway 
junction t)f importance). Defiance, &c., to Chicago. 

Division C. 
GKAFTON BY PARKERSBURG TO ST. LOUIS. 
Passing through a mountainous and wooded 
country, producing coal and petroleum in great 
abundance, is reached 



189t^ SHORT -TRIP OUJDE. 

Parkersburg, (W. Va.), county seat of Wood Co., 
on the Ohio, at the mouth of the Little Kanawha— 
prosperou'"^ town, and center of petroleum and other 
industries. The Ohio river is here crossed bj^ one 
of the most magnificent bridges in the world, with 
a height above tide-water of some 80 feet, spans of 
350 feet, and a total length of one mile, 550 yards. 
Two miles below may be seen Blennerkassetfs Island, 
so intimately connected with the fortunes of Aaron 
Bnrr and his alleged victim, Herman Blennerhasset. 
At Belpre are to be found the great stock-yards of 
the company. The next place of importance is 
Athens, (O.), county seat of county of same name, 
and seat of the State University and one of the State 
Lunatic Asylums. Many of the noted Indian 
Mounds in the neighborhood. [Railway connection 
to OoLUMBus, by Hocking Valley road.] Then follow 
Hamden, [branch road to Portsmouth, county seat of 
Scioto, and center of coal and iron industries] ; 

Chilicothe, founded in 1796, and capital of Ohio 
until 1810 — now county seat of Ross, and with many 
handsome public and other buildings [branch rail to 
Hillsboro] ; Loveland [connection wdth the Little 
Miami road]; to Cincinnati, (see p. 204). 

From Cincinnati, by Lawrenceburgh [connection 
to Indianapolis] ; North Vernon [branch to Louisville, 
Ohio, and steamers on that river] ; Flora [connec- 
tions north to Beardstown, south to ShawneetoAvn. 
&c.]; Odin [connection south to CazVo, New Okleans, 
&C.1 This route terminates with the crossing of the 
Mi-sissippi river, by one of the most stupendous and 
magnificent iron bridges in the world, to St. Louis. 



ROUTE No. 10-SQUTH-WESTERN (SEMI-SKELE- 
TON.) 

KICHMOND BY RALEIGH, WILMINGTON, COLUMBIA, 

CHARLESTON, ATLANTA, MONTGOMERY AND 

MOBILE, TO NEW ORLEANS. 

Kichmond by rail on Petersburg and Weldon road, 
to Petersburg (with fortifications remaining, and 
other traces of the late struggle). [Connection 
south-eastward to Suffolk and Norfolk.] Thence 
by Hickford Junction [connection south to Weldon^ 
Goldsboro and Wilmington], where Ealeigh and Gas- 
ton road is taken, — and by Bidgeivay Junction ; to 

Raleigh, capital of the State of North Carolina, 
on the Neuse River, and named after Sir Walter 
Raleip^h. It has an imposing State House, hand- 
some Union Square, State Lunatic Asylum and many 
other objects of interest. From Raleigh; by the 
North Carolina and Wilmington roads, to 

Wilmington, on the Cape Fear River, largest and 
chief commercial city of the State, with steamers to 
New York; extensive exports of naval stores; some 
good public buildings; Forts Fisher and Caswell 
(bombarded during the war), etc. Wilmington, by 
Columbia and Augusta road to Florence ; thence by 
North-eastern road to 

Charleston, principal city of South Carolina, 



190 SEOBT-TPJP OUIDE. 

and one of the leading sea-ports of the South [may- 
be reached by steamer direct from New York], as 
well as especially celebrated as having been the spot 
at which the first fighting of the secession occurred, 
and for a long time the stronghold of the Confede- 
rates and object of Federal siege. It lies at the 
confluence of the Ashley and Cooper rivers, has a 
fine harbor, and very strong fortifications, in FoiHs 
Moultrie, Casile Finckney, etc, and also the ruins of 
the celebrated Fort Sumter. It has many good pub- 
lic buildings, though many were destroyed during 
the war, from which the city is only slowly recover- 
ing. Among the most interesting buildings are the 
Old State House (now Court House), Neio Custom 
House, City Hall, Or2jhan Amjlwri, St. IlidtaeVs 
Church (with fine old tower), Charledon College, etc. 
Principal Public Ground: the Battery, at the har- 
bor-side. Principal Cemetery: Magnolia Cemetery, 
considered the finest in the South. Leading Hotels: 
the Charleston, Mills House and Parilion. [Near 
connection south-westward, by Charleston and Sa- 
vannah road, to 

Savannah, principal town of the State of Georgia, 
on south bank of the Savannah Eiver, with remark- 
ably wide streets, fine shade, many notable public 
buildings, revolutionary and secession reminiscences, 
and considered one of the healthiest of the Southern 
cities. Principal Hotels: the Screven, Pulaski^ 
and 3Iarshall. Connection from Savannah south- 
westward to Tallahassee and other towns of Florida.] 



BO TJTE NO. m-SO UTH- WESTERN. 191 

From Charleston, by South Carolina road, by 
Branchville and Kings ville, to 

Columbia, capital of South Carolina, beautifully 
situated on the Congaree river, with what is consid- 
ered the handsomest State-Capitol in the Union, the 
SoiUh Carolina College, and many other attractions, 
though burned during the war, and only partially 
recovered. Leading Hotel : Nickerson's. From Co- 
lumbia, by Columbia and Augusta road, to 

Augusta, important town of Georgia, and second 
in the State ; on the Savannah Kiver, with Powder 
and Cotton Factories, a large U. S. Arsenal in the 
neighborhood, handsome City Hall, and many at- 
tractions as a residence. Leading Hotels : the Au~ 
gusta and Planters'. From Augusta, westward, by 
the Georgia road, to 

Atlanta, capital of the State of Georgia, lying at 
the intersection of the Georgia road west, the At- 
lantic road southward from Chattanooga and Nash- 
ville, the Macon road south to Macon, &c. ; and with 
a certain other interest in its siege during the war, 
and as the point of departure of Sherman, on his 
" March to the Sea." Hotel : the Kimball. From 
Atlanta, by Atlanta and West Point and Montgom- 
ery and West Point roads, by West Point, to 

MoNTGOMEKY, Capital of Alabama, and for a time 
the seat of the Confederate Government, before re- 
moval to Richmond. It lies on the Alabama river, 
has a commanding site, a Capitol worthy of atten- 
tion, and many other good buildings, though having 



192 SHORT-TRIP OUIDE. 

several times suffered severely by fire. Prominent 
Hotels : the Central and Exchange. From Mont- 
gomery south-westward, by Mobile and Montgomery 
road, by Pollard (Junction : railway connection to 
Pensacola, handsome town on Pensacola Bay, near 
the Gulf of Mexico, with fine harbor, U. S. Naval 
Station, etc. — leading Hotels : Bedell, Winter and 
St. Mary's Hall)-, to 

Mobile, on the Bay of the same name, branch of 
the Gulf of Mexico. It is the most important sea- 
port of Alabama, and, in spite of bad navigation, the 
second of the great cotton ports of the Gulf. It 
has few public buildings of interest, but fine water- 
views, extensive fortifications, and a romantic his- 
toric interest as the scene of Farragut's fearful " pas- 
sage of the Forts," and lashing himself in the shrouds 
of his vessel in the midst of their fire. [Communi- 
cation by steamers and sailing vessels, to New Or- 
leans, Galveston, and many other ports on the Gulf.] 
Leading Hotel : the Battle House. From Mobile, by 
Mobile and Texas road, to 

New Orleans, largest city of the State of Loui- 
siana, and first cotton port of the South, as well as 
entrepot for products coming down the Mississippi 
Biver, of which it lies at near the debouchure into 
the Gulf of Mexico. New Orleans, familiarly called 
the "Crescent City," from its shape on the river, 
used also to be called the "Paris of America," and 
has not quite lost all the characteristics of gaiety; 
bestowing the name. It hes on land lower than the 



K^ UTE No. 10.— SOUTH- WESTEMN. 193 

river, rendering necessary a great embankment, call- 
ed the Levee, which also supplies both wharves and 
promenades, along which may be seen the most 
marked features of the city. Among the later nota- 
ble events connected, were another " passing of the 
Forts," below {Forts Jackson and St. Philip), by 
Admiral Farragut, and the occupation of the city by 
the somewhat-unpojpular commandant, Gen. B. F. 
Butler. Among the most important buildings are 
the Custom House, Canal Street, one of the largest in 
America ; the U. S. Branch Mint ; the City Hall ; 
Odd Fellows' Hall ; Masonic Hall ; Merchants' Ex- 
change ; U. S. Murine Hospital, etc. It has many fine 
churches, with the Roman Catholic Cathedral of St. 
Louis the most prominent ; and of its public grounds 
the most notable are the New City Park, Lafayette 
Square, Jackson Square, etc. Most attractive Ceme- 
teries : Cypress Grove, Greem-jood, and Monument 
(soldier's). There are two Monuments of interest : 
the Clay, on Canal Street, and the Jackson (unfin- 
ished) on the Battle-field, below the city. One of 
the most interesting features of New Orleans is to 
be found in the Markets, which should be visited 
early in the morning, not only to observe the im- 
mense variety of articles on sale, but the negro, half- 
Spanish and half-French characters of dealers and 
customers. Principal Theatres : the Opei^a Houses 
St. Charles, Varieties and Academy of Music. Prom- 
inent Hotels: the St. Charles, St. Louis, St. James, 
and City. Excursions may be made to the Battle- 



194 SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

field, scene of Gen. Jackson's victory over Sir Ed- 
mund Pakenham, Jan. 8th, 1815, four or five miles 
below the city ; to the U. S. Barracks, a little above ; 
to Lake Ponchartrain, above the city (famous for fish- 
ing and shooting, in the season); to the Delta and 
the 3Iouths of the Mississippi, some twenty-five miles 
below. 

[New Orleans has regular communication, by 
steamer, to New York ; to Havana (Cuba) ; to Gal- 
veston (Texas) ; and nearly all important Gulf ports. 
Also by steamer up the Mississippi, to Memphis, 
Cairo, St. Louis, and all important towns on that 
river. Also by rail, hj Jackson (Miss.) to 3Iemphis ; 
and thence to all towns and cities in the North, 
North-east or North-west. 



ROUTE NO. n -SOUTH-WESTERN {SKELETON.) 

WASHINGTON OR RICHMOND, BY LYNCHBURG, 

KNOXVILLE AND CHATTANOOGA, TO 

MOBILE AND NEW ORLEANS. 

Washinf^ton by rail, by Alexandria ; and by 
Orange, Alexandria and Manassas road (by Manassas 
Junction) to Charlottesville (Junction — connection 
westward to Staunton, etc.) ; thence direct to Lynch- 
burg. Or, Kichmond by South Side road to BurJce- 
ville (Junction — intersection with Kichmond and 
Danville road, southward) ; thence direct by Appo- 
mattox, and other stations, to 

Lynchbueg, on the James Kiver, and the James 
Eiver and Kanawha Canal — important tobacco-depot 
and flourishing town. ^ [Most convenient railway 
point, from which to reach, by canal-packet or car- 
riage, those great natural curiosities, the Natural 
Bridge and the (Mountain) Peaks of Otter.'] From 
Lynchburg, by Virginia and Tennessee road, by 
Bonsack's [stage connection to Natural Bridge, 
Lexington, &c.] ; Big Tunnel [passage of the Alle- 
gheny Mountains ; horse-car connection to Alle- 
gheny Springs] ; Bristol, and other stations, to 

KnoxviUe, important town of the State of Ten- 
nessee, on the Holston River, with the University of 



196 SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

East Tennessee, many railway connections, and nmcli 
popularity as a place of residence. Kuoxville to 

Chattanooga, on the Tennessee river, near the 
boundaries of Alabama and Georgia, and one of the 
most important railway centres of the south-west ; 
but additionally celebrated, since the war, for the 
battles of Chiclcamauga and Lookout MountaiUj 
fought in the immediate neighborhood. Iq the 
vicinity of the Lookout (easily visited from Chatta- 
nooga,) is to be found scenery of equal grandeur and 
loveliness. Hotel : the Gratchfield House. Chatta- 
nooga, by the Alabama and Chattanooga road, by 
Tuscaloosa and other important stations, to 

MeiHdioM, railway town of the State of Mississippi, 
[with connections east to Montgomery^ west to Jach- 
son (capital of the State), north to Memphis, etc.] 
From Meridian, by the Mobile and Ohio road, direct 
to Mobile and New Orleans, as in Koute No. 10. 



ROUTE No. Wh-SOUTHERN iSEMhSKELETON.) 

BALTIMORE (BY WASHINGTON AND RICHMOND) TO 

WELDON, WILMINGTON, CHARLESTON, 

SAVANNAH, THE FLORIDA 

RESORTS, ETC. 

Leave Baltimore, by Baltimore and Ohio, or Balti- 
more and Potomac route (see Koute No. 9, p. 171, 
&c.), to Washington (see p. 172). From Washing- 
ton, by Baltimore and Potomac Railroad, and con- 
nections, by Fredericksburg (see p. 185), Richmond 
(see p. 186), Petersburg (see p. 189/), to 

Weldon, town of some importance, of North Caro- 
lina. At Weldon, connection by the Seaboard and 
Roanoke Railroad, to Norfolk and the steamboat 
line on the Chesapeake Bay to Baltimore for Wash- 
ington and the North. Also, at Weldon, connection 
by the Wilmington and Weldon Railroad, to 

Wilmington, chief commercial city of the State of 
North Carolina, and great naval store depot, on Cape 
Fear River (see Route No. 10). From Wilmington 
by Florence to Columbia, capital of South Carolina, 
by the Wilmington, Columbia and Augusta Railway 
(see p. 191) ; and by brief connecting road, to Au- 
gusta, Georgia (see p. 191.) From Augusta, brief 
ride to AiJcen, celebrated health-resort of South Caro- 
lina, enjoying remarkable freedom from cold winds 



196& snORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

of the Atlantic slope. From Augusta by Ihe Cen- 
tral Georgia Bailroad, to Savannah (see p. 190). Or, 
with return from Augusta or Columbia to Florence^ 
rail on North-eastern Railroad to Charleston Tsee p. 
189/), and by the Savannah and Charleston Railroad 
to Savannah (see p. 190). 

From Charleston, for Florida, by boat, every Fri- 
day and Saturday evening, touching at Savannah, 
Thence to Fernandina, Jacksonville, St. John'a Pdver 
ports, and to Falatka. Or from Savannah by boat, 
as in connection. 

From Savannah (all rail), rail on the Atlantic and 
Gulf, and Jacksonville, Pensacola and Mobile road.s, 
to Jacksonville. Branch rail, Jacksonville to Fer- 
nandina. 

For Tallahassee, iSt. Marks, and Apalachicola, rail 
on Atlantic and Gulf road from Savannah ; or on 
Jacksonville, Pensacola and Mobile road, from Jack- 
sonville. 

For Pensacola (and for Mobile), rail as for Talla- 
hassee, &c. 

For Cedar Keys, rail on Florida road, from Fer- 
nandina, or from Jacksonville. 

For St. Augustine, daily morning boat up the St. 
John's River from Jacksonville, landing at Tocoi — 
thence St. John's Railroad, about one hour. The 
game steamer, from Jacksonville, for Mandarin, Hi- 
hernia, Magnolia, Green Cove Springs, Picolata, and 
Palatka; with smaller boats making trips further up 
the river to Dunn's Lake, Lake George, &c. 



ROUTE NO. 12 -WESTERN. 

NEW YORK TO PHILA.DELPHTA, HARRTSBURG, 

PITTSBURG, CINCINNATI, ST. LOUIS, CHICAGO, 

ETC., BY PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD 

AND CONNECTIONS. 

Dhdsion A. 

NEW YORK TO PHILADELPHIA, OR MANTUA 
JUNCTION. 

Leave New York (as by Koute No. 8) by the Penn- 
sylvania ro.id, by Jersey City, Newark, Elizabeth, Rah- 
way, New Brunswick, Tnnton, etc., to Philadelphia, 
if for slop at that city ; if for through passage to 
the West, without btop at Philadelphia, New York 
by the same towns to Mantua Junction, where close 
through-connection is made. 

Division B. 

PHILADELPHIA, OR MANTUA JUNCTION, TO AND 
AT HARRISBURG. 

Leave Philadelphia (West Philadelphia), or Man- 
tua Junction, if without stop at Philadelphia, by 
rail, by the Peunsylvania Railroad ; by Doivning- 
ion [corineclion northward for Waynesburg] ; by 
Coatesville [connection northward for Beading, south- 
ward for Wibnington'], etc. ; to 

Lancaster, pleasantly situated on the Conestoga 
Creek, in a line agricultural section ; seat of Franklin 



198 SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

and Marshall College ; with Court House and other 
creditable buildings, and interesting series of Canal 
Locks in the neighborhood, at mouth of the creek. 
Was for some years, at beginning of the century, the 
seat of government of Pennsylvania. Leading Ho- 
tels : the Cif'?/, and MichaeVs. Lancaster, by Branch 
Intersection [connection northward to Reading, 
southward for Columbia, York, etc.], Mt. Joy and 
Middletown, to 

Haerisbukg, capital of the State of Pennsylvania, 
on the east bank of the Susquehanna river (origi- 
nally "Harris' Ferry" over that river). The most 
notable building is the Capitol, on high ground, 
with fine view from the dome, with State Library, 
Legislative Chambers, etc. Also should be visited, 
the Court Souse ; the Old Harris Mansion ; and 
some of the extensive Iron and Steel Works in the 
vicinity ; as well the Sasquehanna river and some 
of the bridges spanning it — one of them very old, 
and showing a remarkably high arch. Principal 
street ; Front Street. Principal Public Ground ; 
Harris Park, Prominent Hotels ; the Lochiel, 
Jones House, and Bolton's. [Important railway con- 
nections from Harrisburg : by Lebanon Valley road, 
east to Lebanon and Beading ; by Northern Central 
road, southeast to Baltimore, etc. ; by the same 
road northward to Elmira smd the Erie Railway and 
its connections : by Cumberland Yalley road, south- 
westward for Carlisle, Chamber sburg, etc. ; by Phila- 
delphia and Erie road, northwestward for Williams- 
port J Carry, Brie and Oil Regions.] 



nOUTE NO. 12.— WESTERN. 199 

Division G. 
HARRISBURG TO AND AT PITTSBURG, WirEELINO, ETC. 

From Harrisburg, continuing by Pennsylvania 
Central road ; by Lewistown [connection northward 
for Milroy, northeastward for Sunhury, etc.] ; by 
Tyrone [connection northeastward to Lock Haven 
and the Philadelphia and Erie road, northwest to 
Clearfield, etc.] ; by Huntington, etc., to 

Altoona, at the commencement of the ascent of 
the Allegheny Mountains ; great locomotive-shop 
of the Pennsylvania Central Company ; and sur- 
rounded by magnificent mountain-scenery, making 
a sojourn very pleasant in summer. Hotel : the 
Logan House. [Spur southward to Martinsburg, 
and stage thence to Bedford Springs.] From Al- 
toona should be made, by daylight, to enjoy the fine 
scenery, the 

Railway ascent of the Alleghenies, with features 
quite as grand as most of the Alpine rail-routes, 
and double power necessary in drawing up the 
trains. An immense Tunnel, nearly three-quarters 
of a mile in length, is passed through before reach- 
ing the summit, at 

Cjresson (Cresson Springs), a popular summer- 
resort, on account of its elevation and healthful 
air. Hotel : the Mountain House. [Spur north- 
ward to Ebensbury.l From Cresson the descent of the 
Alleghenies is made, without the use of steam, the 
speed being regulated by brake-power; to Gonemaugh 
Station; and to Johnstown, with the extensive Cam- 



200 8E0BT-TBIP GUIDE. 

bria IronWorks in the neighborhood, and heavy man- 
ufactures. Hotel : the Scott House. From Johns- 
town, by Blairsville [connection northward for In- 
dianaj northwestward to Freeport and points on Al- 
legheny Valley road] ; by Greenshurg, etc., to 

Pittsburg, at the confluence of the Allegheny 
and Monongahela rivers (forming the commence- 
ment of the Ohio) ; and on the spot once occupied 
by old Fi rt Duquesue ; with Braddock's Field, of 
the French war, in the near vicinity. Very exten- 
sive manufactures are carried on, in Pittsburg, in 
AUeyheny City (across the Allegheny, and connected 
by line bridges), in Birmingham (similarly situated 
across the Monougahela, with bridges), Lawrence- 
ville, and other suburbs — in iron, glass, steel, brass, 
wooden-ware, and many other industries. It is also 
a great coal and oil centre, and has the smokiest 
atmosphere in America. 

lu addition to the Manufactories and the exten- 
sive Railway Buildings, other objects of interest 
will be found m the Levee (wharves) on the Monon- 
gahela; the Ohio and Mississippi boats loading there, 
with many pecuHarities for the stranger ; the In- 
clined Railway up Mount Washington, across the 
Monongahela, whence a fine view of the city may 
be commanded, etc. Among prominent public 
and other buildings will be noticed the Roman 
Catholic Cathedral; Presbyterian and Baptist 
Churches ; Court House ; Custom House ; (with 
Post Office) ; new City Hall ; 3Iercantile Library 
Hall, etc. ; and in Allegheny City, the Theological 



iiO riTE NO. i2.— WESTkBN. 201 

Seminaries, Western Penitentiary, etc., and more 
elegant residences of the citizens. There are no 
less than four Cemeteries : the Allegheny ; St. 
Mary's; Hilldale ; and ML Union. Leading Ho- 
tels : the Monongahela, Union, St. Charles, and 
Merchants'. 

(Railway connections from Pittsburg are very 
general. Northward, by the Allegheny Valley road, 
to Venango, Oil City, and the Oil Regions generally ; 
eastward by route just traversed ; westward, to places 
named, by the Pittsburg, Cincinnati and St. Louis 
and Pittsburg, Fort Wayne and Chicago roads ; 
northwestward to Cleveland, by Cleveland and Pitts- 
burg road ; and to Erie by the Erie and Pittsburg 
road ; southeastward to Cumberland, Harper's Ferry, 
etc., by the Pittsburg and Baltimore and Washing- 
ton road. There is also steamboat communication, 
down the Ohio river to Wheeling and thence to 
Cincinnaii, during the open season.] 

From Pittsburg, by Cleveland and Pittsburg 
road, a visit may be paid to 

Wheeling, West Virginia, a large and important 
town, lying at a debouchure of Wheeling Creek 
into the Ohio River — with manufactures of the same 
character as those of Pittsburg, only second to them 
in extent. Apart from its Manufactures, the two 
greatest points of interest are the Wire Suspension 
Bridge of the National Road, with 1,000 feet of span ; 
and the new and splendid Baihvay Bridge. Oil and 
coal trade also immense, as at Pittsburg. [Railway 
connection southeastward by the Baltimore and Ohio 



202 SEOUT-TRIP GUIDE. 

road to Harper's Ferry, Baltimore and Washington 
eastward to Pittsburg and northwestward to Cleve- 
land and Lake Erie, by the Cleveland and Pittsburg 
road. Or, by Baltimore and Ohio road, from 
Wheeling by Belle Air ; and Zanesville, thriving 
and handsome town on the Muskingum River, 
with immense water-power and fine railroad-bridge 
— [connection south westward, by Cincinnati and 
Muskingum Valley road, to Cincinnati) : to Newark^ 
Columbus, etc. Steamboat communication to Pitts- 
burg, and down the Ohio to Cincinnati during the 
open season. Hempfield railway will connect di- 
rectly to Pittsburg when completed.] 

Division D. 
PITTSBURG TO AND AT COLUMBUS, OHIO. 

From Pittsburg, by rail, on the Pittsburg, Cin- 
cinnati and St. Louis road (or from Wheeling by 
rail to same point) ; by 

Steubenville, pleasant village on the Ohio river, 
county seat of Jefferson County, with many manu- 
factures and fine scenery in the neighborhood ; by 
Mingo Junction [connection northwestward to Cleve- 
land, eastward to Rochester, etc.] ; by Dennison, 
Coshocton, and Dresden Junction [connection south 
to Zanesville, etc.] ; to 

Newark, handsome and thriving town on the 
Licking river, with extensive railway connections : 
roads to Sandusky and Lake Erie, to Zanesville and 
the south, intersecting. From Newark to 

Columbus, on the Scioto Eiver, capital of the 



RO UTE NO. 13. - WESTERN. 203 

State of Ohio, and one of the most important towns 
of the State. It is beautifully laid out and very 
handsomely shaded ; Broadivay, its main street, 
being considered unsurpassed. The Capitol, on the 
elegant public ground, Capitol Square, has fine 
chambers, good sculptures and pictures ; and 
there are, of other public buildings of interest, 
the City Hall ; U. S. Arsenal, with fine high 
grounds ; State Penitentiary ; Central Ohio Lunatic 
Asylum (building, in place of that burned in 1868) ; 
Blind and Deaf and Dumb Asylums ; Starling 
Medical College; St. Mary's Female Seminary, etc. 
Also worthy of attention are the Holly Water 
Works, with steam raising-power. Other Public 
Grounds than the one already named, and the fine 
ones surrounding most of the public buildings : the 
City and Goodale Parks, and those of the Franklin 
Agricultural Society. Most popular Cemetery : 
Green Lawn. Theatre : the Opera House. Hotel : 
the Neil House. [Railway connections extensive : 
eastward by the route just traversed ; northward by 
the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati, and Indian- 
apolis road, to Toledo, Cleveland, etc. ; south-west- 
ward to Cincinnati (as see route following) ; south- 
eastward to Athens and the Baltimore and Ohio 
road, etc. J 

Division E. 

COLUMBUS TO AND AT CINCINNATI. 

From Columbus, by the Little Miami road ; by 
London ; by Xenia, very handsome town^ with 



204 SHORT-TRIP OVIDE. 

water-power and manufactures on the Little 
Miami river [connection westward for Dayton and 
Richmond] ; by Morrow, [connection east with the 
Cincinnati and Muskingum Valley road] ; by Love- 
land, [connection east by the Marietta and Cincin- 
nati road, for Marietta, and the Baltimore and Ohio 
road] ; to 

Cincinnati, on the Ohio river, called the "Queen 
City," principally built upon two terraces sloping 
back from the river ; while opposite it, and divided 
from it by the Ohio river, are the large towns 
of Neivport and Covington, in the State of Ken- 
tucky ; with Neioport Barracks, important U. S. 
military station, on the river bank, near the former. 
Cincinnati has also heavy commerce and important 
manufactures. 

Among the public buildings of prominence are 
the Custom House (with Post Office attached), on 
Fourth Street ; the City Halt (with neat grounds). 
Plum Street ; the Court House, Main Street ; Cin- 
cinnati College, Walnut Street ; St. Xavier's College 
(Catholic), Sycamore Street ; Convent of Notre Damey 
Sixth Street ; House of Refuge, north of the city ; 
City Workhouse, near the latter ; Cincinnati Hos- 
pital, Twelfth Street ; etc. Principal Churches : 
St John's (Epis.) ; St. PauVs (Meth. Epis.) ; First 
Baptist ; St. Peter's Cathedral (Catholic) ; First 
Presbyterian, etc., though with many others credit- 
able. Places of Amusement : the National and 
Wood's Theatres ; Pike's Music Hall ; Blelodeon ; 
Gymnasium ; Qmen City Skating Rink, etc. Prom- 



ROUTE No. 12.— WESTERN. 205 

inent Hotels : the Burnet, S2oencer, Gibson, St. James, 
Garlide, etc. 

Public Grounds : Eden Parle, east of the city, 
elevated and withj^^is view ; Fountain Square, with 
magnificent bronze fountain lately presented by Mr. 
Henry Probasco ; City, Lincoln, Washingion, and 
Hopkins Parks, Cemeteries : Spring Grove, one of 
the handsomest in the West, northwest of the city, 
with splendid avenues of approach, and a fine sol- 
diers' monument ; St. Bernard, Wesley an, 2in.di others 
minor. Other Objects of Interest : the great Sus- 
pension Bridge over the Ohio, with longest span in 
the world ; the Licking Bridge, also a suspension, 
and only less remarkable in length ; the Railroad 
Bridge (new) ; remains of entrenchments thrown up 
during the Confederate " siege " ; the Levee, along 
the river, with steamboat-landings and a very fine 
idea of the industry of the city ; steamboat-building- 
yards ; and many of the very extensive Manufac- 
tories, with diversified products. 

[Railway connections : eastward, by route just trav- 
ersed — also, by Marietta and Cincinnati, and Chesa- 
peake and Ohio roads to Richmond, etc. : north- 
eastward, by the Little Miami and other roads, to 
Cleveland, Sandusky, etc. ; northward, by Cincinnati, 
Hamilton and Dayton road, to Toledo; northwest- 
ward, by same road and connections, to Chicago ; 
westward, by Ohio and MississipjDi road, by Vin- 
cennes to St. Louis and the Mississippi river. 

Also, steamboat transit on the Ohio river, to all 
points on that stream, to Cairo and the Mississippi.] 



205a SEORT-TBIP GUIDE. 

Division F. 
PITTSBURG TO AND AT ST. LOUIS. 

Pittsburg to Columbus and Cincinnati, as by 
route preceding. 

Ljeave Cincinnati by the Indianapolis, Cincinnati 
and Lafayette road, by Delhi, North Bend, Valley 
Junction [connection with White Water Valley 
Railroad], Laiorencehurg , [connection with Ohio and 
Mississippi road, for Vincennes, etc.,] Morris, 
Greenshurg, Shelhyville, [connection with Jefferson- 
ville road, south for Louisville, etc.,] to 

Indianapolis, capital and larg'est town of the 
State of Indiana, lying on the White river, in a very 
fertile plain, with heavy manufactures, and sup- 
plying one of the most noted railroad centres of the 
West. It is also celebrated for its school system; 
has an imposing but old State House, on Washing- 
ton Street; State Lunatic Asylum, Institute for ihf 
Blind, United States Arsenal, Northwestern Chris-- 
tian University, a very large Union Depot, an Acad- 
emy of Musio, etc. Prominent Hotels : Bates House 
and Mason House. [Railway connections, as before 
indicated, universal.] 

From Indianapolis, by the St. Louis, Yandalia 
and Terre Haute road, by Greencastle, to 

Terre Haute, very handsome town on Harrison 
Prairie and the Wabash river, and also on the 
Wabash and Erie Canal, and with extensive railway 
connections. It is elegantly shaded, has many noble 



ROnTE NO. 1%~WESTERN. 205& 

fc'jjsidences, St Mary's Seminary (Catholic), the State 
formal School, and a handsome Opera House. It is 
also largely engaged in manufactures, forging, etc. 
Hotel : the Te?re Haute House (with a wonderful 
echo near it, excelling any other known in the world 
in the number of repetitions.) 

Terre Haute by Marshall and Greenup, to Effing- 
ham [connections north to Chicago, south to Cairo, 
etc., by branch of the Illinois Central road] ; to 

Yandalia, on the Kaskaskia river, thriving town 
and once capital of the State of Indiana. [Connec- 
tions north to Bloomington and Chicago, south to 
Cairo, etc., by main line of the Illinois Central road.] 
Vandalia, by Greenville, Highland, etc., to East St, 
Louis, and 

St. Louis. [See page 221.] 

Division G. 
PITTSBURG BY FORT WAYNE TO CHICAGO. 

[See Koute 13 — pages 209 to 211 ; also same route, 
pages 212 to 216, for 
Chicago.] 



ROUTE NO. 13 .-'WESTERN. 

NEW YORK TO EASTON (PA.), HARRISBURG, PITTS- 
BURG, FORT WAYNE AND CHICAGO ; BY THE 
ALLENTOWN ROUTE. 

Division A. 

NEW YORK TO EASTON, HARRISBURG AND PiTTS* 
BURG. 

Leave New York, by boats of New Jersey Central 
Railroad, from foot of Liberty Street to Communis 
paw (lower Jersey City) ; thence by the cars of that 
road, by Bergen Pointy and over Long Bridge across 
Newark Bay ; to Elizahethport (station — at the left 
the town and great coal depot of that name) ; and to 
Elizabeth [intersection with New Jersey road, east- 
ward to New York, and westward to Philadelphia : 
See Route No. 8, New York to Philadelphia]. Eliza- 
beth, by other stations, to 

Plainfield, pleasant village and favorite summer- 
residence, lying at near the foot of the Orange 
Mountains, a minor spur of the Blue Ridge, and 
with a remarkable eminence at a short distance to 
the north, called " Washington's Rock," from which 
that general is said sometimes to have watched the 
movements of the British forces. By Bound-Brook^ 
on the Raritan River, and at the opening of the Valley 
of the same name, to 



ROUTE NO. 1^.— WESTERN. 207 

SoMERviLLE, countj Seat of Somerset County, 
very handsomely situated, witii fine quiet scenery 
in the neighborhood, some copper and iron mines, 
and much general prosperity. [Connection by 
South Branch Eoad to Flemington and Lumber tville.'} 
By other stations to the 

High Bridge, (or rather very long and high em- 
bankment) over the South Branch of the Karitan 
Biver, with fine view in crossing, and large Iron- 
Works in the neighborhood, for railroad-founding. 
Very soon is reached 

Hampton Junction [connection with the Delaware, 
Lackawanna and Western Eailway, for the Delaware 
' Water Gap, Scranton, the Coal Eegions of Pennsyl- 
vania, and the Erie road at Binghampton.] By 
Bloomsbury and other stations, to 

Philipsbukg, on the New Jersey side of the Dela- 
ware, with heavy iron-manufactures, and three 
bridges connecting it with Easton, on the opposite 
side of the river. Also with important railway con- 
nections, for Central New Jersey, Fhiladelphia, and 
northward to the Delaware Water Gap and the 
Coal Regions. Crossing the river by bridge, the 
train reaches 

Easton, Pennsylvania, on the western bank of, 
the Delaware, at the double junction of the Lehigh 
and the Bushkill, and one of the most important of 
the coal and railway centres of the two adjoining 
-States, with extensive mills, distilleries and general 
manufactures. It is also the seat (on an eminence 



208 / 8E0RT-TEIP GUIDE. 

kDown as Monnfc Lafayette, at the east of the town) 
of Lafaye.Ue College^ a flourishing and well-endowed 
institution, rapidly growing in influence. [Exten- 
sive railroad connection, apart from the line of route 
being traversed ; as in addition to that mentioned by 
both the New Jersey Central and the Delaware and 
Lackawanna to New York, it has also connection 
northward to the Water Gap and the Coal Regions ; 
southward to Philadelphia ; the Lehigh Valley 
road northward to Piitston ; the Lehigh Canal in 
the same direction ; and the Morris Canal through 
the State of New Jersey to Baritan Bay.] 

Leave Easton by Lehigh Valley road ; by Bethle- 
hem, pleasant town on the Lehigh river ; seat of 
Lehigh University ; and long celebrated as the prin- 
cipal abode of the Moravians, or United Brethren, 
in the United States. [Connection southward with 
North Pennsylvania road for Philadelphia, and 
northward for Scranlon and the Coal Re,>ions.] 

From Bethlehem, by E. Perm. Junction [connec- 
tion with East Pennsylvania road] ; to 

Allentown, handsome town on high ground 
near the Lehigh river, with large iron and other 
manufactures, and much charm as a residence. 
Has Big Bock and several popular minoral springs 
in the neighborhood. Hotel: the American. [Con- 
nections, northward by the Lehigh Valley road to 
the Coal Regions and the Erie road ; westward by 
present route to Beading, etc.] 

Allentown, by East Pennsylvania road, to 



ROUTE NO. IZ.— WESTERN. 209 

Keading, large and important manufacturing 
town on the Schuylkill river, especially notable for 
mills, iron-furnaces and railroad work. It has a 
high and handsome sloping location, with a consid- 
erable eminence, Penn's Mount, near, command- 
ing fine view. It has a noble Court House ; two or 
three Churches of especial beauty ; and Mineral 
Springs in the neighborhood, with hotels of popu- 
lar resort. Leading Hotel (in the town), the Man- 
sion House. [Connection, northward, to Catawisaa 
and Hazlelon (Coal Regions), and southeast to Phil- 
adelphia by the Philadelphia and Reading road.] 
Reading to 

Lebanon, on the Swatara Creek, county seat of 
Lebanon County, and a prosperous town, with the 
most immense (Cornwall) Iron Ore Beds in the 
neighborhood, known to exist in the world ; also 
Copper Ore in large quantities, and Marble. From 
Lebanon to 

Harrisburg. (For notes on Harrisburg, see pre- 
vious Route, No. 12.) 

[Harrisburg to Pittsburg, as by Route No. 1% 
preceding ; whether for Chicago, Cincinnati, or St. 
Louis.'] 

Division B. 

PITTSBURG TO FORT WAYNE AND CHICAGO. 

[At Pittsburg, previous route, No. 12, may be 
pursued, from that point to Columbus and Cincin- 
nati, with extension to St. Louis; or other lines 



210 SHOUT-TRIP GUIDE. 

pursued (see that route) northward to the Lakes, 
southward to the Baltimore and Ohio road, etc.] 

Leaving Pittsburg, for Chicago or places on that 
line, by Pittsburg, Port Wayne and Chicago road ; 
by Rochester (small town on the Beaver Creek — with 
connection southwestward, by Cleveland and Pitts- 
burg road, to Wheeling and West) ; by Homewood 
[connection northward for Newcastle, etc.] ; by Lee- 
tonia [counection southward to New Lisbon, etc.] ; 
by Salem, very handsome small town, with fine sub- 
urbs, and manufactures ; to 

Alliance, important station [connection north- 
ward, by Cleveland and Pittsburg road, to Cleveland ; 
southward to Steubenville, etc.] Prom Alliance, by 
Canton and Massillon, handsome manufacturing 
towns ; by Orrville [connection northward to Akron 
and Cleveland] ; by Mansfield, another handsome 
manufacturing town [connections northward to San- 
dusky, southward to Zanesville, southwestward to 
Dayton, Hamilton and Cincinnati] ; to 

Crestline, another important railway town. [Con- 
nections southward by the Cleveland, Columbus, 
Cincinnati and Indianapolis road, to Colu7nbus ; 
northward by the Sau dusky road to Sandusky ; 
northeastward to Cleveland by the Cleveland, Co- 
lumbus, Cincinnati and Indianapolis road ; north- 
westward to Toledo and Detroit by same road and 
connections]. From Crestline, by ^uc?/rus, thriving 
village on the Sandusky River ; by Forest [connec- 
tions north to Cleveland south to Cincinnati'] ; by 



ROUTE JSfO. 1^.— WESTERN. 2U 

Limat manufacturing village on tlie Ottawa river 
[connections southward by Cincinnati, Hamilton 
and Dayton road, to Dayton and Cincinnati \ north- 
ward by the same road to Toledo and Detroit] ; by 
minor stations, to 

Fort Wayne, Indiana, on the Maumee river — 
called the "Summit City;" because it lies at the 
highest point of the water-shed. It is passed 
through by the "Wabash and Erie Canal, and is an 
important railway centre as well as a manufacturing 
town of promise. [Connections : northeastward to 
Toledo, Lake Erie and Detroit, by Toledo, Wabash 
and Western road; westward by the same road and 
connections, to Logansport, and thence to Peoria 
and towns of Central Illinois ; northward to the 
Michigan Southern road, at Waterloo, etc.] From 
Fort Wayne, by Columbia: by Warsaw; by Ply- 
mouth [connection southward to Indianapolis, 
capital of the State, by Indianapolis, Peru and Chi- 
cago road] ; by Wanatah [connection southward by 
the Louisville and New Albany road, to Lafayette 
and to Louisville, Ky.] ; by Valparaiso, to that 
city which has furnished, both in fortune and mis- 
fortune, the best possible type of American capaci- 
ties in either direction, and which has been, and 
will continue to be, quite as often in men's mouths 
as any other on the Western Continent— 



213 SHOBJ-TBIP GUIDK 

Chicago, Blinois. 

Division G. 
CHICAGO AS IT WAS, HAS BEEN, AND IS. 

The history of the world furnishes no parallel to 
the change between the three conditions above 
named, in connection with the " Giant of the West '* 
city of Chicago, an exaggerated type of the whole 
continent, in the " was," the " has been" and the " is." 

Up to the fall of the eventful year, 1871, Chi- 
cago stood, as it had been for thirty or forty years 
growing up to be, the actual Queen City of the 
"West, one of the most important of the Union, and 
the greatest grain mart and depot of the world, as 
well as one of the most important railroad centres 
of the entire continent. It lay on the western shore 
of Lake Michigan, at near the southern boundary of 
that Lake, at the entrance of the Chicago river into 
it. It had its first white settlement in 1804, by Col. 
John Kinzie ; and so late as 1830 contained only 
15 houses. It was incorporated as a city, seven 
years later, in 1837 — the population at that time 
being 4,170. In 1843 this had increased to 7,580 ; 
in 1847 to 16,859; in 1850 to 23,269 ; in 1855 
to 80,023 ; in 1860 to 109,263 ; in 1865 to 178,539 ; 
and in 1870 to the round figures of 300,000, while 
the suburban population was supposed to raise it to 
350,000. 

The site of the city was admirably chosen, on 
ground sloping up from the Lake, and with the 



RO UTE NO. 13.— WESTERN. 213 

Chicago River, dividing into two branches, running 
through the entire city, at once adding to commer- 
cial convenience and healthfulness. Numerous 
costly bridges and many tunnels made the con- 
nection across the rivers. The city was divided into 
20 wards, with nearly 800 streets. The river and 
the ship canals afforded many miles of excellent 
harbor, to which came vessels from all parts of the 
great lakes, with and for produce of every description. 
The grain warehouses were of such extent as to ac- 
commodate 8,000,000 to 10,000,000 bushels ; while 
the yearly exportation had reached to about 60,000,- 
000 to 65,000,000 bushels. It had also a most exten- 
sive trade in cattle and stock, the whole yearly num- 
ber handled, reaching 2,500,000 ; besides provisions, 
lumber, and transportation trade to immense 
amounts. Within the last year or two, on the com- 
pletion of the Pacific Railway, Chicago had com- 
menced to import her teas and silks direct from In- 
dia, and was arranging a heavy trade in that direc- 
tion. There were several of the largest and finest 
railway-depots on the continent, to accommodate its 
immense connection as the very largest of the rail- 
way-centres. It had streets among the most ele- 
gant in the West, in Michigan, Wabash and other 
avenues : and many of the houses of residents were 
princely in their luxury. There were more than 
200 Churches ; 12 or 15 of the largest and finest 
of Hotels, some of them marvels of size and cost ; an 
Opera-House and 5 Theatres of good class ; an Uni- 



214 SHORT-TRIP QVIDE. 

versity ; Medical Colleges, splendid public Parks 
and Cemeteries ; and a wilderness of scientific, 
social and benevolent institutions, second to none 
in the Western World. In addition to this, and a 
feature unequalled elsewhere — a Tunnel had been 
constructed to a Tower two miles distant in the 
Lake, whence the water-supply of the city was de- 
rived. 

Such, hastily sketched, was the position of Chi- 
cago on the 8th of October, 1871. On the night of 
that day, a fire broke out at near the centre of 
the city, though in an older and wooden portion. 
A fierce wind made vain all efforts for staying the 
flames, which extended on every side, and event- 
ually acquired such force that buildings considered 
fire-proof could not resist the heat five minutes 
when attacked. By the morning of the 10th the 
city was literally destroyed — the whole central and 
business part of it entirely so. Some 10,000 build- 
ings were burned ; 500 to 1,000 persons are sup- 
posed to have lost their lives ; 50,000 to 75,000 per- 
sons were rendered houseless ; and the pecuniary 
loss was estimated to have reached $200,000,000. 
Chicago, the Qaeen of the West, was no more — for 
the time. 

A most gratifying spectacle of general benevo- 
lence, however, was exhibited, in connection with 
this great calamity, not only in all the cities of 
America, but in those of England and of all Europe ; 
and the extremity of suffering at once materially 



ROUTE NO. n.— WESTERN. 215 

relieved by contributions from all quarters, which 
not only smoothed the then painful present, but 
gave opportunity and hope for the future. Rebuild- 
ing was at once commenced with marvellous 
energy; and so rapidly was it continued, that within 
a year from the great catastrophe, more than two- 
thirds of the marks of the visitation were obliterated, 
public and private erections of more than the 
original splendor taking the places of those des- 
troyed, and the fact being made certain that within 
two years from the fatal 8th of October not a mark 
of the calamity would be visible, except m the 
absence of the trees and shrubbery impossible to be 
replaced within a limited period. 

It may even now be said, indeed, that Chicago, 
as a city, has entirely recovered from the shock 
temporarily prostrating it, spite of a second destruc- 
tive fire in 1874, — supplying quite its previous 
charm to the visitor, while an exceptional interest 
is found in the virtual death and marvellous resur- 
rection of the place of such varied fortunes. 

Among the objects of greatest interest in what 
the proud citizens call the " New Chicago," may be 
named the large and beautiful 

Lincoln Park, lying on the Lake Shore, north of 
the city, with charming drives along the Lake, a 
Zoological Garden, a Lake, Fountains, fine shade, 
and all the attractions for the corso and the prome- 
nade ; 

Union Park, in the West Division, older than 
Lincoln and more completely finished, with Lakes, 



<J16 f^HORTTRIP GUIDE. 

Fountains, Zoological collection, pagodas, a music- 
pavilion, and great popularity as a place of promen- 
ade and for the open-air concerts given every even- 
ing during the summer. There are also, of public 
grounds, Lake Park, only partially improved, but 
with wonderful location, running down tl^ Lake 
Shore, south of the city, to Hyde Park and Hyde 
Fark House, favorite driving and bathing resort, 
at the southern extremity ; the South and West Side 
Parks, one day to be very extensive and beautiful ; 
Dearborn, Jefferson, and other minor parks ; and 
Dexter Trotting Park, in connection with the great 
Stock Yards, at the west of the city. Principal 
Cemeteries, Graceland, Rose Hill, Calvary and Oak- 
woods, and the old Calholic, .on the Lake Shore, 
near Lincoln Park, with interesting marks of the 
Great Fire. Among other leading objects of interest 
are the 

Greai' Stock Yards, lying at some distance west 
of the city, and among the most extensive and com- 
modious in the world, with Hotel, Bank, Telegraph- 
offices, and all other facilities (Dexter Park in con- 
nection) ; the 

Water Works, with their extensive and ingenious 
Lake connection, unparalleled on the continent ; 
the man}' Bridges, and the costly Tunnels for their 
avoidance ; the Chicago Biver, its port, and Lake 
shipping ; the great 

Grain Warehouses and Elevators, capable of ^^on- 
mining and handling more grain than those ol noy 
other city on the globe ; the very large and fine 



ROUTE NO. IZ.— WESTERN, 216a 

Railway Depots, of the many and extensive roads 
Sndiiig their centres or termini here ; the McCor- 
mick Reaper Factory, largest in the world (Blue 
Island and Western avenues) ; Bridge Building 
"Works of the American Company (Egan avenue); 
Union and other Foundries, Wagon Factories, &c. ; 
and many magnificent 

Mercantile Buildings, Banking Houses, &c., in 
which detail the rebuilt city far excels even its am- 
bitious predecessor, and rivals all others. The most 
notable among the new structures is the 

Chamber of Commerce, corner of Washington and 
La Salle Streets, considered one of the noblest and 
most complete buildings of its class in the world. 
Also may be mentioned the 

Exhibition Building, an erection of size and taste, 
standing on Michigan avenue and the Lake Shore, 
used for frequent exhibitions and as a Rink in 
winter. The Churches were many of them des- 
troyed, and are not as yet generally rebuilt. 

Of Streets, the most typical and best worthy of 
observation, will be found Michigan and Wabash 
avenues. State, Dearborn, Clark, La Salle, and Wells 
streets, running parallel with the Lake Shore ; and 
Jackson, Adams, Monroe, Madison, Washington, 
Randolph and Lake streets, crossing them at right 
angles, and extending across the city from the Laka 

Prominent Hotels (most of them built since the 
fire and finished with lavish cost and great complete- 
ness) : the Grand Pacific, Gardner, Potter Palmer, 



216& SHOUT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Brevoort, Tremont, &c. Theatres: McVicher's, Aiken's, 
Hooley's, with a Grand Opera House, soon to be 
erected. 

[Among the widely-extended railway connections 
of Chicago, are the following of most importance: 
Northward to Milwaukie, thence to Green Bay, and 
beyond, to the Lake Superior sections, by the Chi- 
cago and Northwestern road and its connections ; 
north-westward to Madison (capital of Wisconsin), 
Baraboo, Devil's Lake, Eau Claire, and Hudson ; 
and to St. Paul and the Falls of St. Anthony, by the 
same road and its connections : westward to Clin- 
ton and Cedar Rapids (Iowa), by the Iowa division of 
the same road; south-westward to Burlington (Iowa), 
and the Mississippi Kiver, by the Chicago, Burlington 
and Quincy road : southward to St. Louis, by the 
Chicago and Alton road; southward to Cairo (junc- 
tion of the Ohio and Mississippi rivers), and to St. 
Louis, by the Illinois Central road ; westward to 
Omaha, and thence to Salt Lake City and San 
Fkancisco, by the Chicago and Northwestern, 
Chicago and Eock Island, and Chicago, Burlington 
and Quincy routes ; south-eastward to Cincinnati, 
by the Columbus, Chicago and Indiana Central 
road ; eastward to Philadelphia and New York 
by the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne and Chicago road, — 
as also by Toledo, Cleveland and the Lake Shore 
road — as also (with all Canadian cities and connec- 
tions) by Detroit and the Grand Trunk Kailway of 
Canada. Also, steamers on the Lakes, to all impor- 
tant points, in the season.] 



ROUTE NO. 14.— WESTERN. 

CINCINNATI TO LOUISVILLE (MAMMOTH CAVE), 
NASHVILLE, CAIRO, ST. LOUIS AND CHICAGO. 

Division A. 

CINCINNATI TO LOUISVILLE, NASHVILLE AND ST. 
LOUIS. 

Leave Cincinnati by the Louisville, Cincinnati 
and Lexingt^on road (from Covington — opposite side 
of the river) ; by Walton, Sparta, Lexington June- 
lion [connection southward for Lexington and Ash- 
land, old home of Henry Clay, near it ; and, by 
stage from Eminence, for Shelby ville] ; by Lagrange, 
and Anchorage [connection with Shelby road], to 
Louisville. (Or, steamer down the Ohio from Cincin- 
nati, in the pleasant season). 

Louisville, located on the Ohio river, at the 
Falls and near the entrance of Bear-Grass Creek, is 
the largest and most important city of Kentucky. 
It is well located and shaded ; and the views of the 
Falls, from various points of the city, are much ad- 
mired. The most important trade of the city is in 
tobacco, of which it is one of the central marts : 
also extensively in flour, provisions, hemp, etc. The 
most interesting public buildings are the City Hall, 



218 SEOUT-rRJP OUIDE. 

Court House, Custom House (with Post-office), Uni- 
ve7-sity Medical College, Masonic Temple, Blind 
Asylum, the Cathedral, St. PauVs Church, etc. 
Principal Theatre : the Louisville. Leading Hotels : 
the Louisville, and National. Principal Cemetery : 
Gave Hill, with many monuments of merit. At the 
opposite side of the river is Jeffersonville, Indiana 
[railway connection to Indianapolis]. 

[It is from Louisville that detour may be most 
conveniently made to visit the 

Mammoth Cave of Kentucky, one of the most 
extensive subterranean passages in the world, and 
considered among the most interesting. Or, it may 
be taken on the way from Louisville to Nashville, as 
at present to be considered]-. 

Leave Louisville by the Louisville and Nashville 
road, to Cave City, whence stage or carriage, 9 miles 
to the Cave (or, steamer from Louisville, on the 
Green Kiver, to within 1 mile of the Cave — thence 
on foot). A Hotel, the Cave House, affords facilities 
for stoppage, during the exploration, which may be^ 
brief, but must, for any approach to thoroughness, 
require days of interest and toil, always accompanied 
by a guide, and with lights and means of relighting, 
without either of which it is not safe to enter. Foi 
particulars of the chambers, passages, and various 
points of interest in this wonderful cave, which is 
believed to extend eight or nine miles back from the 
entrance, depen dance may be made entirely upon 
the capable and instructed guides, procurable at the 



EO UTE NO. U.— WESTERN. 219 

hotel or the entrance. Three other Caves — the In- 
dian, White's^ and Diamond, may be found in the 
vicinity: the two former with pecuHarly handsome 
stalactite and stalagmite formations, miniatures of 
those in the great cave. 

From Cave City (after return from the Cave) con- 
tinue route by Louisville and NashvUle road ; by 
Bowling Green ; Ilemphis Junction [connection 
southwest for Memphis and the Mississippi river] ; 
by Junction [connection northwest by Henderson 
road to Henderson, and Evansville (Ind.); to 

Nashville, Capital of the State of Tennessee, 
and one of the most important cities of the middle 
southwest. It lies on the Cumberland river, on ele- 
vated ground, much of the city lying nearly or quite 
100 feet above the water level, and being considered 
very healthy. The most prominent building, the 
State Capitol, is considered one of the finest in the 
Union, having admirable legislative halls, splendid 
material of native marbles, a tower. State Library, 
etc. Other buildings of prominence are the Uni- 
versity, the City Hall, Lunatic Asylum, Peniten- 
tiary, etc. Theatres : the Nashville and Duffield's. 
Prominent Hotels : the >S'^. Cloud and Stacey. 
Nashville has many handsome residences ; and the 
tone of its society is considered equal if not superior 
to that of any other city of the South. Yery near it 
may be visited the Hermitage, old seat of Andrew 
Jackson. [Extensive railway connections ; east to 
Knoxville; southeast to Stevenson; southward, by 



220 SnOBT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Nashville and Decatur and connectiDg roads, to 
Montgomery (Ala.), and thence to the Gulf Cities ; 
northward, by Evansville road to Vincennes and 
Terre Haute ; south-westward to Memphis by Nash- 
ville and North "Western road, and connections ; 
north-westward to Si. Louis, etc.] 

From Nashville, by North Western road, by Wav- 
erley ; Johnsouville ; 3IcKenzie [connection south- 
westward, by Memphis and Louisville road, for 
Memphis, and for Little Rock (Arkansas) ; by Pa- 
dueah Junction [connection north to Paducah] ; to 

Union City, where connection is made with the 
Mobile and Ohio road. By that road to 

Columbus, on the Mississippi river ; with Bel- 
mont, Missouri, opposite, connecting the route just 
traversed with the St. Loiiis and Iron Mountain 
road to St. Louis. 

From Columbus the Mississippi maybe ascended, 
by boatA to 

Cairo, modern town, very low-lying, on the point 
formed by the confluence of the Ohio and the Missis- 
sippi, with costly levee against inundations by the 
river, and much prominence as a steamboat port of 
the Mississippi, vessels from and to all ports stop- 
ping here to land and receive passengers and freight. 
Has some noble buildings ; among tbe best, the 
Custom House. [Railway connection, from Cairo, or 
from Mound City, immediately above, with the Illi- 
nois Central Road, direct for Chicago. Or, steam- 
boat may be taken for St. Louis or any other point 



ROUTE NO. U.— WESTERN. 231 

on the Mississippi. Or, steamboat may be taken for 
Louisville or Cincinnati.] 

For St. Louis, from Bird's Point (opposite Cairo) 
to Charleston ; where the St. Louis and L-on Mouil- 
tain road is taken. By Glen Allen, Marquand, and 
other stations, to Bismarck (where pause should be 
made, if time allows, to visit, by a spur of the same 
road. Iron Mountain, Pilot Knob and Ironton, with 
some of the most extraordinary developments of 
richness in iron mines, on the continent.) Bis- 
marck, by Mineral Point [spur to Potosij and other 
stations, to St. Louis. 

Division B. 

AT ST. LOUIS; AND BY TWO KOUTES TO CHICAGO. 

St. Louis, Missouri, is one of the largest and most 
important cities of the "West, focus of mercantile 
supply for a wide extent of country, virtual Queen 
of the Mississippi, and often spoken of as the point 
for removal of the National Capital. It lies on the 
west bank of the Mississippi river, at what is sup- 
posed to be about half-way between St. Paul, at the 
head of navigation on the Mississippi, and New 
Orleans, at the mouth of that noble river. It occupies 
elevated ground, though uneven ; has a very long ex- 
tent on the river, and an imposing appearance from 
it. It has wide streets, with good shade ; handsome 
parks ; substantial residences ; and one feature com- 
manding unmixed admiration, in the Levee at which 



233 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

the most immense number of steamboats can 
at any time be seen lying, loading, discharging, 
arriving and departing, observable at any one spot 
an the globe. Front Street y along the Levee, is one 
of the finest of mercantile and warehouse streets in 
the Union ; while Washington and Grand Avenues^ 
and Fourth Street, are among the most fashionable 
thoroughfares. 

St. Louis is singularly rich in Parks ; the most 
notable being Lafayette, Hyde, Laclede and Gravois 
Parks, in the outskirts ; Washington and Missouri, 
and smaller squares ; with Tower Grove only par- 
tially completed, to contain more than 3,000 acres 
and rival the Fail-mount at Philadelphia. The Fair 
Grounds are also very beautiful and perfect, as well 
as popular, with an Amphitheatre for spectators, esti- 
mated to accommodate 80,000 to 90,000 persons ; and 
Shaw's Gardens (botanical) are the very finest on 
the continent. The Principal Cemeteries are the 
Pellefontame and the Calvary. 

Among the Buildings best deserving attention, 
are the Custom House, Third Street ; the Court 
House, Fourth Street ; Temple of Justice, Clark 
avenue ; Arsenal ; Merchants' Exchange, Main 
street ; Masonic Hall, Market street ; and some ol 
the innumerable Hospitals, Asylums, Educational 
Institutions, and Roman Catholic Convents. Amocg 
Churches, the Catholic Cathedral, Walnut street, 
takes the lead ; followed bv St. George's, (Epis.) 
Locust street ; First Presbyterian^ Fourteenth 



RO UTE NO. 14.— WESTERN. 233 

street ; Church of the 3Tessiah, (Unitarian) Oliver 
.street, etc. Theatres: DeBars Opera House, Olym- 
pic and Varieties, Prominent hotels : the Lindell, 
Plantei^s, Southern, Laclede, etc. 

Other objects of interest at St. Louis : the Steel 
Bridge, not long since completed across the Missis- 
sippi, from the Illinois shore to Washington Ave- 
nue, for railroad and general use, and having the 
reputation of being one of the world's master-works 
in bridge-erection ; the magnificent Union Depot, 
accommodating all railroads centering in the city, 
and being among the largest and most commodious, 
as well as most important, on the continent, — with 
Tunnel leading to it from the western end of the 
Steel Bridge ; and the City Water Works. 

[Connections from St. Louis : by rail, east to In- 
dianapolis by the St. Louis and Terre Haute road, 
and to Cincinnati and eastward by the Ohio and 
Mississippi road ; southeastward to Tennessee Cities 
by the route just traversed ; south to New Orleans 
and the Gulf by the Mobile and Ohio road; west to 
Jefferson City, to Topeka, and other towns of Kansas, 
by the Pacific and Missouri road ; northwestward 
to St. Joseph, Omaha, and the Pacific Railroad for 
Salt Lake City and San Francisco, by the same and 
St. Joseph roads ; north to Chicago and the Lakes 
and Canada, and south to Cairo and New Orleans, 
by the Illinois Central and Alton roads. In addi- 
tion, steamboat communication to all navigable points 
on the Mississippi, the Missouri and Ohio rivers.] 



224 SHORTTRIP OUIDK 

Leave St. Louis by Chicago, Alton and St. Louis 
road ; by Alton, loftily located at just above the 
junction of the Missouri and Mississippi Kivers, 
with grand and notable scenery at that point, and 
much general charm in situation [connection east- 
ward to Indianapolis by the Lidianapolis and St. 
Louis road] ; to 

Springfield, capital of the State of Illinois, 
a thriving and handsome town standing on the 
margin of a wide and fine prairie. It has a very 
handsome Capitol^ State Arsenal, Court House, Cus- 
tom House, etc. ; extensive Water Works, on the San- 
gamon River ; and will always enjoy an additional 
celebrity as the residence and burial place of Abra- 
ham Lincoln, a noble monument to whom marks his 
tomb in Ridge Cemetery Hotel : the Leland House. 
[Connection westward to Quincy, and eastward to 
Logansport and Fort Wayne, by the Toledo, "Wabash 
and Western road.] 

Springfield to Bloomington, capital of McLean 
county, and a large town of much commerce and 
many manufactures, besides having the great engine- 
shops of the Chicago and Alton Company. [Con- 
nection southwestward to Jacksonville ; west to 
Pekin ; southeast to Champaign and the Illinois 
Central road.] To Chenoa [connection west to 
Peoria; east to Warsaw and Logansport]. By other 
stations to Joliet, large and thriving town on the 
Des Moines river, with State Penitentiary of noble 
construction, immense fine building-stone quarries 



ROUTE No. U.— WESTERN. 235 

near, valuable water-power, and extensive trade and 
manufactures. [Connection west to Rock Inland^ 
by the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific road.] 
JoKet to Chicago. 



Or, leave St. Louis by the Illinois Central road 
(St. Louis and Chicago Through Line), to East St. 
Louis ; thence to Greeiwille, Vandalia (see Division 
F., Eoute 12, pp. 205 A and B) , Effingham, Mat- 
toon, Tolono, Champaign, Gilman, Calumet, etc., across 
one of the richest ranges of the great prairie lands 
of Illinois, to 

Chicago. 

(For notes on Chicago, see Route No. 13, Division 
C.) 



ROUTE No. 15 -NORTHERN AND WESTERN, 
{SEMI-SKELETON.) 

BUFFALO TO CLEVELAND AND CHICAGO, BY LAKE 
SHORE ROAD. 

Leave Buffalo by Lake Sliore road ; to Dunkirk^ 
on Lake Erie, terminus of lower branch of the Erie 
road [connection eastward to Salamanca, for the Oil 
Begions.] Dunkirk to 

Erie, (Pa.), on the shore of Lake Erie, with fine 
harbor (a U. S. Naval Station); Court House and 
other good buildings ; extensive iron rolling-mills, 
and the connection of the Erie Extension Canal 
with the Ohio River and Beaver Canal. Hotel : the 
Reid House. [Connection southeast to Carry and 
the Oil Begions]. By Girard [connection south- 
ward to Pittsburg] ; and Painesville to 

Cleveland (Ohio) on Lake Erie, with harbor 
at mouth of Cuyahoga River, heavy lake shipping 
trade, much prosperity in business aspects ; and so 
pronounced a shaded beauty, especially in the fine 
elms lining its wide streets, that it bears the name 
of the "Forest City." It has a 3Iedical College: a 
Marine Hospital ; several handsome Churches ; a 
splendid Union Railway Dei^ot, of great size ; Monu- 
mental Park (with monument to Commodore Perry); 
Woodlaum Cemetery ; noble Water Works ; and 
many other attractions. [Connections southeast to 



ROUTE NO. 1^.— NORTHERN AND WESTERN. 227 

PUtsburg and Wlieeling ; south to Coshocton and 
Zanesville; southwest to Columhis, CincinTiati, etc.] 

From Cleveland, by Oherlin (seat of the celebrated 
" Oberlin College/' which admits blacks as well as 
whites); by MonroevilU [connection northward to 
Sandusky] ; by Clyde [connection south to Cikcik- 
"N'ATi] ; Fremont, etc., to 

Toledo, on the Maumee Eiver, near Lake Erie, 
with considerable lake trade (principally in grain), 
much domestic commerce, many handsome build- 
ings, rapid progress, great educational facilities, and 
an almost matchless location as a railway centre. 
Hotels: Oliver House^ Island House, American, 
and St. Charles. [Conections: southeast to Clyde 
and (opening) to Wheelmg ; South to Lima, Dayton 
and Cincinnati ; southwest to Logansport, Spring- 
field (111), the Mississippi river, and St. Louis; 
northward to Detroit and the Canadian -lines ; etc.] 

From Toledo, by the Michigan Southern and 
Northern Indiana road: by Adrien (Michigan), 
with water-power ; some manufactures ; repair-shops 
of the railroad- division; a handsome Soldiers' Mon- 
ument, and many attractions as a residence. Hotel: 
the J^awrence House. By Hillsdale; Jonesville 
[connection south to Fort Wayne] ; Sturgis [con- 
nection north to Grand Haven and south to Fort 
Wayne] ; Wliite Pigeon [connection north to Kala- 
mazoo]', Elhhart [junction with Air-Line of same 
road, to Toledo] ; South Bend and Laporte ; to 

Chicago. (For notes on Chicago, and connec- 
tions, see previous route, No. 13.) 



ROUTE NO. 76 -NORTHERN {SEMI-SKELETON), 

NEW YORK OR PHILADELPHIA TO THE LACKA- 

WAKKA COAL REGIONS, AKD THE OIL CREEK 

OIL REGIONS. 

New York, by the New Jersey Central road to 
Hampton Junction (see Eoute No. 13) ; to 

Manunhaclmnh (New Jersey). 

Or by the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western 
road — Morris and Essex Division from New York: 
from foot Barclay Street to Hoboken; thence by 
rail, by Orange [connection to Newark] ; by Madi- 
S071, location of Drew Theological Seminary; by 
MORRISTOWN, thriying town of New Jersey, and 
capital of Morris County, on the Whippany Creek, 
with handsome residences, a *' Washington's Head 
Quarters" and other Hevolutionary remains; by 
Boonton, Roclcaway and Dovei\ all towns in the iron- 
region, with- extensive iron mills and foundries; by 
Cliester, Drakesville, Stanliope [connection by stage 
or boat to Lake Ilopatcong and to Budcfs Lake] ; 
by Waterloo [connection north to Neicton, by Sussex 
road] ; by Ilackeftstown, handsome town of "Warren 
County, with flouring mills and a Methodist Epis- 
copal Seminary of eminence [connection by stage to 
Scliooleifs Mountain (see Excursions from New 
York) ] ; to Washiiigton, At Washington connect 



ROUTE NO. \(S.--NORTHERN. 229 

with the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western road, 
and by that road to MammJcachunJc, 

Or, from Philadelphia, by the Northern Pennsyl- 
vania road, or the Belvidere Delaware road, to 
Boston ; thence to Maminkacliunh, 

Manunkachunk to the Delaware Wafer- Gap (see 
Excursions from ISTew York). Water-Gap to 
Stroiids'burg, (Pa.), and by several minor stations 
to 

ScRAOTTO^r (Pa.), important heavy-manufacturing 
town, and great centre of the coal operations of the 
Lackawanna district. In brief excursions fiom 
Scranton, locally directed, may be observed all the 
details of mining and transportation, of the immense 
coal trade and the iron trade accompanying, [Con- 
nections southwest to Pitiston and WiUcesbarre; 
north to Great Bend and tlio Eric road ; cast to 
Carlondale, Ilonesdale, etc]. Scranton to 

Pittston, another important coai centre. Pitts- 
ton, by Rupert [connection southward with the 
wildly-grand Catawissa road, for Reading, etc.] ; by 
Milton and other stations, to 

Willi AMSPORT, capital of Lycoming County, on 
the Susquehanna river, with much industry and 
miscellaneous business, and the most extensive 
lumber trade of any town in America, Among the 
curiosities of the place, is the Great Timler Boom 
in the Susquehanna, capable of holding millions of 
logs at a time ; the many saw-mills and other lum- 
ber works. There are also extensive Black Marble 



280 SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

Quarries in the neighborhood. Hotels : the Herdic, 
Crawford, City, and American. 

From Williamsport by the Philadelphia and Erie 
road; by 

Lock Havek, another great lumber centre, also 
with immense Timber-Boom, saw-mills, etc., and 
fine scenery in the neighborhood. Hotels : the FuU 
ton, Irving, and Montour. Lock Haven, by Renovo, 
Emporium, Wilcox and other stations ; to 

Irvineton, whence should be taken the Oil Creek 
and Alleghany road, to Tidioute, Oleopolis, Pithole, 
Oil City, Titusville, or any of those great oil centres, 
from which short excursions, locally directed, can 
be made with most profit and satisfaction. Thence 
to Corey, for Salamanca and the Erie road, going 
east ; or for Erie and the Lake Shore road, for the 
north or West. 



ROUTE NO. 17 -CANADIAN AND WESTERN. 

NIAGARA FALLS, BY HAMILTOIT A]S"D LOITDOK TO 

DETROIT AND CHICAGO, BY GREAT WESTERN 

AND MICHIGAN RAILWAYS. 

Leave Niagara Falls (Suspension Bridge), by rail 
On the Great Western road of Canada ; by Tliorold 
(crossing of the Welland Canal around the Falls 
of Niagara), to 

St Catharine^Sy pleasant small town, favorite as 
a residence, and with Mineral Springs of much cele- 
brity. Thence by Grwisiy, lying near the shore of 
Lake Ontario, to 

Hamilton, on Burlington Bay, at the extreme 
western end of the Lake, with very handsome coast- 
scenery in the neighborhood ; a magnificent harbor, 
with heavy lake trade and. fine fishing ; and the 
town itself very prettily laid out, with elegant resi- 
dences and other buildings, well shaded and attrac- 
tive. Very fine views are to be obtained, from the 
3fountamy where also stands Dundrum Castle, 
erected by Sir Allan McNab, when Governor-Gen- 
eral; and there are many favorite resorts in the 
neighborhood, among others the Beach, Oaklands, 
Flamiorough Heights, etc. Prominent Hotels : the 
Anglo- American and City. [Connection eastward 
{Hamilton Junction) with the Grand Trunk Kail- 



233 SEOUT-TIilP GUIDE. 

way for Toronto and all the Eastern Canadian cities ; 
also., by boat on the Lake, for Toronto and the same], 
Hamilton to Dundas, with many manufactures and 
mucli line scenery at and near the Desjardines 
Canal, here commencing; to Ilarrishurg [connec- 
tion northward to Berlin, Giielph, and the Q-rand 
Trunk road J ; to 

Paris, a thriving town, with important water- 
power and manufactures, at the junction of the 
Grand and Nith rivers, with mineral springs and a 
petrifying spring in the neighborhood [connection 
northwestward to Godcrich and Lake Huron, and 
southeastward to Dunville and Buffalo, by Gode- 
rich and Grand Trunk road]. Paris to 

LoN'DOi^", considered the metropolis of South 
Western Canada — witii handsome location, streets 
well laid out and shaded, costly buildings, and all 
the attractions for residence*. [Connection north- 
ward to St. Mary's and the Grand Trunk road; 
southward to Port Stanley, on Lake Erie, with boat 
connection to Buffalo]. London, by Komolca 
[connection westward to Petrolia (oil-centre), and 
Port, Sarnia, at the entrance of the St. Clair river 
into Lake Huron] ; and by Glencoe ; to 

Botliwell, principal town of the Canadian oil- 
regions, in the neighborhood of which those who 
have not visited the Pennsylvania oil-sections, may 
derive a very good idea of the petroleum wells and 
processes. 

Bothwell to CJiatJiamy with the distinction of very 



nOUTENOAI.^-CAMDIANAmWMSfMN. 233 

large percentage of negro population. [Connection 
with Detroit, by steamers down the Thames river 
and across Lake St. Clair to Detroit river]. Chatham 
by unimportant stations to 

Windsor, very old town on the eastern side of the 
Detroit river, with many French peculiarities and 
but moderate prosperity. From Windsor, ferry, car- 
rying over cars on boats, to 

Detroit, Michigan, lying on the west bank of 
the Detroit river, strait connecting Lake St. Clair 
with Lake Erie. This is the largest city of the State ; 
one of the oldest in any of the Western States, and 
one of the most wealthy and influential of all. The 
city front extends along the river at great length, 
with most of the location elevated, and the streets 
well shaded and broken up into many small parks 
and public grounds. The most important of the lat- 
ter is the Grand Circus, park and promenade, from 
which radiate many of the finest avenues ; among 
others, Woodward, Jefferson, etc. There is also a 
large Plaza, called the Campus Martius, around 
which are grouped many of the finest buildings in 
the city. Without the town, the favorite public re- 
sorts are Fort Wayne, on the river, three miles from 
the city; Belle He, Grosse Pointe and Grossc Ilc^ 
more distant. The principal Cemeteries are Elm- 
wood and Woodlawn. 

Among the prominent buildings in the city, are 
the Micliigan Central Freight Depot, of immense 
size and costly construction, with the great Loco- 



234 SHOBT-TRIP O TJIDE. 

motive Round House and Grain Elevator , near it ; 
the Custom House (with Post Office) ; the Opera 
House; the Board of Trade Building, etc. The 
most notable churches are St. PauVs (Epis.), with 
the pecuharity of a roof without columns ; Christy 
St. JolivUs and Grace (all Epis.) ; Fort Street Pres- 
lyterian; Central {Met\\.-'K^i%.) -, St. Peter and St. 
Paul (Cath.); St. Anjie's (Cath.), with very fine 
choir; etc. Detroit has also elaborate Water- works; 
large manufacturing and lake-shipping interests, 
in grain and provisions, etc. Theatre: the Opera 
House. Prominent Hotels: The Russell, Piddle, 
and Michigan Exchange. 

From Detroit may be visited, north, Lake St. 
Clair, with many attractive features in scenery ; and 
southward; the Put-in-Bay Islands, below the mouth 
of the Detroit river, in Lake Erie, near which occur- 
red Commodore Perry's victory in 1813 ; now famous 
as bathing and fishing resort, etc. [Boat from De- 
troit to Kelly's Island, largest of the group, every day 
during warm season.] 

[Eailway connection from Detroit : north to Port 
Huron, foot of Lake Huron : northwest to Saginaw, 
Wenona, etc. ; west to Kalamazoo, etc. ; east by route 
just traversed, and by Toledo and Lake Shore road ; 
west to OniCAGO, etc., as see route to be pursued. In 
addition, it has steamboat communication on Lake 
Erie to Buffalo and other ports; and to all ports 
on Lake Huron and Michigan.] 

Leave Detroit by Michigan Central road, by Yp^ 



ROUTE NO. V7.— CANADIAN AND WESTEHN. 235 

silantiy pleasant small town of Michigan, seat of the 
State Normal School ; thence (along the Huron 
Elver), to 

A^'jsr Arbor, handsome large town, on elevated 
plateau, with fine shade and many handsome build- 
ings; and seat of the University of Michigan, an 
institution of wide influence, with varied courses, a 
fine Observatory, etc. Hotel: the Gregory House, 
By Dexter and Glielsea to 

Jackson, large and thriving town, with many 
manufactures, an important coal-trade from mines 
in the i^mmediate neighborhood, and seat of the 
Michigan State Prison. [Connections, northward 
to Lansii^'G (capital of the State) ; southward to 
Adria7i and Toledo, etc.] From Lansing, by Parma, 
on the Kalamazoo river; by Aliion (seat of Albion 
College, of the Meth. Epis. Church); by Marshall 
(large paper manufactories, and railway repair- 
shops) ; to Battle Creek, manufacturing town, 
especially with extensive flour-mills [connections 
north to Lansin^g, and south to South Bend, etc.] ; 
to 

Kalamazoo, largest town in the State, after De- 
troit. It is a thriving manufacturing and commer- 
cial town, with much shaded leauty and many 
handsome residences; and the seat of a Baptist 
College and the State Insane Asylum. Hotels : the 
Kalamazoo and Bur dick. [Connections : northwest 
to Grand Haven and Lake Michigan ; also to Grand 
Rapids ; southeastward to Fort Wayne, etc.] From 



836 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Kalamazoo, by Lawton (with extensive iron works) ; 
Niles, small town of commercial and industrial im» 
portance on the St. Joseph River ; New Buffalo and 
Micldgan City (both modern towns, on thf^ immedi* 
ate shore of Lake Michigan) ; to 



ROUTE NO. 18-NORTH'WESTERN iSEMhSKELE- 
TOM.) 

CHICAGO TO ST. PAUL (mi:N^N.) A2S^D FALLS OF ST. 

anthoxy; with optio:n"al return- down 

THE MISSISSIPPI or BY LAKE SUPERIOR. 

Leave Chicago by the Chicago, Milwaukie and St. 
Paul Railroad ; by Waukegan; Kenosha [connection 
west to Genoa, Rochford, etc.]; Racine [connection 
west to ElJchorn and Fre.pport]] to Milwaukie. (Or 
by Chicago and N. W. Railroad, or daily steamer 
on the Lake.) 

Milwaukie, commercial capital of the State of 
Wisconsin, one of the largest cities of the northwest, 
considered very handsome and attractive as a resi- 
dence, and so healthful in reputation, as to have 
originated the jest that "people are obliged to go 
away from Milwaukie, when they wish to die ! '' Ho- 
tels: th.e Planhmton, WalJcer, und JVeiuhalL [Connec- 
tions, northwest to Horicoiii Portage City, etc.; 
southwest to Milton, Janesville, etc.] 

Leave Milwaukie by the Milwaukie and St. Paul 
road ; Waukesha and Palmyra, famed for their min- 
eral springs and attractive resorts ; by Watertown 
[connection north to Horicon; northwest to Portage 
City, etc.]; to 

Madison", capital of the State, and a very thriving 
and handsome town, with the Capitol, U7iiversity of 
Wisconsin, many other local attractions, and the 



238 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

notably-beautiful Foicr Lakes in the immediate 
neighborhood. [Coiinections southeast to Chicago, 
by the Chicago and North-western road ; and to 
Plymouth, Beloit, etc., by the Madison division of 
the same road]. Madison, by many minor stations, 
to 

Prairie du Chien", important town on the Mis- 
sissippi river, with a considerable river-trade, many 
steamboats making stoppage, and jn^airies in the 
neighborhood, as the name indicates. By ferry 
to 

McGregor, small town on the opposite side of the 
river ; where the route by rail is continued. By 
Colmar [connection westward to Charles City and 
the Missouri river] ; to Austi>t [connection south- 
ward by the Burlington and Cedar Rapids road, to 
Cedar Rapids^ Burlington^ and the Mississippi] ; to 
Ramsey [connection west with Southern Minnesota 
road] ; to Owatona [connection west for Ma7ilcato, 
St. Peter, etc.] ; by St. Paul and Mendot a Junctions 
[connection south west to ManJcatOil etc.; to 

St. Paul, capital of Minnesota, and the largest 
town in the State ; on the Mississippi river, at the 
virtual head of navigation ; with State Capitol ; State 
Reform School ; St. Joseph's Academy (Catholic) ; a 
^riW^e of great length, over the Mississippi ; Carver^s 
Gave and Foimtain Cave in the immediate vicinity, 
etc. Theatre: the O/^em House. Leading Hotel.: 
the Merchants', [Connections: north to Duluth, 



ROUTE NO. IS.— NORTH -western: 239 

on Lake Superior ; northwest to St. Cloud ; west to 
Breckenridge; southwest to St. Peter and Manlcato: 
southeast to Milwaulcie and Chicago, by route just 
traversed ; also southeast to Red Wing, and Lake 
Pepin. Also by steamer to all Mississippi ports, 
St. Louis and New Orleans.] It is from St. Paul 
that visit will be paid (short ride by carriage, by 
Fort Snelling) to the 

Falls of Minnehaha, very beautiful small fall of the 
Minnesota river, made famous by Longfellow in the 
poem of the same name, with the Indian derivation, 
"Laughing Water.'' Also_will be visited, by rail 
from St. Paul, the 

Falls of St. Anthony, and Mmiieapolis, formerly 
St, AiSTTHOKY, a few miles above. The town is a 
thriving one, at the actual head of navigation of the 
Mississippi, with State University, and connection 
by bridge with Miwieapolis, The Falls, though 
with very mean surroundings, are grand, especially 
in the feature of Kapids, and show to best advan- 
tage by moonlight. 

From St. Paul descent of the Mississippi may be 
made, by steamboat, by Red Wing (Minn.) ; La 
Crosse (Wis.) ; Prairie du Chien (Wis.) ; Duhuque 
(Iowa) ; Galena (Ill.)j centre of the lead trade; Dav- 
enport (Iowa) ; Roch Island (111.) ; Burlington 
(Iowa); Nauvoo (111.), original seat of the Mor- 
mons; KeoJcuh (Iowa); Hannihal (Mo.); Alton 
(111.), and many other interesting river ports, with 
stoppages, to St. Louis for the South or return east- 
ward. 



240 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Or, northern route may be taken, leaving St. 
Paul by the T^ake Superior and Mississippi road, 
to 

DuLUTH, neiv nut important town at the extreme 
southwest point of Lake Superior, with good harbor, 
lieavy lake trade and rapidly increasing prosperity, 
Hotel : the Clarh Hoicse, At Duluth, steamer to be 
taken (depending on local direction for the most 
reliable particulars) on Lake Superior, to the Onto- 
nagon Copper Region, on the south shore of that 
Lake ; thence to the Marquette Iron Regioii, on 
the same shore ; thence to the Pictured Rochs, also 
on the same shore. Thence route may be continued, 
through the Sault St. Marie (Strait) into Lake 
Huron, and to Bay City for rail to Detroit; or to 
Detroit by boat direct ; or to Godericli, for return 
by rail through Canada ; or through the St. Clair 
River and Lake, and the Detroit river, to Lake Erie, 
for Toledo, Cleveland, Eric, or Buffalo, on that 
Lake. 

[Another popular route from Milwaukie to the 
North- West is as follows: From Milwaukie, by the 
Chicago, Milwaukie and St. Paul Road, by Water- 
toicn, Portage, Tomah (connection to Grand Rapids 
and lumber region), Sparta, (noted mineral springs), 
Winona Junction, over the Mississippi River at La- 
crosse, by fine sceneiy of Upper Mississippi, by 
Winona, passing Fied Wing, to Minneapolis and 
St. Paul.] 



ROUTE NO. 19,-CANADIAN. 

KIAGARA FALLS TO TOItOXTO, OTTAWA, MOKTEEAL, 

QUEBEC, AKD THE SAGUEIJTAY EIVER ; BY 

GRAND TRUXK RAILWAY, AJ^J) BOAT- 

CONNECTIOI^S. 

Division A 

NIAGARA FALLS TO TORONTO AND OTTAWA. 

Leave Niagara Falls (Suspension Bridge) by Great 
Western Eailway, by Thorolcl, to St Catliarineh (see 
Eonte No. 17) ; and to 

Hamilton (also see Route No 17.) 

From Hamilton, continuing by Toronto branch of 
Great Western Railway, at near the upper coast of 
Lake Ontario, by Gahvillo and other stations, to 

Toronto, most populous city of the Western prov- 
ince (Ontario), and one of the handsomest in Am- 
erica, though excelled in size by many. It lies on 
the Northern shore of Lake Ontario; is well laid out 
and finely shaded ; and has one thoroughfare, Yongc 
Street, actually extending northward as an unbroken 
drive, the whole distance to the foot of Lahe Simcoe, 
some 35 miles. Among the prominent buildings is 
the University of Toronto, a noble structure with 
lofty tower, and fine park surroundiug. Scarcely 
second is Osgoode Hall, the law-court building, with 



243 SnORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

the distinction of not only being one of the most 
tasteful in the world for legal purposes, outside, but 
one of the most completely and tastefully arranged, 
within. There are also the Exchange, Provincial 
Lunatic Asyluia, Trinity College, Normal Scliool, 
etc., all worthy of visit. Of the many Churches, 
three have especial prominence: the Cathedral of St. 
James (Epis.) ; that o^ St. Michael (Catholic) ; and the 
(new) Wesleyan Church. Prominent Hotels: the 
Rosf^in House, and the Queen^s. Those who have 
abundant leisure, should make the drive before 
spoken of, to Lake Simcoe, with wild beauty; those 
With less time will find drives through some of the 
main avenues, and along the shore of the Lake, 
amply repaying them. 

[Connections by rail, north to Lake Simcoe ; west 
to Guelph, Berlin, and other towns on the Grand 
Trunk road. Also, by boat with Niagara Falls, by 
Lewiston and rail along the Niagara Eiver. Also, 
by daily boat along Lake Ontario and down the St. 
Lawrence River to Montreal. Also, to ports on 
the New York side of the Lake.] 

From Toronto by the Grand Trunk Railway ; by 
Frenchman's Bay, Bot07nanville and other stations, 
to 

Port Hope, pleasant little town, on the Lake, with 
hill suburbs and some lake-trade. [Connection 
northwestward to Beaver ton, on Lake Simcoe ; and 
with Lake ports, by boat.] Port Hope to 

Colourg, important station as well as handsome 



ROUTE NO. 1^.— CANADIAN. 343 

fcown, with fair trade, a pleasant residence, and the 
seat of Victoria College (Wesleyan). [Connection 
northward to Peterhoro and Kice and Salmon Trout 
Lakes.] Oobonrg, by Colhorne (not to be con- 
founded with " Port Colbourn," on the Great "Western 
road); by Trenton (on the little river Trent); by 
Belleville., pleasant small town on Moira river (actual 
inlet from the Lake) ; by Napanee, Collins' Bay and 
other stations; to 

Kingston", very old town at the entrance of the 
St. Lawrence river, and once capital of Canada; 
with very heavy fortifications, in Fort Henry and 
several other works ; seat of Queen^s College Uni- 
versity, the Regiopolis Gatliolic College, Provincial 
Penitentiary. Hotel : the British American, Cape 
Vince7it, on the New York shore, lies opposite. 
[Steamer connection from Kingston up the Lake to 
Toronto, down the Lake to Montreal and other 
ports. Also, by Eidean Canal, with Ottawa. From 
Cape Vincent, by rail to Watertown, and thence to 
Home and other points on the New York Central 
road.] 

From Kingston, by Gananoqtte and Mallory 
Town, to Beockville, a town of pleasant location 
and some commercial importance, on the St. Law- 
rence river [connection northward to Carleton Place^ 
Arnprior, etc.; and from Carleton Place, by Canada 
Central road, to Ottawa]. Brock vilie to 

Peescott (Junction), small town, principally of 
transit importance, also on the St. Lawrence. [Con- 



2U SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

nections, north to Ottawa, as see route to be pur- 
sued ; east direct to Montreal, continuing by Grand 
Trunk road ; across the river to Ogdensiurg, on the 
New York side, whence connection south to the 
N'ew York Central road and towns on that line, by 
the Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg road, for 
southward ; or eastward by Ogdensburg and Cham- 
plain road to Rouse's Point, Lake Ohamplain and ' 
SL Albans for all Eastern States]. 

From Prescott, by St. Lawrence and Ottawa road, 
through a region comparatively unbroken, but with 
many features of beauty in natural scenery, to 

Ottawa, Capital of the Dominion of Canada. It 
lies on the Ottawa river, and on the Bideau Canal^ 
running to Lake Ontario at Kingston. The scenery 
in the district is somewhat wild and untamed, but 
very picturesque ; and in the immediate neighbor- 
hood may be witnessed some of the most extensive 
operations in the rafting and sawing of lumber and 
timber, on the whole range of the continent. The 
Chaudiere Great Falls (of the Ottawa) lie within 
the city proper, at the west, are some 200 feet in 
width by 40 in depth, and have many features of 
grandeur; while the Little Falls, handsomer though 
smaller, lie at the east. The Rideau Falls, at the 
northeast, and the Remoux and De Cheyne Rajnds, 
some miles above, are all worthy of visit and 
notice. 

The feature of Ottawa is of course to be found in 
the Parliament Houses and government buildings 



no UTE NO. n,— Canadian: 245 

connected. They are of native stone, lately 
erected, at great cost, and truly magnificent in 
size, design and arrangement — promising, when 
fully completed, with their grounds, to be worthy 
of the Dominion and command great admiration. 
The respective Chanibers of the Senate and House 
of Commons are of the same size as those at West- 
minster Palace, and quite as handsomely finished; 
and there is an immense Library, not yet finished, 
to be capable of accommodating half a million vol- 
umes. They stand at the height of an elevation 
known as " Barrack Hill," forming the apex of the 
higher ground on which the Upper Town is built, 
being divided from the Lower Town by the Kideau 
Canal and its handsome stone bridge. The QueerCs 
Printing House, near the Parliament Houses, the 
Catholic Cathedral, and other prominent buildings, 
demand attention. Leading Hotel: the Russell 
House. [Connection west to Carleion Place and the 
Brockville road ; and to Prescott, Ogdenshurg, etc., 
by the route just traversed. Direct railway along 
the Ottawa river, to Moittreal, in course of con- 
struction]. 

Division B. 

OTTAWA TO AND AT MONTREAL. 

Leave Ottawa by morning boat on the Ottawa 
river ; with fine view, soon after leaving, of the 
Rideau Falls, on the right ; and not long afterwards, 
the entrance of the Oatineau River, tributary of 



I 



246 anOBT'TBIP GUIDE. 

the Ottawa, into that river, the largest on the Conti- 
nent, after the Mississippi and the St. Lawrence, and 
very picturesque throughout, though with a beauty 
untamed. Various minor landings are made, before 
reaching 

L'Origin'AL ; at which point, if time allows, the 
tourist should lie over for one day, to visit the 

Caledonia Springs^ nine miles distant, the heal- 
ing qualities of which have made them very cele- 
brated, with capacious hotel, and the presence, in 
summer, of a very large number of the best known 
people of fashion and condition, in the Dominion. 
Return to L^ Original. 

From L'Original, whether with or without hav- 
ing visited the Springs, the course is pursued by 
boat, down the Ottawa, to 

Grbnville (with Hawkeslury opposite, with large 
saw mills) where the boat is left and a land ride of 
twelve miles taken (the Long SauU Rapids making 
navigation impossible) ; to 

Carillon", at the lower end of the rapids, where 
another boat of the line is taken. It is worthy of 
remark that from Ottawa to this point, the middle 
of the river has been the dividing line between the 
two provinces of Ontario (west) and Quebec (east) ; 
but that here the line leaves the river, striking 
southward to the St. Lawrence, and the course is 
taken entirely in that of Quebec. 

Among the next prominent objects of interest fol- 
lowing, is the Mountain of Rigaud^ looming high 



notTTE m. n.-^OANABiAK 247 

oa the southern bank, above the rough and wooded 
sliores. Several minor landings are made on this 
portion of the river, after leaving which it expands 
into the 

Lake of the Two Mountains, with the two moun- 
tains giving its name, rising on either side, one of 
them. Calvary f being held sacred by the Indians. 
Not long after, is reached 

St. Ai^'Ne's, rendered so celebrated by Moore, in 
the ** Canadian Boat Song/' At this point Mont 
Boy ale, the height above Montreal, comes into view. 
The boat is taken through locks, at St. Anne's, to 
avoid the rapids, coming out into the 

Lake St, Louis, in which the Ottawa for the 
first time joins the St. Lawrence. Landing from the 
boat is made at 

Lachii^"e, where cars of the Grand Trunk Rail- 
Way are taken to 

Montreal, the largest and most prosperous city 
of the British Possessions in North America ; Me- 
tropolitan See of the English Church in Canada, 
and seat of a Catholic Bishopric. It lies on rapidly 
rising ground, on the island of the same name, with 
the St. Lawrence immediately in front, Back Eiver 
forming the sound behind it; and the mountain 
which gives it name, Mount Royal, also rising 
grandly at the back. There are few and unimpor- 
tant fortifications, {St. Helenas Island being the 
principal); but the town has usually been garri- 
soned, being considered the military key of the 



248 BEOBT-TBIP Q VIDE. 

Dominion. The population of Montreal is won- 
drously mixed, there being many streets, in the higher 
and newer parts of the town, in which the English 
and Scotch elements entirely predominate, with 
many of the features of an English city ; while in 
the older and lower parts of the town, many of the 
streets are still called "Eucs," and the prevailing 
architecture, language and manner are all French? 
of not too refined an order. There are now fine 
quays along the river ; costly and elegant residences 
have rapidly increased in number, stretching back 
towards Mount Koyal ; and the commercial impor- 
tance and prosperity of the Northern Metropolis 
have quite kept pace with its growing luxury. 
Among other evidences of its prosperity has been 
the establishment of the fine Allan line of Steamers 
to Liverpool and Glasgow, coming to Quebec and 
Montreal during the open season, and to Portland 
in the winter. 

First among the edifices of Montreal, comes the 
Caniolic Cathedral of Notre Dame, standing on the 
Place (TArmes, in the centre of the old city, and so 
large that it is accredited with containing 10,000 
people without difficulty. It is Gothic in architec- 
ture, with two tall towers, commanding a magnifi- 
cent view from the top ; and within, it has many 
of the features of European churches of the same 
faith. Christ Church Cathedra! (Epis.) and SL 
Andrevfs Church (Episcopal) rank next; and fhe 
Church of the Jesuits, with some fine pictures, is 



ROUTE NO. 1^.— CANADIAN. 249. 

much visited and admired. Of public, commercial and 
other buildings may be especially noted the Court 
House, one of the best on the continent; the Bank 
o/* il/bn^reaZ, near the Cathedral ; McGill College^ at 
the foot of Mount Eoyal; Bonsecours Market, on 
the quay, with large dome and excellent internal 
arrangements; St. Patrick^ s ffallyYictonsi square; 
the Albert Buildings, same place ; Dominion Block, 
McGill street, etc. There are three Nunneries, always 
exciting more or less attention among visitors, and 
to which admission is often granted; the Gray, 
(lately removed); the Black, Notre Dame street;, 
and the Hotel Dieu. Notre Dame and Great St^ 
James Streets may be named as the most fashionable 
promenades; and St. Paul Street as the leading 
commercial. The principal Cemetery is Mount Royal^ 
on the mountain of that name, around which, also, 
is the most fashionable drive of the city. There is a 
handsome Nelson Mo?itiment at the Place Jacques 
Oartier. Theatre: the Montreal. Leading Hotels; 
St. Laiorence Hall, the Ottawa, the Montreal, etc. 

Many excursions of interest can be made from 
Montreal, but the most indispensable one is that 
to 

Tlie Victoria Bridge over the St. Lawrence, at 
Point St. Charles, order to inspect which can be 
obtained from the of&cers of the Grand Trunk Rail- 
way, near the entrance. It is one of the immense 
enterprises of later times, with no less than 23 spana 



250 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

of 242 feet each, a centre one of 330 feet, 
and a total length of two miles. It is tubular, on 
the plan of the great bridge over the Menai Strait, 
in Wales ; was built by Robert Stephenson and A. M. 
Koss ; and opened by the Prince of Wales during his 
American visit, in August, 18G0. 

Another very pleasant excursion, for those reach- 
ing Montreal by rail, is to take rail to Lacliine, and 
thence return to the city by boat Down the Lacliine 
Rapids, with excellent idea thus obtained of that 
feature of the St. Lawrence. 

[Connections fiom Montreal : westward to Otta- 
wa, by the route just traversed ; eastward to Que- 
bec, by the Grand Trunk road (from St. Lambert) ; 
southward to Bouse's Poi^if, and thence to all points 
in the Eastern and Middle United States, (from La 
Prairie). Westward by steamer on the St. Law- 
rence and Lake Ontario, to Toronto and leading 
Lake ports; eastward by steamer on the St. Law- 
rence, to Quebec and the farther East. By Allan 
line of sea-steamers to Halifax, Liverpool and 
Glasgow.] 

Division C. 

MONTREAL TO AND AT QUEBEC, WITH EXCURSIONS 

Leave Montreal (from Bonaventure Station), by 
train on the Grand Trunk Eailway; across the 
Victoria Bridge at Point St, Charles ; by St. Lam- 
herty St, Hyadnthe, and other stations, to 



ROUTE NO. n.~CANADIAir. 261 

RiCHMOi^D, important railway station and point 
of intersection. [Connection, south-eastward, by 
Portland Division of the Grand Trunk road, to 
Island Pond', and thence to Qorliam for the White 
Mountains and southward, or to Portland and 
connections for BosToiT and the east.] 

From Eichmond, by the Quebec branch of the 
Grand Trunk road; by Akthabasca [connection 
northward, by Bulstrode^ to ^S'^. Gregoire, on the 
St. Lawrence river, and Three Rivers (Canada)]; 
by Black River and other stations, to 

Point Levi [continuation of line eastward, to 
Riviere du Loup']. From Point Levi, ferry across 
the St. Lawrence, to 

Quebec, metropolis of the Province of the same 
name ; important military station, with very strong 
fortifications; and with as important historical 
interest as any city on the American continent. It 
iies on the north shore of the St. Lawrence, with ex- 
ceedingly picturesque location, being divided into 
the Upper and Lower Towns, with the very strong 
fortifications of the Upper Town crowning the whole ; 
and the Citadel of Cape Diamond, being considered 
next in strength in the world to Gibraltar and 
Ehrenbreitstein. From the city proper, the suburbs 
of St. Koch and St. John extend along the river St. 
Charles to the Plains of Abraham, on the Heights 
of the same name, rendered ever-memorable by the 
battle fought there between the English Gen. Wolfe 
and the French General Montcalm, in 1759, with 



263 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

the death of both the commanders, but the total de- 
feat of the French, and the final capture of Quebec 
and destruction of the French power in the prov- 
ince. The spot where Wolfe fell, near an old re- 
doubt at the highest point, is pointed out to tourists, 
who haye even a more singular interest in seeing 
the skull of Montcalm, exhumed not many years 
ago, now preserved in the Ursuline Convent. The 
joint Monument to Wolfe and Montcalm is to be 
found in the Public Garden, on Des Carrieres street. 
At the foot of the Citadel is a tower, where the Am- 
erican Genera] Montgomery fell in the assault on 
Quebec, in 1775. Ascent from the Lower to the 
Upper Town is made by a very steep and winding 
street, through the Prescott Gate, by which also the 
fortifications may be reached on the St. Lawrence 
side. The Plains may be entered by the 8t. Louis 
Gate, nearly opposite. The Vieiu from the Citadel, 
over the city, the St. Lawrence and the opposite 
shore, is a truly magnificent one and not to be omit- 
ted by any one with an eye to the picturesque. 

Among the most notable Buildings of Quebec, 
may be named the Parliament House (rebuilt when 
the city was still expected to remain the Capital) ; 
.the very large Artilleiy Barracks ; the immense and 
fine Roman Catliolic Cathedral ; the Ursuline Con 
vent and Cliurch, with attractive gardens ; the En 
glish Cathedral (modern and noble); St, Andretu's 
Church ; the very old church of Notre Dame des 
Victoires, in the Lower Town ; as also, in the Lower 



ROUTE NO, 19.— CASADIAIf. 253 

Town, the Exchange^ Custom House, Marme Hos- 
pital, Post Office, and many of the most extensive 
commercial establishments. It is worthy of remark 
that Quebec, even more than Montreal, has a large 
French admixture, and that in some of the quarters 
many of the lower Parisian dwellings and habits 
may be seen duplicated. Among the principal 
streets are St. Louis ; D^Autouil (near the Espla- 
nade, with many fine residences) ; St. Louis Road 
(from the Gate of the same name ) ; St. Peter 
(Lower Town) — commercial. Principal Cemetery : 
Mt. Hermon, elevated and handsome. Leading 
Hotels : the St. Louis and Russell Hoicse. 

[Connections: south westward to Richmond and 
Mo]^TKEAL, by route just traversed; southward by 
the same route, by Kichmond, to Islarid Pond^ 
PoRTLA]!^D, the White Mountains, etc.; eastward to 
the Riviere du Lotqo. Also, by boat on the St. 
Lawrence, to Mojs'treal, etc.] 

Of short Excursions from Quebec, the most im- 
portant are those to the Falls of Moktmoreitci, 
noble broken cascade, with fine surrounding scenery, 
reached in drive from the city, through Beauporl 
(seat of the Provincial Lunatic Asylum) ; to Lorette, 
a famous Indian Village, very popular for tourists, 
and with a world of Indian goods for sale ; to Cape 
Rouge (" Carouge "), with fine river scenery ; to the 
River and Falls of ilie Cliaudiere, below the city (by 
Point Levi) ; to LaTce St, Charles, with fine scenery 
and good angling. Something longer is that to the 



354 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Falls of St. Anne, which may, however, be taken in 
connection with those of Montmorenci. 

Division D, 

QUEBEC TO RITIERE DU LOUP AITD THE SAGUEXAY 
RIVER. 

Leave Quebec by rail, by Point Levi, along the 
south shore of the St. Lawrence, by Chaudiere 
Junction^ St. TJiomas, B Islet and other stations, to 
Riviere du Loup. 

Or, better, if time will allow the additional day : 

Leave Quebec by one of the steamers of the Cana- 
dian Navigation Company (usual trips twice a week: 
timely reference on this point to be made at the 
hotel of stoppage, at Quebec.) First object of inter- 
est, the large Island of Orleans, in the St. Law- 
rence immediately below the city, with consid( rable 
prosperity. The Falls of St. Anne (before referred 
to), and Lalce St. diaries, celebrated for fine f rout- 
fishing, are both passed, at some miles below, tl: ough 
of course not visible from the boat. The first land- 
ing is made at 

Murray Bay, on the north shore, pleasan fc vil- 
lage and attractive watering-place, much resorted to 
by Canadian families, and with good accomodation. 
Going on by steamer, an hour and a half latf^r is 
reached 

EiYiERE DU Loup, on the southern side of the 
now rapidly- widening St. Lawrence — terminus of 



ROUTE NO. 19.^ CANADIAN. 355 

the easternmost branch of the Grand Trunk road. 
[Connection by rail, southwest to CJiaudi&re Junc- 
tion, for Quebec ; or thence to RicJnnond, for 
Moi^-TREAL, or south to Island Pond for PoKTLAi^D 
or the AVhite Mountains]. [From Riviere du Loup, 
visit is paid, by stage, to the favorite watering- 
place of 

Cacouna, with fine bathing, fishing, and much 
fashionable resort.] 

Leaving Riviere du Loup, again by steamer, 
the St. Lawrence is recrossed, to the entrance of 
the 

SAGUEi^"AY River, with scenery of such grand 
and stupendous wildness as is seldom encountered 
on either continent ; the almost perpendicular cliffs 
at many points, and the great height of the border- 
ing hills, combining with the darkness of the water, 
the frequent waterfalls, and the general aspect of 
wild desolation, to awe as well as enrapture. At 
very near the entrance of the river is passed the 
very old village of Tadoussacj and not long after, 
the little cove containing a fishing station, called 
L'Ance a VEau. The next points of interest 
reached, are the two frightful over-hanging cliff- 
mountains, Cape Eternity and Cape Trinity, be- 
neath which, from the apprehension that they may 
fall at any moment, the tourist has no wish to re- 
main for any long period, while the water seems 
black as ink, from the shadows. Statue Poi7it and 
the Tableau are other points of special interest, ap- 



256 SnORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

proachiiig Ha Ha Bay, a beautiful village, amid 
softened scenery, where the route terminates. 

Return by steamer to Riviere du Loup, Avhence 
rail to Quebec, or to Chaudiere Junction for pro- 
ceeding southward. 



ROUTE NO. 20.-CANADIAN. 

NIAGARA FALLS TO TORONTO, MONTREAL AND 
QUEBEC, BY STEAMERS ; WITH DIREC- 
TION TO OTHER CITIES OF BRITISH 
POSSESSIONS. 

Leave Niagara Falls (Suspension Bridge), by 
train to Lewiston, small town on the American 
shore of the Niagara River (Queenston, larger 
town, on the Canadian side, opposite, with monu- 
ment to the British General Brock, killed there in 
battle in 1812). 

At Lewiston take Toronto boat (twice daily), on 
the Niagara river, with stop at 

Niagara (Village), place of embarkation for 
other passengers from Falls by rail on the American 
side. Immediately below Niagara are passed Fort 
Niagara, on American side, and Fort Massasauga^ 
on Canadian. Soon after, passing from the Rivei 
into Lake Ontario, with short sail to 

Toronto (See Koute No 19). 

At Toronto take Royal Mail steamer for Montreal 
(every day, in connection with boat and train). 
Several hours' sail along the Lake, with shore-views, 
principally north — to 

Kingston. (See Route No. 19). 

(Or, leave Niagara by rail, as in Route No. 19, to 



258 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

IlamiUon, Toronto and Kingston^ first taking boat 
here, at very early morning or afternoon). 

At Kingston the Lake narrows to become virtu- 
ally the St. Lawrence Kiver, though, still very wide, 
and called the ^' Lake of the Thousand Islands," as 
containing the celebrated 

TJiousand Islands, said to number nearly twice as 
many, and certainly studding the stream very thick- 
ly, in rough-tree-crowned, wild and picturesque 
beauty — there really seeming, at times, to be diffi- 
culty in finding passage between them. 

Leaving the Lake of the Thousand Islands, en- 
tering the St. Lawrence proper, passing Ogdenshurg 
on the American side, and Prescott, on the Cana- 
dian (connection to Ottawa — see Route No. 19), — 
are soon entered the 

Rapids of the St. Lawrence, among the most ex 
tended and notable to be found in any river on thu 
globe, and some of them startling to the inexpe- 
rienced who mark the rapid rush of the water and 
the sharp inclination of the boat, at the worst mo- 
ments; though the amount of danger involved, 
with good boats and the inevitable skilful pilot- 
age, must be almost nothing, as accidents are liter- 
ally unheard of. The difierent Eapids follow each 
other in the succession named : the Gallopes (4) ; the 
Plate ; the Depleau ; the Long Sault ; the Coteau ; 
the Cedars (considered by many the finest ) ; the 
Cascades; and the Lacliine (shortest of all, but 
more sensational than any of the others). Im- 



ROUTE NO. ^0.— CANADIAN. 259 

mediately after passing the Lachine, is in sight, and 
soon after reached, 

MoNTEEAL. (See Eoute No. 19). 

From Montreal (every evening) by boats of the 
Eichelieu Company, making the whole passage dur- 
ing the night (little interesting scenery offering), 
and landing in the morning at 

Quebec. (See Route No. 19 ; as also for excur- 
sion to Riviere du Loup and the Saguenay River). 

SKELETON ROUTES TO OTHER TOWIJS OF BRITISH 
POSSESSIONS. 

Halifax, Capital of Nova Scotia. Reached by 
steamers of the Allan line, from Montreal or Port- 
land ; or by packet-steamer direct from Portland ; 
or from St. John, N. B., by steamer to Windsor, 
N. S., and rail thence to Halifax. Hotels : the 
Waverley, Stewarfs, Halifax, and International. 

St. John, New Brunswick. From Boston, by 
steamer, twice a week. From Halifax, N. S., by 
rail and steamer, by Windsor, N. S. Hotels : Wav- 
erley and Stulbs\ 

Fredericton, Capital of New Brunswick. From 
Boston, by steamer to St. John's, and small steamer 
up the St. John River. Hotel : the Barher House, 

Windsor, Nova Scotia. By rail from Halifax. 

Sidney, Cape Breton. By boat from Halifax. 

Shediac, New Brunswick. By rail from St. John, 
N. B. ; also by steamer from Quebec. 

Charlotte Town, Prince Edward's Island. By 



960 BEORT TRIP O UIBE. 

rail from St. John, N. B,, to Shediac, K B. : thence 
boat. 

PiCTOU, Nova Scotia. By rail from St. John, 
N. B., to Shediac, N. B. ; thence boat 

Bathurst, New Brunswick. By boat from She- 
diac ; also ti-om Quebec. 



ROUTE NO. 21. FAR-WESTERN iSEMI-SKELETOM.^ 

CHICAGO TO OMAHA, SALT LAKE CITY, SAX FllAX- 
CISCO, BIG TEEES AND YO-SEMITE YALLEY. 

Division A. 

CHICAGO TO OMAHA, BY OPTION^AL ROUTES. 

By Chicago and North- Western road. 

Leave Chicago by Chicago and North- Western 
road, to 

Junction [counection north-westward to Madi- 
son; westward to Dtinleith and Dubuque]. Junc- 
tion, by Geneva and other stations, to 

Dixon [connection northward to Freeport; south- 
ward to Bloomington, Springfield, Altoti and St. 
LouisJ. By other stations to 

Sterling [connection south-westward to Eock 
Island] ; to 

Clinton, on the Mississippi River, entering the 
State ot Iowa [river connections north and south. 
Connections to Dubuque, McGregor, Prairie du 
Chien and Lacrosse]. Clinton, by various stations, 
to 

Cedar. Rapids, railway centre on the Cedar 
River. [Connections, northeast to Dubuque ; north 
to Waterloo, Austin and St. Paul; south to Bur- 
lington and Keohulc\. Cedar Rapids, by various 
other stations, to 



262 SHOBT'TRIP OUIDE. 

Marshall^ [connections northward to Mason City, 
Austin and St. Paul ; southward to Ottumwa, Keo- 
kuk, &c.] ; to Boone, thriving town and coal centre, 
to 

GrRAiTD Junction [connection north to Fort 
Dodge']. Grand Junction, by many other stations, 
through the Valley of the Des Moines, to 

Missouri Valley Jukctioj^t. [Minor connec- 
tions north to Sioux City ; westward by California 
Junction, across the Missouri Eiver to Fremont and 
the Union Pacific road, for California and the Pa- 
cific coast]. By other stations to 

CouNGiL Bluffs, on the eastern side of the Mis- 
souri Eiver. [Connections north to Sioux City, &c. ; 
south to Nebraska City (by branch), Lincoli?", 
Capital of Nebraska, St. Joseph, on the Missouri 
River, &c]. Prom Council Bluffs, bridge-transfer 
(railroad), to Omaha. 

By Chicago and Rock Island road. 

Leave Chicago by the Chicago and Eock Island 
road; by Englewood [connections eastward to all 
cities on the Michigan Southern and L;ike Shore 
roads; southeastward to Fort Wayne, Pittshurg, 
&c.]. By other stations to 

JOLIET, large town on the Des Moines Eiver, 
with State Penitentiary, extensive stone-quarries, 
&c. [Connections, eastward to Michigan Southern 
and Lake Shore roads ; south westward to Blooming- 



ROUTE NO. 2i.— FAR-WESTERN. 263 

ton and Springfield ; also by Canal with Chicago]. 
By other stations to 

La Salle, flourishing town and coal centre on 
the Illinois river. [Connections, north to Mendota 
and Freeport, south to Bloomington and Spring- 
field, by Illinois Central road ; also by steamer to 
St. Louis]. La Salle, by Bureau [connection south- 
ward to Peoria] ; by Pond Greek [connection south- 
westward to Quincy and to Burlington] ; by minor 
stations to 

Rock Island, important town on the Mississippi, 
with extensive manufactures and river trade. [Con- 
nections northeast to Freeport^ etc.; southeast to 
Peoria; south to Alton and St. Louis; also by 
steamboat to St. Louis]. From Eock Island, by 
bridge over the Mississippi, to 

Davenport (Iowa), large town on the western 
bank of that river, with water-power, manufactures, 
Grisiuold and other Colleges, an Opera House, etc. 
[Connections, substantially same as Rock Island]. 
Davenport to Wilton [connection south westward to 
Muscatine, Washington, and the Kansas Pacific 
road] ; to Moscow [connection, by Ashland, with 
Des Moines Valley road] ; to 

West Liberty [connection south to Burlington ; 
north to Cedar Rapids, etc.] ; to 

Iowa City, on the Iowa river, formerly capital of 
the State, and now with State University, manu- 
factures, etc. By other stations to Grinnell, seat of 
Iowa College [connections north to Mason City, 



264 SHORT-TRIP OUIDE. 

etc.; south to OUu?mva, etc.] By other stations 
to 

Des Moi^^es, capital of the State of Iowa, thriv- 
ing manufacturing town and coal centre, at the 
coniluence of Des Moines and Eaccoon rivers, with 
magnificent State House in course of erection. [Con- 
nections, northwest to Fort Dodge and Sioux City; 
southeast to Ottumwa^ Kcolcuk, etc.J Des Moines, 
by Dexter y Casey ^ Atlantic, and other stations, to 

Council Bluffs and Omaha. (See Chicago and 
Northwestern route over the same distance, imme- 
diately preceding.) 

By Chicago, Burlington and Quincy road. 

Leave Chicago by the Chicago, Burlington and 
Quincy road, by Aurora, on Fox river; by Mc7idota, 
agricultural and manufacturing town, seat of Men- 
dot^ College, and of a Wesleyan Seminary [connec- 
tion south to Bloomington, etc., north to Frceport, 
etc., by the Illinois Central road] ; by Princeton, 
Galva ; by Galesburg, seat of Knox and Lombard 
Colleges [connection south-eastward to Peoria, etc.]; 
by Monmouth, to 

Burli:n'GTO]^, on the Mississippi river, one of the 
largest and most important towns of Iowa, with fine 
river scenery, extensive commerce, by river and other- 
wise, seat of Burlington University (Baptist), and a 
great railway centre. [Connections very general; 
principally by the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy 
road and its branches ; and Mississippi river may be 



ROUTE No. 21.— FAB WESTERN. 265 

ascended to Roch Island, Dubuque, etc., or descended 
to St. Louis, etc.] 

From Burlington by the Burlington and Missouri 
road, by the important stations of Ottumiva [con- 
nections north to Cedar Rapids, southward and east- 
ward to St. Louis, etc.J ; Chariton. Osceola, Creston, 
Red Oah, Pacific Junction, etc., to 

Council Blupfs and G^iaha. (See Chicago and 
North Western route.) 

Division B, 

'>MAHA to OGDEN", salt lake city, AJTD SA2^ 
EKAKCISGO. 

Omaha, Nebraska, on the western side of the 
Missouri river, opposite Council Bluffs, well located, 
and unprecedentedly rapid in growth, though de- 
riving its principal importance from the great Pacific 
transit through it, and the commercial supply of a 
wide section, making it the central point between 
Chicago and San Francisco. Communication with 
Council Bluffs by ferry boat, and by the magnificent 
iron bridge now crossing the Missouri. [Connec- 
tions: (besides the routes just traversed) south-east 
to Ottumwa, KeolcicJc, and BuRLiXGTOiq", by the 
Burlington and Missouri road ; north to California 
Junction and 8ioux City ; south to St. Joseph, 
Wyandotte, and Topeka, capital of the State of 
Kansas; etc.] 

[Before proceeding westward from Omaha, on the 
great Pacific Eoute, a few observations are worthy of 



366 8H0BT-TRIP GUIDE. 

notice. First, no apprehensions of the length of 
the road need be entertained, as to anything more 
than easily-endurable fatigue — the road, through- 
out, from Omaha to the Pacific, being thoroughly 
well laid, a large proportion of it straight and level, 
and the moderate rate of speed making the motion 
smooth and easy, so that reading, writing, card- 
playiug, conversation or eating (if lunch is carried), 
are all practicable and easy throughout. Second, to 
secure the full charm of the route, berths in the 
Pullman Sleeping Carriages, advisable elsewhere, 
are almost indispensable for the night-and-day 
travel on the Union Pacific road, as are the Silver 
Palace Oars of the same character correspondingly 
necessary beyond Ogden, on the Oentral Pacific 
road. The cost of using these coaches, with freer 
room and greater privileges by day and comfortable 
sleeping-accommodations by night, will be found 
but a trifle added to the price of tickets (only $8.00, 
Omaha to Ogden ; 16.00, Ogden to the Pacific) ; and 
no wiser additional outlay can be made, as no more 
complete luxury can be found in any line of travel. 
Third, the trains stop at convenient stations for 
meals, which will be found good enough for all 
practical purposes, and many excellent ; though 
parties of several persons will probably add to their 
comfort by taking lunch-baskets, prepared food, and 
what drinks they may prefer, and having tables set 
for them in the cars, at leisure, by the stewar<Js or 
porters. Fourth, at some portions of the long rde 



ROUTE No. 21.— FAR WESTERN. 267 

there is always dust, and linen or other dusters (wraps) 
are indispensable; while the same stout clothing 
needed nearly all the year at San Francisco and 
other places on the immediate Pacific coast, is often 
found i^leasant at that point of the route which 
crosses the Rocky Mountains. Fifth, to the intel- 
ligent and observing, the ride is hj no means monot- 
onous, at least on the first crossing — the infinite 
variety of scenery making such monotony impos- 
sible. The first few hours from Omaha show the 
Prairies, in perfection, with an absolute level, fer- 
tility, though without wood, the Platte river on the 
left, and a sea of living green; the second day 
changes the prairies to the Plains, with less fertility, 
some bluffs, and low river scenery; while, also on 
the second day, the snow-crested Rocky Mountains 
are seen, the route of travel roughens, and the 
mountains themselves are crossed; to these succeed 
the High Plains of Laramie ; then the Desert, with 
rocky bluffs ; then the Wahsatch Mountains, gener- 
ally snow-crowned, and the grand scenery of Echo 
and Weber Canons, penetrating through them, to 
Ogden (with its detour of Salt Lake City). Beyond 
Ogden occurs, first^ grand scenery on the left, of the 
Wahsatch, the Great Salt Lake, etc.; then succeed 
the Great American Desert, with its characteristics 
of desolation indicated by the name — the Valley of 
the Humboldt, with some approach to fertility — 
followed by the Great l^evada Sandy Desert, more 
desolate than any preceding, but curious in its 



268 8R0RT-TBIP GUIDE. 

bluffs and rock formations. Then follow tlie noble 
and wild scenery of the Sierra Nevada Mountains, 
nearly always snow-crowned, tlie tremendous passes 
over and around the summits of those mountains, 
with nearly forty miles of snow-sheds, views of the 
great gold-mining sections and operations, the thril- 
ling descent of the Sierras, to the English-looking 
and fertile plains of California.] 

The following table shows all the stations between 
Omaha and San Francisco, on both the Union and 
Central Pacific roads, with the distances from 
Omaha, and the altitudes of all points above sea- 
level. Those in capitals are the more important 
stations; and in notes following, and marked by 
reference letters {a, 5, c, etc.) will be found some of 
the notable features of the route, the connections, etc. 
General eating-stations are designated, in the notes, 
by the initials « G. E. S." 



1 < 
S o 


STATIONS. 


1 




OMAHA DEPOT 


966 


4 
10 


Summit Siding 

Gilmore a 


1142 
976 


15 


Papillon . » 


972 


29 


Elkborn b 


1150 


35 


Valley 


1120 


47 


.... Fremon t c 


1176 


54 


Ketcliiim 


1270 


63 


North Bend d 


1259 


69 


Rogers 


1359 



ROUTE NO. 21.— FAR WE8TERK 269 



hi 

5 2^ 
o o 


STATIONS. 


CO 

a 


76 


Schuyler 


1335 


84 


Richland 


1440 


92 


Columbus e 


1432 


99 


Jackson 


1470 


109 


Silver Creek 


1534 


121 


Clark's 


1610 


132 


Lone Tree 


1686 


142 


Chapman's 


1760 


148 


Lockwood 


1800 


154 


GRAND ISLAND e\ 


1850 


162 


Alda 


1907 


172 


Wood River 


1974 


183 


Gibbon 


2046 


191 


Kearnev f 


2106 


201 


Stevenson 


2170 


212 


Elm Creek 


2241 


221 


Overton 


2305 


230 


Plum Creek g '. . . 


2370 


240 


Cayote 


2440 


250 


Willow Island 


2511 


260 


W^arren 


2570 


268 


Brady Island 


2637 


278 


JMcPherson h , 


2695 


285 


Gannett 


2752 


291 


NORTH PLATTE e 


2789 


299 


Nichols , 


28S2 


808 


,., O'Fallon's 


2976 


315 


Dexter 


3000 


322 


Alkali 


3038 


332 


Roscoe 


3105 


342 


Ogalalla 


3190 


351 


Brule 


3266 


361 


Bi^ Spring 


3325 


369 


...,, Barton 


3421 


377 




3500 


387 


Chappel 


3702 


397 


Lodge Pole 


3800 


408 




4022 



270 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 



S o 


STATIONS. 


1 


414 


SIDNEY k 


4073 


423 


Brownson 


4200 


433 


, . . Potter 


4370 


442 


Bennett 


4580 


451 


.Antelope 


4712 


463 


Buslinell 


4860 


473 


Pine Bluffs, W. T. I 


5026 


484 


Eijbert 


5272 


496 


Hillsdale m 


5591 


508 


Archer 


6000 


516 


CHEYENNE n 


6041 


523 


Hazard 


6325 


531 


Otto .-... 


6724 


536 


Granite Canon , 


7298 


542 


Buford 


7780 


549 


Sherman o 


8242 


558 


Harney 


7857 


564 


Red Bnttes 


7336 


570 


Fort Saunders 


7163 


573 


LARAMIE V 


7123 


581 


Howell 


7090 


587 


Wyomin sj 


7068 


602 


Cooper's Lake 


7044 


606 


Lookout 


7169 


638 


Como 


6680 


645 


Medicine Bow 


6550 


656 


Carbon q .' 


6750 


662 


Simpson 


6898 


669 


Percy r 


6950 


675 


. . . . Dana 


6875 


680 


St. Mary's s 


6751 


688 


Walcott 


6800 


690 


Fort Steele 


6840 


704 


Grennville 


6560 


709 


RAAVLINS 


6732 


716 


Summit 


6821 


723 


Separation 


690^ 


730 


Fillmore 


688^ 



ROUTE NO. 21.— FAB WESTERN. 271 



Dietances 

from 
OMAUA. 


STATIONS. 


o 

1 


737 


Crestou t 


7030 


744 


Latham 


6900 


753 


"\Vash-a-kie 


6697 


761 


Red Desert 


6710 


775 


, Table Rock 


6890 


785 


Bitter Creek 


6685 


'794 


Black Buttes 


6600 


798 


Hfillville 


6590 


805 


Point of Rocks. 


6490 


817 


Salt Wells 


6360 


825 


Baxter 


6300 


831 


, . , Rock Springs 


6380 


839 


Lawrence 


6200 


845 


GREEN RIVER u 


6140 


858 


. Bryan v 


6340 


867 


, Marston 


6345 


876 


,, .Gran O'er. ... 


6370 


887 


Cliur cli Buttes w 


6317 


896 


Hampton. 


6500 


904 


Carter x 


6550 


913 


Bridger 


6780 


928 


..,, Leroy 


7133 


937 


Piedmont 


6540 


944 


, Aspen . . ... 


7835 


950 


Millis 


6790 


614 


..,,, Miser . . . 


6810 


623 


Rock Creek 


6690 


630 


Wilcox 


7033 


957 


EVANSTON, Utah j^ 


6870 


966 


Walisatch. 


6879 


975 


Castle Rock z 


6290 


983 


Hanc'ing Rock 


5974 


991 


Echo 


5315 


999 


Weber Quarry 


5250 


1007 




5130 


1015 


Peterson 


4963 


1019 


Devil's Gate 


4870 


1034 


Uintah 


4560 



273 SHORT- TRIP UIDE. 





STATION'S. 


§ 


1032 


OGDEN aa 


4340 


1040 


Bonneville ... 


4310 


1055 


Corinne oh 


4294 


1073 


Blue Creek 


4360 


1084 


Promontory cc 


4943 


1092 


Rozel 


4600 


1105 


Monument eld 


4290 


1123 


Kelton 66 


4500 


1139 


Matlin 


4821 


1153 


, . , Terrace « . 


4450 


1178 


Lucin 


4400 


1187 


Tecoma, Nevada 


4600 


1197 


. .Montello 


4800 


1206 


Lorav 


5409 


1215 


TOANO ft 


5964 


1227 


Pequop 


6180 


1236 


Independence 


6115 


1251 


. Wells aa 


5650 


1259 


Tulasco 


5418 


1283 


Halleck 


5220 


1297 


Osino Tih 


5100 


1307 


Elko a 


5030 


1319 


, . .... Moleen 


5000 


1330 


CARLIN jj 


4930 


1339 


Palisade jy* 


4870 


1358 


Be-o-v\ra-we 


4717 


1368 


Shoshone 


4665 


1379 


Arcenta kk 


4575 


1391 


. Battle Mountain kk\ 


4534 


1410 


Stone House 


4449 


1434 


. , Golconda 


4419 


1451 


........... ! WINNEMUCCA 11 


4355 


1472 


Raspberry 


4354 


1492 


Humboldt mm 


4202 


1514 


Oreana 


4206 


1525 


,,, Lovelock's 


4100 


1541 


. . , Brown's 


3955 


1553 


White Plains 


3921 



ROUTE NO, 21.— FAB WESTERN. 273 



hi 
m 

p o 


STATIONS. 


0. 


1568 


Hot Springs 


4098 


1587 


WADS WO RTH nn 


4104 


1602 


Clark's 


4290 


1614 


Vista 


4400 


1622 


Reno 00 


4525 


1633 


Verdi, California pp 


4915 


1648 


Boca . ... 


5560 


1657 


TRUCKEE qq 


5866 


167i 


, Summit w. 


7042 


1684 


Cisco 


5911 


1692 


Emigrant Gap ss 


5309 


1697 


Blue Canon 


4700 


1706 


Alta 


3625 


1709 


Dutch Flat 


3425 


1711 


Gold Run tt 


3245 


1722 


, . , .Colfax wu 


3448 


1740 




1385 


1745 


. Newcastle. 


920 


1754 


Rocklin . 


269 


1758 


Junction U7C^ 


189 


1768 


Arcade 


76 


1776 


SACRAMENTO m 


56 


1803 


Gait 


73 


1824 




46 


1834 


Lathrop icx 


48 


1867 
1893 


Livermore 

Niles 


520 
148 


1914 


San Jose yy 


114 


3909 


Oiikland zz 





1914 


SAN FRANCISCO 






NOTES. 

a. Gilmore, entrance of the Pa- illon Valley. 

b. Elkliorn^ entrance of the Platte Valley, and crossing 
of the Elkhorn river. 

c. Fremont, connection with the Chicago and North- 
Western road, by California Junction. G. E. S. 



274 SROEI^TEIP GUIDE. 

d. JVbrth Bend, with first views of the Platte river on the 
left. 

e. Columbus, with bridge across the Platte, and railroad 
crossing the Loup Fork near, 

ef . Grand Island, important station. G. E. S. 

f. Kearney, supply station for Fort Kearney, in the im- 
mediate neighborhood. 

g. Plum Greek, scene of the Plum Creek Massacre of rail- 
road employees, 1868. 

h. McPherson, supply station for Fort McPherson on the 
opposite side of the river. 

i. JS^orth Platte, with extensive machine-shop of ihe rail- 
way company. 

j. Julesburg, with Fort Sedgwick near — the place having 
some activity and the reputation of being the wickedest in 
the world, during the railway building, but now stripped 
and in decay. 

k. Sidney, important station, with railway repair-shops, 
and Sidney Barracks, military station, adjoining. G. E. S. 

1. Pine Bluffs, with singular rock scenery in the neigh- 
borhood. 

m. Hillsdale, with first views, near, of the Black Hills, 
the snow-crowned peaks of the Rocky I^Iountains ; and 
Pike's Peak, Long's and Spanish Peaks, of the Colorado 
Mountains, often visible at the south-west, at the incredible 
distance of 170 miles. 

n. Cheyenne, principal station between Omaha and 
Ogden, with railway shops. Point of connection, by the 
Denver Pacific road, with Denver ; and thence, by the Kan- 
sas Pacific road, with Topeka, Lawrence and other Kansas 
towns, and St. Louis. Also, by the road to Denver, and 
stages thence, with Central City, Golden City, Pikers Peak, 
and other mountain and mining centres of Colorado. Also, 
central military station of the Plains. G. E. S. 

o. Sherman, highest point of the railway over the Rocky 
Mountains, and also highest railway-station in the world, 
with altitude of 8,242 feet. 

p. Laramie, important station, with railway machine- 
shops, near the North Park on the south and the Black Hills 
on the north, and very favorable for residence and mountain 
rambles. G. E. S. 

q. Carbon, ^\X\i coal-mines in the neighborhood. 

r. Percy, with fine views of Elk Mountain. 

s. St. Mary's, with wild and rugged scenery in the vic>'*" 
:ty, and a crossing of the Laramie river. 



ROUTE No. 21.—FAIC WESTERN. 275 

t. Creston, at tlie summit of the dividiug-ridge of the 
continent, though really lower than Sherman. 

u. Green River, thriving village, fording-place of Ihe 
old Overland Stage line, and with tine views of the Uintah 
Mountains at the south, and the Wind River Mountains at 
the north. G. E. S. 

V. Bryan, important station, and point of connection, by 
stage, with the Sweet Water mining region and the once 
popular South Pass of the Overland emigration. 

w. Church Buttes^ with singular rock formations in the 
neighborhood, giving it the name; and the chief place of 
supply of the celebrated moss-agates of the section. 

X. Carter, supply station for Fort Bridger, near. 

y. Evanston, new but thriving town of Utah, with repu- 
tation for supplying the alkali bread, of peculiar excellence; 
and the point at which, when available, the open "observa- 
tion car" is attached to the westward- bound train, for favor- 
able views of the snow-crowned Wahsatch mountains, and 
through Echo and Weber Cafions. G-. E. S. 

z. Castle Rock, entrance to the grand rock scenery of 
Echo Canon, and of Weber C;mon, following, with Pulpit 
Rock, the Thousand Mile Tn e, the Devil's Gate, Devil's 
Slide, and other notable features of one of the most remark- 
able passes on the continent. 

aa. Ogden, termination of the Union Pacific road, and 
commencement of the Central Pacific; Morm.on town of 
Bome prosperity, and with grand scenery at the north, in 
in Ogden and other Canons. Also, point of departure, by the 
Utah Central railroad, for Salt L:ike City (see that detour, 
Division D, followiDg), and for northern points by the Utah 
Northern road. G. E. S. , 

• bb. Gorinne, important station near the Great Salt Lake, 
with stage connection to the Lake, and by boat to Salt Lake 
City; also stage connection to Virginia, Helena, and other 
mountain and mining towns of Nevada and Montana. 

cc. Promontory — Promontory Point, so called from strange 
rock protuberances near it ; the spot where the " last spike" 
of the connecting roads was driven on the lOlh May, 1869, 
and where the connection of the two roads was expected to 
be made, until transferred to Ogden by Act of Congress. 

dd. Monument, commencement of the Great American 
Desert. 

ee. Kelton, with connection by stage to Boise City, Rocky 
Bar, and other mining sections in Idaho, and thence to citie? 
of Oregon. 



276 SHOUT- TRIP G UIDE. 

ff. Toano, important station, at near tlie entrance to the 
UuraboltU Valley. G. E. S. 

gs;. Wells, with the Humboldt Wells and their fertile 
oases in the neighborhood, and point of stage departure for 
northern mines. 

hh. Osino, western termination of the Humboldt Valley. 

ii. Mko, important station and thriving town of Nevada, 
with stage and wagon connections to White Pine, Wyoming, 
and other mining districts. 

jj. Carlin, another important station, and rival of Elko. 
G. E. S. 

kk. Argenta, with stage connections to Austin and Bel- 
mont, and distributing trade to Reese river and White 
Pine mining districts. 

kk. Battle Mountain. G. E. S. 

11. Winnemiicca, with railway shops and mining trade, 
and stage connection to Boise City, Paradise, Silver City, etc. 
Also, virtual commencement of the Great Nevada fcJandy 
Desert. 

mm. Humboldt, with bridge crossing of the Humboldt 
river, and Sink of the Humboldt visible at the left. G. E. S. 

nn. Wadsworth, western ter.nination of the Great Nevada 
Desert, and commencement of ascent of the Sierra Nevada 
Mountains. Also, with extensive workshops, and with Pyra- 
mid Lake at some twenty miles due northward. 

00. Reno, important station, on the Truckee river, and 
great mining centre of supplies and transportation, with 
railway connection to Carson City, Virginia City, Gold Hill^ 
Washoe, etc. 

pp. Verdi, point of entering California. 

qq. Truckee, thriving town, with numerous saw mills' 
and many characteristics of the early California towns. 
Point of detour from the railway, by stage to Lake Tahoe^ 
15 miles southward (see Division E), and to Lake Donner, 
at a short distance northward. Has fine mountain scenery 
in the neighborhood, and thence westward up the Sierra 
though with many interruptions from the snow-sheds. Not 
far westward from Truckee are caught noble views of Lako 
Donner, lying far below, to the right. 

rr. Summit, highest point of the railway over the Sierra 
Nevada, almost always with much snow in the neigiibor- 
hood, and surrounded by snow-sheds. G. E. S. 

ss. Emigrant Gap, at and beyond which may be said to 
commence the grand scenery of the descent of the Sierrao, 



ROUTE No. 21.— FAR WESTERN. 276a 

of whicli the two most strking points are the Great A.meri- 
can Canon, and Capf3 Horn. 

tt. Gold Run, in the neighborhood of which, from the 
road, may be surveyed many of the eifects and some of the 
processes of hydrauhc gold-mining in California. 

uu. Colfax, important station, and point at which ceases 
the very steep descent of the Sierras. G. E. S. 

vv. Sacramento, capital of Caliiornia, lying on the Sa- 
cramento river, with a very handsome Co/pitol not yet fin- 
ished, a large amount of trade by river and otherwise, the 
Yolo Bridge over the river. Central Pacific Raikcay Works^ 
and many attractions as a residence. [Steamboat commu- 
nication down the Sacramento river, by Amador, Benicia^ 
Vallejo, etc., supplying very pleasant transit to San Fhan- 
cisco.] G. E. S. 

WW. Stockton, large town of the San Joaquin Valley, at 
the head of navigation on the San Joaquin river, mining 
emporium, wheat-centre, and one of the points of departure 
for the Big Trees of Calaveras, the Yo Semite Valley, etc. 

XX. Lathrop, thriving town of San Joaquin Valley, point 
of junction ot the Visalia Division of the C. P. R. li., and 
another of tho favorite points of departure for the Yo 
Semite. G. E. S. 

yy. San Jose, pleasant and favorite town, south-east of 
San Francisco, and pushed through, from Niles, when 
making the detour south of the Bay and reaching San Fran- 
cisco by rail without ferriage from Oakland. 

zz. Oakland, thriving town and favorite residence, cele- 
brated for its growth of live-oaks, and as being the site of 
the University of California. Terminus of the Central 
Pacific road, whence ferry to San Francisco. 



Division 0. 

SAIlT FRAKCISCO, WITH SHORT EXCURSIONS. 

Sai^- Frakcisco, called the " Metropolis of the 
Pacific/' as well as the *^ Golden City," lies on the 
western side of the Bay of the same name, with 
entrance to the Pacific Ocean throngh the " Golden 
Gate." It is immense in trade and wealth, with 



276& SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

singularly varied and sometimes-trying climate, and 
a dashing enterprise unparalleled elsewhere. Cali- 
forjiia, Montgomery^ Clay, Bush, Washington, Kear- 
ney, Stockton and Dupont, are among the principal 
streets ; and Market street divides them between, 
north and south, as in Philadelphia. Telegraph Hill, 
at the northern side, gives a splendid view of the 
city and harbor, and many of the distant mountains. 

Among leading Public Buildings are the U, 8, 
Mint, Commercial street (new one building, at Mis- 
sion and Fifth streets) ; the Custom House (with 
Post Office) ; Merchants'^ Exchange, California street; 
New City Hall (building, Yerba Buena Park) ; U, 
S. Marine Hospital, Mission street; Roman Cath. 
Orphan Asylum, Market street ; St. Ignatius Col- 
lege, Market street; etc. Prominent Churches: 
Grace Church (Epis.) ; St. Mary^s and St. Patricks 
Cathedrals (Cath.); Calvary Presbyterian; First 
Methodist J First Baptist; Jewish Synagogue 
Emanuel; Mariners^ Church, etc. Leading 
Theatres: the California, Metropolita7i, Maguire^s 
Opera i7o2i5e, Alhambra. Chinese Theatres : Dupont 
street and Jackson street. Leading Hotels: the 
Occidental, Cos?no2)olitan, Grand, and Lick House. 

Other Features of Interest will be found, The 
Cliinese, whose head-quarters in the "Western "World 
are at San Francisco, and in whose " quarter," "Joss 
House" or Temple, and Theatre, much experience 
may be gained ; Woodiuard's Gardens, with very fme 
collections in Natural Histoiy and a Hall for public 
amusements ; the City Water Works, etc. 



ROUTE M. 21.— FAR WESTERN 276<: 

Near Excursions will include those to Lone Moun- 
tain Cemetery, with fine outlook, tombs of Broderick, 
Col. Baker, and others; to the Cliff House and Seal 
Rock, with the Seals always crowning the latter 
(favorite drive or horse-cars, with stages connecting) ; 
to the Ocean House and Race Coarse, near the 
latter; to the Hunter's Point Dry Docks ; to the 
Mission Dolores (street car) ; to the Presidio, Fort 
Pomt, etc., (drive or street car) ; and many others, 
locally directed, for longer sojourners. There are 
also ferries to Oakland, San Antonio, Alameda, 
Contra Costa^ San Quentin and Saucelito. 

[Connections from San Francisco. (Local hotel 
inquiry advisable, for particulars.) By rail to Sac- 
KAMEi^TO, Marysville, Oroville, Shasta, (Shasta 
Butte-Mountaiu) Fre^-a and other towns north; to 
Stockton, Sa7i Jose, Visalia, and other towns, and 
New Almaden Mines, south ; eastward to Salt Lake 
City, Omalia, and the East, by route just traversed. 
(Railway being laid, farther north, to Oregon City, 
Portland, Vancouver, etc.) By river-steamer to 
Sacramek'TO. By sea-steamer on the Pacific, to 
Monterey, St, Luis, Santa Barbara, Acapulco, and 
other towns on the Pacific, southward ; with con- 
nection at Pa]S"AMA with the Panama Railway and 
steamers on the Atlantic from Aspin"WALl to New 
York. Also by sea-steamer ngrth to Portland and 
other towns of Oregon. Also by sea-steamer to the 
Sandwich Islands, with connection thence to Aus- 
tralia. Also by Pacific mall steamers to Japais" 



27Qd SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

and Chika, with connections to British India, 
the Peninsular and Oriental steamers and overland 
route to Egypt, Mediterranean and Euhope.] 

Division D. 

DETOUR mOSI OGDEN- TO SALT LAKE CITY. 

Leave Ogden by cars of the Utah Central Eailway, 
down the Great Salt Lake Valley, with the Wahsatch 
Mountains (a part of them always snow-crowned) 
rising boldly on the left and forming the eastern 
rim of the valley ; and the Great Salt Lake, with 
encircling mountains and bold islands, forming the 
western boundary. The valley is very fertile, though 
needing and receiving constant irrigation on account 
of deficient rain; and the Mormon farms and home- 
steads line the eastern side of the valley, and nestle 
under the mountains the whole distance. Passing 
through the settlements of Kaysville, Farmington, 
Centreville, and Bountiful, at 3G miles from Ogden 
is reached 

Salt Lake City, lying at the southern extremity 
of the fertile portion of the Valley, with marshy 
ground extending for some miles southward from it 
and westward to the lake. It is well laid out, with 
broad and well-shaded streets, streams of water run- 
ning through many of them, though little that is 
complimentary can be said of the houses, a large 
proportion of them ill-built of adobe or Avood. A 
full view of the noble Wahsatch Range is com- 



nOVTE No. 21.— FAR WESTERN. 276e 

manded . from every portion of the town. Two 
wagon roads, leading southward and eastward to the 
mines and mountain settlements, enter the city at 
the eastward, through Emigrant and Parley Canons. 
There is also stage connection from the City, for 
Frovo, Fillmore^ San Bernardino, and other towns 
in Lower California, and for Stockton and Rush 
Valley in the West. Salt Lake City, from its com- 
mencement, the home of the Mormon religion and 
ascendancy, is now growing to be a great mining 
exchange, its character becoming Gentilized and. 
revolutionized. 

Among the most notable buildings in the city are 
the Tabernacle, an immense, oval, round-roofed 
structure, with very large organ and wonderfully 
good acoustic properties, in which the ' denomi- 
national services of the Mormons are held ; the Old 
Tabernacle near the other, and much smaller, for use 
in winter ; the Bee Hive and Lion Houses of Brigham 
Young, standing near together, with the Eagle Gate 
between them ; the City Hall, a very creditable 
structure ; the Theatre, one of the most commodious 
m the West, and noted for the boxes devoted to 
President Brigham Young's extensive family ; the 
foundations of the Temple, near the Tabernacle ; 
some of the shops, with the " Z. C. M. I." (Zion's 
Co-operative Mercantile Institution) on their signs, 
showing the Mormon proclivities of the dealers. The 
principal business street is Mam or East Temple 
street. Visits may profitably be paid to Camp 



270/ SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Douglas^ the U. S. Military Station, three miles from 
the city, eastward, on a fine elevated plateau under 
the mountains ; to the Cemetery, north-east of the 
city, and remarkable for being without shade ; to 
the Titld7ig Store, where the denominational dues are 
paid ; to Ensign Peak, for fine views : to the Warm 
Sprmgs, the Hot Springs, the Canyons, etc., near 
the City. Hotels: the Walker (new), Salt LaJcesind 
Townsend. 
Eeturn to Ogden for pursuance of route westward. 

Division E. 

DETOUR TO LAKE TAHOE. 

For this halt is made at Truckee (see that point 
in Division B); and the lying over of one train, or 
one day, will allow of a hurried visit to it, though 
much more time should be consumed. 

From Truckee by stage fifteen miles, along the 
banks of the bright little Truckee river the whole 
distance, and over a very fair mountain road. An 
object of great interest is passed on the way, and 
should receive attention — the Talioe Fisheries, at 
which, in pools, fine trout of all sizes and ages may 
be seen, while in a building adjoining, the whole 
process of incubation is shown. 

Lake Tahoe (often called by Californians "Lake 
Bigler,'' and so officially named), is undoubtedly 
one of the most beautiful bodies of water in any land, 
as it is the highest-lying large lake in the world. It 
is thirty-two miles in length, by ten in breadth, and 



nOUTE NO. 21.— FAB WESTERN. 27eg 

lies bosomed in the snow-clad Sierras, which inclose 
it on the east, south and west, noble pine forests 
forming the border. The water of the lake is won- 
drously clear and blue, so that, when in repose, fish 
and other objects can be readily discerned at a depth 
of thirty or forty feet. It is also very cold, but has 
the peculiarity of never freezing in winter — ^possibly 
on account of the depth, which has been found to be 
1,700 feet in the middle. 

There are two small but commodious steamboats 
on the lake, besides sail and row-boats ; and a variety 
of excursions, in these, to Cornelian and Emerald 
Bays, and other points of interest, may be made ; or 
the whole lake may be ridden around by carriage, 
passing the same Bays, Lake Valley, Tahoe City, 
etc. Hotel : the TaJioe House. 

Eeturn to Truckee, for pursuing route by rail. 

Lake Donner (much smaller than Tahoe, and seen 
from the rail) may also be reached from Truckee in 
a comparatively brief ride by carriage. 

Division F. 

TO THE BIG TEEES AND TO-SEMITE VALLEY. 

For this double visit (the two great natural curi- 
osities lying in such directions that they should be 
taken in connection), several different routes offer 
themselvt?^ to the tourist. To the Yo-Semite, with- 
out the Calaveras Big Trees being always considered, 
three principal routes are in popular use, known as 



276^ SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

the "Big Oak Flat/' the " Coulterville" and the 
" Mariposa " routes. 

Big Oak Flat Route. 

The easiest route is considered to be the " Big Oak 
Flat," the upper or north route. For this, the point 
of departure is Stockton, and the Big Trees of Cala- 
veras lie very nearly on the way to the Valley. 

Leave Stockton by cars of the Copperopolis road, 
to Peters', and (with change) to Milton. At Milton 
take stages for Murphy's (Hotel, at Murphy's Camp), 
reached the same night. Proceed next day, by stage, 
fifteen miles, to the 

Big Tkee Groye of Calaveras, where the 
Sequoia gigantea may be seen in their matchless 
glory, largest of all the arboreal products of earth. 
In the Mammoth Grove proper, there are nearly 100 
trees, amid other trees that would be gigantic else- 
where; the heights of those standing ranging from 
180 to 350 feet, circumference from 30 to 93 feet; 
estimated ages, from 1,400 to 2,500 years. Most of 
the largest are named after distinguished statesmen 
and generals. On the smoothed stump of one of the 
largest, now covered with a building, in front of the 
hotel, sixty persons have danced in a set ; and through 
the hollow remains of the fallen ''Father of the 
Forest," believed to have measured 420 feet in height, 
tall men walk erect and short ones ride on horse- 
back. The largest still standing erect, the " Mother 
of the Forest," is dead and naked of its salable barls; 



ROUTE NO. 21.— FAE WESTERN. 376t 

some portions of wliicli measured 30 iuclies in thick- 
ness. (Hotel, at the Calaveras Grove, tlie Mammoth 
Grove House.) 

Six miles distant from the Mammoth Grove 
(reached on horseback), is the South 6rrot;e, of which 
some of the trees are alleged to be larger than any 
of the others, while the number reaches over 1,300. 

Return to Murphy s from tlie Big Trees, and pro- 
ceed thence, next morning, by stage, to Sonora, 
Chinese Camp, Garote, Big Oak Ftat, Hardin^s and 
Hodgdon's, to Hutcliings' (Hotel), in the Valley, two 
days being consumed in the transit from Murphy's, 
with only eighteen miles of saddle. This brings the 
now celebrated 

Yo-Semite Valley, on the Merced river, with 
scenery alleged to be more grand than any other on 
the gi-obe, in many particulars. Special points of 
interest: El Capitan, gigantic separated rock; the 
Tliree Brothers, also rocks; the Bridal- Veil Fall, 
940 feet; the Royal Arches, rocks; the Qreat-Yose- 
miie Fall, in three leaps of 1,600, 434, and 600 feet; 
the North and South Domes, rocks ; Mirror LaJce ; 
and the stupendous but frightful view of the whole 
Valley, from Inspiration Point (Depend upon 
guide, necessary and always in readiness, for route 
and particulars.) Hotels at the Valley : Hutchings\ 
Lydig's, and BlacloS. Proceed to Clark'' s, and thence 
make detour, a few miles, to the 

7 Jig Trees of Mariposa, with no less than 427 
of the monsters, varying from twenty to thirty-four 



270? SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

feet iu diameter, and from 275 to 325 feet in height 
— many of them estimated to be 1,500 to 2^500 years 
old. 

Eeturn may be made from the Valley, by the same 
route by which it was entered, with the exception of 
not returning to Murphy's, on the way back to 
Stockton, and thus shortening the ride. But, un- 
less special reasons offer for such a course, a greater 
variety of scenery will be secured, by adopting the 
reverse of one of the other following routes ; or, if 
the visitor has entered the Valley by either of the 
following, the same advantages, with the glance at 
the Big Trees, will be secured by coming out by the 
reverse of the preceding. 

Coulterville Route. 

For this route, whether proceeding eastward or 
westward, the Central Pacific road is left at La- 
THROP, cars being changed for Merced. Stage from 
Merced to Coulterville, and to Golin^s Ilancli, at 
Crane's Flat. From Gobin's, saddle-train to Black^s^ 
in the Valley, with same features to be observed as 
those noted in the previous route, though some 
changes in the order of visiting them, from different 
points of arrival. This route is considered to have 
especial beauty in scenery along the route, as much 
of it lies along the dividing ridge between the Tuo- 
lumne and Merced rivers, giving fine views of the 
Sierra Xevada, the Coast Range, San Joaquin Val- 
ley, etc. 



ROUTE NO. 21-FAR WESTERN. 276A; 

MoHposa Route, 

This route, the southernmost, is identical with the 
Coulter ville, in departure and detail, so far as Mer- 
ced^ by rail. Thence stage to Snelling^s, Rornitos, 
Bear Valley, WJiite and HatcWs, and Clark and 
Moore's. Thence into the Valley, by saddle, some 
thirty miles — the distance on horseback being great- 
er than by any of the other routes, but with the ad- 
vantages claimed of bringing both the Mariposa Big 
Trees and the stupendous view from Inspiration 
Point, into more convenient access. 

Two additional routes have lately been opened, 
known as the Molcelumne Hill and Hamilton's New, 
For the former, stage from Molcelumne Hill Station 
of the Central Pacific road, to the Calaveras Big 
Trees, and thence to the Yo-Semite Valley as by 
the Big Oak Flat route ; for the second, stage from 
the railroad station at Gait, by lone City and Val- 
ley, Jackson, Mokelumne Hill and Kailroad Flat, to 
the Big Trees ; and thence to the Yo-Semite as by 
the Big Oak Flat route. 

Division G. 

EXGURSIOISr TO THE QETSER3 

Visit may be paid to the wonderful steam-springs, 
known as The Geysers, and considered as among 
the greatest of California curiosities — most conve- 
niently by the following route : 

Steamer from San Francisco (twice a day), or 
from Sacramento, to 



2762 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Vallejo, (pronounced " Val-lay-o"), [see "vv./* 
p. 276fl^], important town on the Straits of Oarqui- 
nez, with Mare Island Navy Yard in the immediate 
neighborhood, and terminus of the California Paci- 
fic Railway. Thence rail on the Napa Valley Rail- 
way, by Napa City (stage to Sonoma), St. Helena 
(stage to White Sulphur Springs), and minor towns, 
to 

Calistoga (whence conveyance to Calistoga Springs, 
Mount St. Helena, the Petrified Forest, etc.) From 
Calistoga, Foss' stages, daily, by Ray's Ranch, God- 
win's Peak (with fine and very extensive view over 
Russian River Valley, the Coast Range and distant 
Pacific), and the picturesque ridge of Hog's Back, 
to the 

Great Oeyser Canon and Springs, exhibiting some 
of the most startling phenomena in nature, in the 
wildness of the scenery, and the heat, varied mineral 
impregnation, and terrific force of outburst, of. the 
various springs included. Among the most notable 
exhibitions are those of the "Witches' Cauldron," 
throwing up mingled pitch and ink, with clouds of 
steam ; the " Steamboat Geyser," throwing out steam 
of the most intense heat, with such force as to imi- 
tate the blowing off of the most powerful boiler; the 
"Scalding Steam Iron Bath;" the "Mountain of 
Fire," with hundreds of vomiting fissures ; the " Al- 
kali Lake," the " Boiling Black Sulphur Springs," 
and many others that can only be intelligenth^ or 
even safely visited under capable guidance — tiie 



ROUTE NO. 21—FAlt wESTERK 276m 

whole maintaining, and well deserving, the reputa- 
tion of being one of the most interesting and alto- 
gether the most diabolical, of the natural wonders of 
the continent. 

Division H. 

RETURN^IKG EASTWARD FROM CALIFORNIA. 

Overland return from California must necessarily 
be made, until the completion of the Northern Paci- 
fic road, and that of the California and Oregon road, 
running northward to meet it at Portland — by the 
same route pursued in going westward to the Paci- 
fic, over the Central and Union Pacific roads, at least 
so far as Cheyenne, Wyoming Territory ; and the 
return ride will be by no means monotonous or with- 
out use, so many of the points passed over needing 
at least a second observation to measure them prop- 
erly. 

At Cheyenne, however (see "n," p. 274), much 
additional variety may be secured by taking the 
Denver Pacific road to 

Denver, capital of Colorado, as well as its com- 
mercial centre, with much beauty in location, a 
U. S. Branch Mint, magnificent views of the great 
snow-capped Colorado mountains from the rail, the 
city and neighborhood, and numerous rail and stage 
connections with all the great mining-centres of the 
territory, Golden City, Central City, Boulder City, 
etc., and wnth New Mexico, Arizona, and the Soutli- 
West. It is also from Denver that excursions may 



276n SHOBT-TRIP GUIDE. 

best be arranged, to the famous Parks of Colorado, 
to the best points of view of Pike's, Long's, the 
Spanish Peaks, etc., among the grandest mountains 
of the central continent. 

From Denver the route eastward may be pursued, 
by the Kansas Pacific road, by Kit Carson, (Col.) 
Sheridan, Fort Hays, Brookville, Salina (on the 
Smoky Hill Fork of the Kansas), Junction City 
(connection with the Missouri, Kail^as and Texas 
railway, southward), Manhattan, and other more-or- 
less important towns of Kansas — to Topeka, capital 
of that State, and Laiurcncc, seat of the State Uni- 
versity, directly eastward, or by St. Joseph ("St 
Joe") important town of Missouri, and old starting- 
point of the overland emigration — to St. Louis, for 
pursuance of any route eastward, northward or 
southward (see Route No. 14, p. 223.) 

[Of course, for the California-bound traveller 
finding himself previously at St. Louis, and desiring 
to traverse both routes, the course of this Division, 
will be reversed so far as Cheyenne, and the route 
thence eastward to Omaha and Chicago, be taken on 
tlie return.] 



OFF-ROUTE AND MINOR PLAGES. 

[towns and other places not indexed ok mentioned 

in any of the routes, or "w'ljh optional 

route here indicated.] 

Adrian (Mich.) by rail from Detroit. 

Afton (^5". Y.) on Albany and Susquehanna road, from 
Albany or BiDghamton. 

Allentown (N. J.) from Trenton or Bordentown. 

Amenta (N. Y.) Harlem railroad from New York. 

Amiierst (Mass.) from New London by New London North- 
ern road. 

Ansonia (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Nangatiick road. 

Antietam [Battle Field] (Md.) from Harrisburg to Hagera* 
town ; or from Harper's Ferry. 

Appleton (Wis.) by rail from Milwaukie. 

Ashley Falls (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 

Aspinwall (Isthmus, for California) from New York by 
Pacific Mail Steamers, 1st and 15th of every month. 

AsJiburnham (Mass.) from Fitchburg. 

Atchison (Kansas,) by rail from Kansas city, (see this list.) 

Aurora (N. Y.) on Cayuga Lake, (see this list.) 

Awn (N. Y.) by rail from Rochester or Batavia. 

Baiiibridge (N. Y.) on Albany and Susquehanna road, from 
Albany or Binghamton. 

Both (Me.) by rail from Portland. 

Bath (N. H.) from Wells River. 

Bath (N. Y.) on Buffalo Division of Erie road, from Batavia 
or Corning. 

Baton Bouge (La.) by steamer from New Orleans. 

Beaufort (S. C.) from Charleston. 

Belfast (Me.) by rail from Waterville, (see this liat.) 



278 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Benrdngton {Yt) h J rail from Billows Falls; or from Chat 
ham Four Corners, (see this list.) 

Benicia (Cal.) by boat from San Francisco. 

Bethel (Me.) by rail from Portland or Gorham. 

BetJiel (Vt.) from White River Junction or Burlington. 

BetJilehcm (N. H.) from Littleton. 

Beverly (Mass.) by rail from Salem. 

Bolton [and Falls\ (Vt.) from Ridley's Station, (see this list.) 

Boonemlle (Mo.) by rail from Jcfierson City, (see this list) ; or 
from St. Louis, by boat. 

Boonemlle (N. Y.) from Utica. 

Bowdoin College (Me.) at Brunswick, (see this list.) 

Bradford (Vt.) by rail from Wells River or White River 
Junction. 

Brandon (Vt.) by rail from Rutland or Burlington. 

Braintree (Mass.) from Boston by South Shore road. 

Bridgewater (Mass.) from Boston by Old Colony road. 

Bristol (Gt.) by rail from Waterbur}'-, (see this list), or Provi- 
dence. 

Bristol (N. H.) from Concord by N. New Hampshire road. 

Bristol (R. I.) by rail from Providence. 

Brookfield, (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 

Brunswiclc (Me.) by rail from Portland. 

Canaan (Ot.) from Brilgeport by Housatonic road. 

Cairo (N. Y.) by stage from Catskill. 

Camel's Hump [Mountain] (Vt.) by carriage from Ridley's 
Station, (see this list.) 

Canton (Mass.) by rail from Providence or Boston. 

Carlisle (Pa ) by rail from Harrisburg. 

CaseyvUle (111.) by rail from St. Louis. 

GasUne (Me.) by boat from Belfast, (see this list.) 

Carbondale (111.) by rail from Cairo. 

Centralia (111.) by rail from Cairo or Chicago. 

Chateaugay Woods (IST. Y.) from Rouse's Point, or Irom 
Plattsbm-g. 



OFF-ROUTE AND MINOR PLACES. 279 

ChaiJmm, (N. J.) by Morris and Essex road from New York. 
Chatham (N. Y.) Harlem railroad from New York, or Boston 

and Albany road from Boston. 
CJiarlemont (Mass.) from North Adams. 
Charleston (S. C.) from New York by steamers twice a week 

or oftener. 
Cheat Rwer (W. Va.) by rail from Wbeeling ; or from Harp- 
er's Ferry. 
Cheshire (Ct.) from New Haven by Nortbampton road. 
Chester (Vt.) by rail from Bellows Falls. 
Chicoyiee (Mass.) by rail from Springfield. 
ChiUcothe (O.) by rail from Cincinnati. 
Cirdemlle (O.) by rail from Cincinnati or Zanesville. 
Clarendon [Springs] (Vt.) by stage from Rutland. 
Clarksburg (W. Va.) by rail from Harper's Ferry ; or from 

Wheeling by Grafton. 
Clifton Springs (N. Y.) on Auburn Branch of New York 

Central road, from Syracuse or Rochester. 
Coatesmlle (Pa.) from Philadelphia by Pennsylvania Central 

road. 
Collinsville (Ct.) from New Haven by Northampton road. 
Cooperstown (N. Y.) by Susquehanna road from Albany. 
Crawfordsville (Ind.) by rail from Indianapolis. 
CrooJced Lake (N. Y.) from Penn Yan, (see this list.) 
Croton Falls (N. Y.) Harlem railroad from New York. 
Dalles of St. Louis River (Minn.) by rail from St. Paul or Du- 

luth. 
Banbury (Ct.) from Norwalk. 

Banielsonville (Ct.) by rail from New London or Worcester. 
Deal (N. J.) from Long Branch. 
Deerneld [and South] (Mass ) by rail from Northampton, (see 

this list.) 
Velaimre (O.) by rail from Columbus. 
Derby (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Naugatuck road. 
Dexter (Me.) by rail from Bangor. 



280 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Dover Plains (N". Y.) Harlem railroad from New York. 

Dowmngton (Pa.) from Philadelpliia by Pennsylvania Cen- 
tral road. 

Easthampton (Mass.) from New Haven by Williamsburg 
road. 

Easfypart (Me.) by steamer from Boston and from St. John's 
KB. 

Eatontown (K J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 
York; or from Long Branch. 

Effingham (Ind.) by rail from Terre Haute or St. Louis. 

Englewood (N. J.) from New York by Northern New Jersey 
road. 

Essex Junction (Vt.) from Burlington. 

Falls Village (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Hi^usatonic road. 

Farmingdale (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road (boat and 
rail) from New York. 

Fitchhurg (Mass.) by rail from Boston. 

Fitzwilliam (N. H.) ])y rail from Fitchburg, Mass. 

Flint (Mich.) by rail from Detroit. 

Florence (Mass.) from New Haven by Williamsburg road. 

Fusliing (L. I.) from New York by 34th street ferry and 
Flushing railroad. 

Fond du Lac (Wis.) by rail from Milwaukie or Duluth. 

Fort William (Canada), by boat from Duluth. 

Foxborough (Mass.) by rail from Providence or Boston. 

Franklin (Ind.) by rail from Indianapolis. 

Franklin (N. H.) from Concord by Northern New Hamp- 
shire road. 

FreeTwld (N. J.) from New York by Camden and Amboy cr 
New Jersey roads, by Jamesburg ; or from Long Branch, 

Galveston (Texas), by steamer from New Orleans. 

Gardiner (Me.) by rail from Portland. 

Gettysburg (Pa.) by rail from Harrisbnrg, by York. 

Glassboro (N. J.) by rail from Camden. 

Gloucester (Mass.) by rail from Salem. 



OFF-nO XJTB AND MINOB PL A CBS. 281 

Qrafton (N. H.) from Concord by N. New Hampshire road. 
Great Barrington (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Honsatonic 

road. 
Qreensburg (Pa.) from the Pennsylvania Central road at 

Blairsville. 
Greenfield. (Mass.) from Kew Haven, by Northampton. 
Greenport (Long Island), from New York by Long Island 

road. 
Greenwicli (Ct.) from New York by New Haven road. 
"Hackenaack (N. J.) by Erie road from New York. 
HadUy (Mass.) from Northampton, (see this list.) 
Uagerstmon (Md.) by rail from Baltimore, or Ilarrisburg by 

Chambersburg. 
Hamilton (O.) by rail from Cincinnati. 
Hdmmondsport (N. Y.) on Crooked Lake, (see this list.) 
Hannibal (Mo.) by rail from Springfield, 111. ; or by rivei 

from St. Louis. 
Hanover (N. H.) from White Eiver Junction. 
Havanxi (Cuba) from New York by Atlantic Mail Steam- 
ers, every Thursday ; and by Vera Cruz Steamers, every 

10 days. 
Haydenmlle, (Mass.) from New Haven by Williamsburg road 
Highgate Springs (Vt. ) from Rouse's Point. 
Bingham (Mass.) from Boston by South Shore road. 
Hinsdale (Vt.) opposite Brattleboro. 
Holmdel (N. J.) by steamboat from New York to Keyport (see 

this list,) thence by stage ; or, rail from Long Branch. 
Holyoke (Mass.) by rail from Springfield. 
Honesdale (Pa.) by rail from Lackawaxen, on Erie Road. 
Hoosac Tunnel (Mass.) from North Adams. 
Housatonie (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Honsatonic road, 
Houston (Texas) by rail from Galveston (see this list.) 
Howe's and BnlVs Caves (N. Y.) from Schoharie (see this list.) 
Ipswich (Mass.) by rail from Salem. 
Isle Boyal (Mich.) by boat from Duluth. 



283 8H0ET-TBIP GUIDE, 

Ithaca (N. Y.) on Cayuga Lake (see this list.) 

Jacksonville (Florida) from Savannah. 

Jacksonville (111.) by rail from Springfield. 

Jamaica (Long Island) from New York by Long Island road. 

Jefferson City (Mo.) by rail from St. Louis. 

Joneshoro (111.) by rail from Cairo. 

Kane (Pa.) from Ridgeway or Irvineton, on Philadelphia and 
Erie road. 

Kansas Gity^ (Mo.) by rail from St. Louis, or from Omaha. 

Kea/rsarge Mountain (N. H.) from Concord by Northern 
New Hampshire road. 

Keene (N. H.) by rail from Fitchburg or Bellows Falls. 

Kenoska (Wis-) by rail from Chicago. 

Kent (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 

Key port (N. J.) by steamboat from New York, or N. J. Cen- 
tral rail from Matawan. 

KUUngton Peak (Vt.) from Rutland. 

Km'ghtstown (Ind.) by rail from Dayton (O.) or Indianapolis. 

Lafayette (Ind.) by rail from Logansport. 

Lake Dunm.ore (Vt.) by stage from Brandon (see this list.) 

Lake Luzerne (N. Y.) from Saratoga. 

Lake Pleasant (N. Y.) from Amsterdam, New York Central 
road. 

Lake Temisconata (Canada) from Riviere du Loup by Grand 
Portage road. 

Lake JJmhagog (Me.) from Gorham, N. H. 

LambertviUe (N. J.) from Trenton by Belvidere Delawar* 
road. 

Lancaster (O.) by rail from Columbus or Zanesville. 

Lawrence, (Kansas) from Kansas City (see this list). 

Diwrenceburg (Ind.) by rail from Cincinnati. 

Leavenworth (Kansas), by rail from Ko.nsa8 City (see this list.) 

Let'anon (N. H.) from White River Junction. 

l-jce (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 

Lehigh Wafcr- (7ap and Lehightan (Pa.) from Easton by Le- 
high Valley road. 



OFF-RO UTE AND MINOR PL A GE8. 283 

Lenox (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road ; or from 
Albany by Boston and Albany road to Pittsfield. 

Lexington (Mo.) by rail from Sedalia and Jeilerson City (see 
this list). 

Litchfield, (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Naugatuck road. 

Little Rock (Ark.) by rail from Memphis, Tenn. 

Logan (O.) by rail from Columbus. 

London (0.) by rail from Springfield. 

Long Branch (N. J.) route opening, and to all other places ia 
near connection, by " All Rail Route," from Rahway on 
the New Jersey road. 

Ludlow (Vt.) by rail from Bellows Falls. 

Mackinaw (Mich.) from Detroit, by boat. 

Mancliester (Gt.) by rail from Hartford. 

Manchester (N. J.) by I^Tew Jersey Southern road from New 
York. 

Manchester (Vt.) by rail from Rutland. 

Mansfield (Ct.) by rail from Hartford or Providence. 

Marblehead (Mass.) by rail from Salem. 

Marietta (O.) by rail from Wheeling. 

Martha's Vineyard (Mass.) by steamer from New Bedford. 

Martinshurg (W. Va.) by rail from Harpers Ferry. 

Martinsmlle (Ind.) by rail from Indianapolis. 

Massena Springs (Canada), from Louisville, on the St. Law- 
rence, near Prescott. 

Matawan (N. J.) by rail from New York, on New Jersey 
Central road for Long Branch (also Kejport). 

Maiich Chunk (P 3..) from Easton by Lehigh Valley road. 

Maysville (Ky.) by rail, or the Ohio river from Cincinnati. 

Meadville (Pa.) from Corry, Oil-Regions. 

Medford (Mass.) from Boston by Lowell road. 

Middleboro (Mass.) from Boston by Old Colony road. 

Middleburg (Vt.) by rail from Burlington. 

Middletoicn (N.J.) by New Jersey Central rail for Long 
Branch, from New York. 



284 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Middletown (Pa.) from Harrisburg. 

Milford (Ct.) from New York by New Haven road. 

Milford (0.) by rail from Columbus. 

Minnesota Lakes (Minn.) from St. Paul. 

Missisquoi Springs (Vt.) from St. Albans, by stage. 

Mitcliell (Ind.) by rail from Louisville. 

Mound City [and Mounds] (111.) by rail from Cairo. 

Monroe (Mich.) by rail from Detroit. 

Montpelier (Vt.] from Burlington. 

Mount Desert [and Rock and Island] (Me.) by steamer from 

Boston, Portland or Bangor. 
Mount Diablo (Cal.) from San Francisco, by San Francisco 

and Oregon Railway, and connections. 
Mount Holly (N. J.) by rail from Camden or Burlington. 
Mount Holyoke (Mass.) from Northampton, (see this list.) 
Mount Katalidin (Me.) by stage from Bangor ; or partially by 

rail from same place. 
Mount Mansfield (Vt.) by carriage from Waterbury, (see this 

list.) 
Mount Tom (Mass.) from Northampton, (see this list.) 
Mount Vernon (N. Y.) from New York by New Haven 

road. 
Mount Vernon (O.) by rail from Newark. 
Nantucket (Mass.) by steamer from New Bedford. 
Narragansett Pier (R. I.) from Kingston, on Stonington and 

Providence road. 
Nassau (New Providence) from New York, by Atlantic Mail 

steamers, irregularly. 
New Britain (Ct.) by rail from AVaterbury (see this list) or 

Providence. 
Newburg (O.) by rail from Cleveland. 
Newburg (Vt.) by rail from Wells River. 
New Egypt (N. J.) by rail from Hightstown, Mt. Holly or 

Burlington. 
Neto Milford (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 



OFF-ROUTE AJYn MINOR PLACES. 285 

NeiD Monmouth (N, J.) from New York by New Jersey Cen- 
tral road for Long Branch — stage from Middletown. 
New Orleans (La.) from New York by steamers, every SattiP 

day or ottener. 
New Philadelphia (0.) by rail from Pittsburg. 
New RocJielle (N. Y.) from New York by New Haven road. 
Newtown^ (L. I.) from New York by 34th street ferry and 

Flushing railroad. 
Norfolk (Vu.) from New York by steamer, every Saturday or 

oftener. 
Normal (111.) by rail from Chicago. 
North Adams (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road, 

or from Boston, Albany or Troy by Troy and Boston 

roaa. 
North Derby (Vt.) from Lenoxville, Canada, by Massiwippi 

road. 
Northampton^ (Mass.) by rail from New Haven. 
Northfield (Mass.) from New London by New London Northern 

road. 
Northfield (Vt.) from Burlington. 
Northumberland (Pa.) from Harrisburg by Northern Centra] 

road. 
Norwich (Vt.) by rail from White River Junction. 
Oceanport (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from Ne^ 

York ; or from Long Branca. 
Oshkosh (Wis.) by rail from Milwaukie. 
Otsego Lake (N. Y.) by Susquehanna road from Albany. 
Otter Creek Falls (Vt.) from Vergennes (see this list.) 
Oxford (Me.) by rail from Portland, 
Oxford (O.) by rail from Cincinnati. 
Owasco Lake (N. Y.) from Auburn (see this list.) 
Parkesburg (Pa.) from Philadelphia by Penn. Central road. 
Parkersburg, (W. Va.) by rail from Wheeling, or from Colmn- 

bas, O. 
Passumpsic (Vt.) by rail from Wells River. 
Plmnixxille (Pa.) from Philadelphia by Reading road. 



S86 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

PatcJvogue (Long Island) from New York by South Side road 
Pemherton (N. J.) by rail from Hightstown, or from Camden 

Burlington, or LoKg Brancli. 
Penn Tan (N. Y.) by Northern Central road, from Elmira. 
Perth Amhoy^ (N. J.) from Rahway, by rail. 
Peru (Ind.) by rail from Logansport. 
Plttsfield (Mass.) fi'om Bridgeport by Housatonic road, or from 

Albany or Boston by Boston and. Albany road. 
Piedmont (W. Va.), by Bait, and Ohio road from Harper's 

Ferry. 
Pittsford (Vt.) by rail from Rutland. 
Piqua (0.) by rail from Columbus. 
Plainville (Gt.) from New Haven by Northampton road. 
PonUac (111.) by rail from Chicsgo. 
Pontiac (MicTi.) by rail from Detroit. 
Port Raron (Mich.) by rail from Detroit 
Port Kent (N. Y.) by boat on Lake Champlain, going to or 

from Burlington, Vt. 
Pottsmlle (Pa.) from Reading. 
Poultney (Vt.) by rail from Rutland. 
Pixtney (Vt.) by rail from Bellows Falls. 
Quincy (Mass.) from Boston by Old Colony road. 
Uacquette Regions (N. Y.) in connection with Adirondacks 

froni Crown Point. 
Ravenna (O.) by rail (rooi Cleveland. 
Rmdville (Mass.) by rail from Providence or Boston. 
Red Bank (N. J.) by New Jersey Central rail for Long 

Brunch, from- New York. 
Eicemlle (N- J.) by New Jersey Sonthem road from New 

York. 
Richfield Springs (N. Y.) from Sharon Springs ; or from Utica 

or Binghamton by the Utica, Chenango and Susquehan- 
na road. 
Richmond (Ind.) by rail from Xenia or Indianapolis. 
Ridley's Station (Vt.) from Essex Junction, (see this list.) 



OFF- ROUTE AND MINOR PLACES. 287 

Richmond (y2i) horn. New York by steamer every Saturday 
or oftennr. 

Rio Janiero (Brazil) from New York by United States and 
Brazil steamers, 23rd of every month. 

Rockville (Ct.) by rail from Hartford. 

Rockville (Ind.) by rail from Terre Haute. 

Royaltoii [and South] (Vt.) from Wliite River Junction. 

Saclceifs Harbor (N. Y.) by rail from Rome, on New York 
Central road. 

Saginaw (Mich.) [and Easf] by rail from Detroit. 

Salem (Ind ) by rail from Louisville. 

Salem (N. J) by rail from Camden. 

Salem (N. Y.) by Troy and Boston road, from Troy. 

Salisbury (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 

Salisbury [East and Beach] (IMass.) by rail from Salem. 

San Francisco (Cal.) from New York hy Pacific Mail steam- 
ers, 1st and 15th of every month. 

San Rafael and San Quentin (Cal.) by boat from San Fran- 
cisco, and horse. 

Sault Ste.Marie (Mich.) [Rapids and Canal], by boat from De- 
troit. 

Savannah (Ga.) from New York by steamer several times a 
week. [Connection for Florida cities^ 

Scholiarie (N. Y.) on Albany and Susquehanna road, from 
Albany or Binghamton. 

Schiiylkill Haven (Pa.) from Reading. 

Scotch Plains (N. J.) by New Jersey Central road from New 
York. 

Seahrook (N. H.) from Boston or Portsmouth. 

Sedalia (^lo.) by rail from St. Louis. 

Seneca Lake (N. Y.) on Auburn Branch of New Tork Cen- 
tral road, from Syracuse or Roc-hester. 

Seymour (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Nangatuck road. 

Shark River (N. J.) byNew Jersey Southern road from New 
York. 



288 SHORT-TRIP GUWR 

Sharon (Vt.) from White River Junction. 

Sheboygan (Wis.) by rail from Milwaukie. 

Shelburne N. H. from Gorham. 

Shelburne Falls (Mass.) from North Adams. 

SMbyville (Ind.) by rail from Indianapolis. 

Slieffield (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic '•oad. 

S/ieffield (Pa.) from Ridgeway or Irvineton. on Philadelphia 

and Erie road. 
Slirewsbury (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from Ne^v 

York. 
Skeneateles (N. Y.) on Auburn Branch of New York Central 

road, from Syracuse or Rochester. 
Sorel (Canada), by steamer from Quebec. 
South Hadley (Mass.) by rail from Springfield. 
South Paris (Me.) by rail from Portland. 
Squan [Beach] (N. J.) by New J» rsey Southern road from 

New York to Shark River, thence stage. 
Squankum (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 

York. 
Stafford (Ct.) by rail from Hartford or Providence. 
Stanstcad (Canada), from Newport, Lake Memphremagog, oi 

from Lennoxville. 
5'^. Augustine (Florida), from Savannah, Ga. 
St. Gha/rles (Mo.) by rail from St. Louis. 
Sterling (Ct.) by rail from Hartford. 
Stillwater (Minn.) from St. Paul. 
St. John Falls (Canada), from Riviere du Loup or from 

Cacouna. 
St. Jvhnsburg (Vt.) by rail from Wells River. 
Stockbridge [and We&i] (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housa- 

tonic 1 oad. 
Stratford (Ct.) from New York by New Haven road. 
St. Thomas (W. 1 ) from New York by Brazil steamers, 23d 

of every month. 
Sunbury (Pa.) from Harrisburg by Northern Central road. 



OFF-RO UTE AND MINOR PL A GE8. 289 

Superior City (Wis.) by boat from Detroit or Chicago. 
Sutherland FwU (Vt.) by rail from Rutland. 
Terry viVe (Ct.) by rail from Waterbury (see this list) or Pro- 
vidence. 
JTietford (Vt.) by rail from White River Junction. 
Thompson (Ct.) by rail from New London or Worcester. 
Thunder Bay (L-^kc Superior) by boat from Duluth. 
Tifm (O.) by rail from Sandusky. 
Tolland (Ct.) by rail from Hartford or Providence. 
Tom'n River (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road f'-om Ne^ 

York. 
Topeka (Kansas) from Kansas city (see this list.). 
Troy (0.) by rail from Dayton. 
Urhana (O.) by rail from Columbus. 
Valley Forge (Pa.) from Philadelphia, or from Reading. 
Vandalia (Ind.) by rail from St. Louis. 
Van DeutewDille (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonio 

road. 
Vera Cruz (Mexico), from New York by Mexican mail steam- 

exj^y every 10 days. 
Vergennes (Vt.) by rail from Burlington. 
Vickshurg QAX&s,.) by river from New Orleans; or rail from 

Jackson. 
Waltham (Mass.) from Boston by Fitchburg road. 
Warren (O.) by rail from Cleveland. 
Warren (R. f.) by rail from Providence. 
Warren (Pa.) from Ridgeway or Irvincton, on Philadelphia 

and Eric road. 
Waterbury (Ct.) from BridgepoKt by Nangatuck road. 
Waieriown (Mass.) from Boston by Fitchburg road. 
Waterville (Ct.) by rail from Waterbury, (see this list,) or 

Providence. 
Waterville (Me.) by rail from Portland by Augusta. 
W&tkins Glen (N. Yv) from Elmira, Erie road. 
Waulcegan (111.) by rail from Chicago. 



290 SnOHT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Wiiakesha (Wis.) by rail from 3Iilwaukee. 

Wellmlle (O.) by Ohio river from Pittsburg. 

West Burke (Vt ) by rail from Wells River. 

Westfield (Mass.) from New Ravjii cy Williamsburg road. 

Westminster (Vt.) by rail from Bellows Falls. 

West Randolph (Vt.) from Wliite River Junction or Burliiic 

ton. 
Weymouth (Mass.) from Boston by South Shore road. 
White Plains (N. Y.) Harlem railroad Irom Xew York. 
Wilkesbarre (Pa.) from Easton by Lehigh Valley. 
Williamsburg (Mass.) from New Ilavcn by W. roa'l. 
Wdliamstoion (Mass.) from Albany, Troy or Boston, by Troj 

find Boston road. 
Williston (Vt.) from Essex Junction. 
WllhnKjhhy Lake (Vt.) from West Burke, (see this list.) 
Wilmiiifjtoii (0.) l)y rail trom Cincinnati. 
Wimtead (Ct.) from Bririgcport by Nangatuck road. 
Wohurn [East] (^lass.) frenn Boston by Lowell ro;id. 
Wolcotvillc (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Nangatuck road. 
Woodbury (N. J.) by rail from Camden. ^ 

Woodstock (Vt.) from White River Junction. 
Woodbridgc (N. j".) Irom Rahwuy, by rail. 
Woonsocket (R. I.) by rail from Providence or Worcester. 
Wyandotte (Kansas ) opp. Kanftas city (see this list). 
Wyandotte (Mich.) from Detroit. 
Wyoming (Minn.) by rail from St. Paul. 
Wyoming Valley (Pa.) from Scranton, by the Lackawann» 

and Bloomsburg road. 
Yankton (Dacotah), by the M^^souri river from Sioux city 
Yellow Springs (O.) by rail from Xenia or Cincinnati. 
York (Pa.) by rail from Harrisburg. 



THE CENTENNIAL INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION 
AT PHILADELPHIA, 

In the condensed account of the City of Philadelphia, given 
in its appropriate place in the body of this work, the visitor 
was referred to local hand-books, and to personal informa- 
tion and direction, only obtainable at the place of the Cen- 
tennial Exhibition, — for most of those details involving- the 
chief interest of the great occasion. At the same time, and 
in the same connection, it was promised that in a separate 
paper, at near the close of the work, the general facts of the 
Exhibition would be briefly grouped, and certain important 
directions given, with pictures of some of the leading build- 
ings — making the visitor, if he should so desire, entirely iiide- 
pendent of any other Guide than this, with the single excep- 
tion of the Catalogue appropriate for any (department under 
notice. That promise is now fulfilled, as concisely as possi- 
ble, and with the advantage of being prepared at so late a 
day as to embody many facts which must have escaped those 
preparing books of earlier date. 

The actual origin of the Centennial Exhibition is to be 
found in the very natural wish of the people of the United 
States, on the approach of the hundredth anniversary of 
their national existence, to make some celebration of that 
important era, — and in the fact, derived from second thought, 
that they, of all nations one of producers, could best do so by 
holding a grand carnival of labor-display, in which other 
nations, while showing tneir own works and thus giving and 
finding opportunities for comparison, would be able to meas- 
ure the material progress made by the young republic with- 
in that brief one hundred years. 

So much understood and admitted, the tangible origin of 



292 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 




THE CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION. 293 

the Exhibition was to be found in a Memorial laid before 
Congress in February, 1870, signed by Committees of the 
Legislature of Pennsylvania, of the Select and Common 
Councils of Philadelphia, and of the Franklin Institute,— 
asking the national legislature to recognize the propriety of 
holding such a Centennial Festival, as weW as the pre- 
eminent riofht of Philadelphia, as the place of signing of 
the Declaration of Independence, to be the spot ior such a 
gathering and exhibition. Though the action of Congress, 
in the whole aiFair, has been disgracefully inadequate to the 
importance of the occasion and the duty devolving on it, that 
body and the President have really aided in the event, in a 
certain degree, by the following series of actions, given in 
connection with the dates of their occurrence ; 

A — March 8d,1871. Act of Congress providing for an Ex- 
hibition at Philadelphia in 1876 ; and creating the United 
States Centennial Commission, 

B— June 1st, 1872, Act of Congress creating the Centen- 
nial Board of Finance; naming the corporators; providing 
for a Board of twenty-five Directors ; and limiting capital 
stock to $10,000,000. 

• C — July 8d, 1873, Proclamation by the President of the 
United States, announcing the Centennial International Ex- 
hibition, and commending it to the people of foreign nations 
as well as to those of the United States, 

D — July 5th, 1873. Circular, through the Secretary of 
State, to Foreign Ministers, giving official notice of the Pres- 
ident's proclamation, for information of foreign governments. 

E — January 23d, 1874, Provision of a Board to represent 
the Executive Departments of the government, the Depart- 
ment of Agriculture, and the Smithsonian Institute, under an 
executive order from the President, 

F—'June 5th, 1874, Act of Congress requesting the Presi- 
dent to extend official invitations to other governmeutg to 
take part in the ExUibitioo, 



294 



SIIORT^TIilP GUIDE 




THE CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION. 295 

G — June 16tli, 1874. Act of Congress directing medals to 
be prepared at the Philadelphia U. S. Mint. 

H — Jane 18th, 1874. Act of Congress directing articles 
imported for exhibition, to be admitted free of duty. 

The immense labor of preparation for the Exhibition, has 
been performed by the U. S. Centennial Commission and the 
Centennial Board of Finance — the first with the Presidency 
of Ex-Governor and General Joseph R. Hawley, of Connec- 
ticut, as President, and General A. T. Goshorn, of Pa., as 
Director-General ; and the second with the Presidency of John 
Welsh, of Pa, Services of incalculable value, meanwhile, 
have been rendered, throughout, by Gen'l C. B. Norton, Sec- 
retary of the Revenue Bureau of the Board of Finance, who 
has done more than any other one person in giving favorable 
publicity to the great enterprize — by Mr. John Sartain, the 
eminent engraver, at the head of the Art Commission, — and 
by the Women's Centennial Executive Committee, under the 
•Presidency of Mrs. E. D. Gillespie ; while the successful 
labors of Col. John W. Forney, of the Philadelphia Press, 
in the interests of the Centennial abroad, can by no means 
be overlooked or undervalued. Other names, deserving of 
honor, will be found in the official table appended. 

The visitor to the Centennial Exhibition will not need to 
be told that in Fairmoant Park such a site was ofiered, as 
could scarcely be paralelled in the world — all the details of 
the picturesque being supplied in the rolling lands along the 
Schuylkill, while convenience was quite as well assured in 
the neighborhood of the actual railway centre of America. 
Nor is there any occasion to trace the progress of the build- 
ings and preparation of grounds, of which it is enough to 
say that good taste and remarkable speed have been shown 
throughout, the examples of other nations being taken into 
comparison, and the melancholy parsimony of the United 
States Government reckoned in addition. Something in ad- 
vance of the time promised, the main buildings have been 
ready'; the grounds and supplemental buildings have been 



236 



SHOBT-TRIP GUIDE. 




III! ikii'TO 






THE CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION. 297 

prepared with almost corresponding celerity ; and it may be 
said that no previous great international exhibition has been 
BO nearly ready for the appointed openings, as will be this on 
the 10th May, 1876, while literally all that it lacks of entire 
completeness is chargeable to the delay of contributors. 
Meanwhile, the conveniences for access from all directions, 
are even better than have been anticipated — better than 
were shown at "Vienna or elsewhere ; and the advantages of 
the noble Park in the direction of the picturesque have been 
fully and tastefully embraced, making the outside setting 
well worthy of the inside gatherinsr. 

The principal buildings embraced in the system of this ex- 
hibition, are five in number, with the place indicated and 
covered space appended. 1. The Main Exhibition Building, 
fronting on and near the railway entrance at Elm Avenue, 
holding the general contributions of all nations, and cover- 
ing the immense space of 21^ acres. 2. The Art Gallery 
(alternately called the "Memorial Hall"), almost immedi- 
ately in the rear of the Main Building, holding, with an 
annexe, since found necessary, the art-treasures of the won- 
derfully large and valuable general contribution, and cover- 
ing, with that addition, some three acres. 3. The Horti- 
cultural Hall, reached by crossing the magnificent Lans 
down« Ravine, by a fine bridge (part of the " Lansdowne 
Drive"), from the buildings previously noticed ; admirable 
in Moorish architecture, devoted to the plants, flowers and 
trees indicated by its name, and covering some 1| acres. 4. 
The Agricultural Hall, near the Horticultural, but still be- 
yond, crossing the Belmont Valley ; holding the agricultural 
productions other than those specially horticultural, and 
covering the large extent of 10^ acres, 5. The Machinery 
Hall, standing westward from the Main Building, also with 
a frontage on Elm Avenue, devoted to undoubtedly the 
largest variety of useful and elegant machineries ever shown, 
and covering the immense space of 14 acres. 

The whole space so under roofs, in the five official 



298 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 




THE CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION. 299 

buildings, will thus be found to reach very nearly the di- 
mensions of a 50 acre farm — by far the largest ever similarly 
appropriated at any one time or place. The most important 
of the supplemental buildinors (though probably not by any 
means the most attractive) will be that of the United States 
Government, btandinor northwest of the Lake (at rear of 
Machinery Hall), and near Belmont Avenue. The number 
of supplemental buildings ("annexes"), devoted to the pur- 
poses of foreign governments, special commissions, public 
and private enterprises, restaurants, &c., is immense, reach- 
ing to the extent of several hundreds, and far exceeding, in 
that detail, any of the preceding exhibitions in anj- country. 
Of course, of the principal buildings, now quite completed, 
a very intelligent idea may be formed, without waiting for 
the opening of the Exhibition, The Main Building, less 
striking than that of Vienna, is much more so than that of 
Paris. It is much less convenient than the Paris one, for 
separate and yet comparable display, but quite equal to that 
ot Vienna, Meanwhile, it is by far the largest of any indus- 
trial building yet erected in the world — handsome, easy of 
access, and well adapted to its purpose. The Art Gallery is 
not of great size (hence the "annexe"), but an imposing 
building, intended for permanency, and calculated to show 
pictures to excellent advantage in any weather. The Horti- 
cultural Hall, also intended for permanency, is a perfect gem 
of its class, and a worthy subject of pride to all concerned. 
The Machinery Hall and the Agricultural Hall, without 
special claims to beauty, seem admirably adapted for their 
purposes, and have had no rivals as to size and fitness in 
their several directions. Of the Collection, gathered from 
home sources and from abroad, necessarily nothing can yet 
be said, but at hazard. The Art collection will be the largest 
ever gathered, and of great excellence, but probably not 
equal, as an average, to either those of Paris or Vienna. In 
Machinery, no doubt all previous gathering* will be far 
eclipsed — from home sources, especially. In works of art, 



300 



SUORT'TRIP GUIDE. 




THE CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION. 301 

other than pictures, there will probably be a great inferiority 
to either Paris or Vienna. Of goods, such as America man- 
ufactures, or Europe sends to an American market, the dis- 
play is likely to be immense. In the g-athering of rare peo- 
ples, themselves as much a curiosity as the wares they supply, 
a great deficiency in comparison is again inevitable. Taking 
ail in all, however, a collection of great interest, unrivalled 
except in one or two instances, is assured ; and there is 
reasonable hope, that both the management and attendance 
may be worthy of it, of the occasion, and the era it cele- 
brates. 

As an additional guide to the eye of the visitor, while 
neither space nor the plan of this work will admit of enter- 
ing on the special "lettering" conveying location — it may 
be noted that the buildings erected by the Centennial Com- 
mission will have the generic sign of a numbered banner 
with blue edge and a flag of Uue ; U. S. Government build- 
ings, red ; Foreign Government Buildings, white ; restau- 
rants, yellow ; all other buildings, of whatever character, 
green. Buildings connected with foreign governments, or 
occupied for uses of loreigners, will of course also display 
the flags of their nations, generally if not universally. 

No special advice as to the order of visiting the dififerent 
buildings of the Exhibition, can be given generally, toad- 
vantage. It may be suggested, however, that immediately 
or very soon after reaching the Exhibition Grounds, a ride 
should be taken by the West End Passenger Railway (nar- 
row gauge), by and around all the great buildings, in order 
to locate their relative positions in the mind ; and if to this 
should be added a ride by carriage, still farther, around 
Lansdowne Drive, the advantage in thus locating would, be 
materially increased. For letters and numbers, reference is 
made to the very comprehensive little Map accompanying 
this paper, — to such local hand-books as the visitor may feel 
himself under obligations to buy on the ground, with the 
double object of acquiring additional information and freeing 



302 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 




THE CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION. 303 

liimself from importunity, — and to that personal observation 
which is, after all, to the intelligent, the most reliable and 
trustworthy of " guides " in any emergency. A few partic- 
ulars must be added, however, as of leading importance. 

Ist. The charge for admission will be 50 cents, payable in 
one note or one piece of silver. 2d, A House of Public 
Comfort, with every convenience, and for both sexes, will be 
found opposite and very near the N. W. corner of the Main 
Building. 3d. The charge for ride on West End Railway is 
but 5 cents. 4tli. Rolling Chairs will be on hire, in princi- 
pal buildings, for the infirm or fatigued, at moderate prices. 
5th. The hours of admission will be from 9 A. M. to 6 P. M., 
at which latter hour the buildings will be cleared. 7th. 
The admission of 50 cents pays for all sights within the gen 
eral enclosure, at one visit. 8ih. Restaurants are universal, 
in the buildings, in the grounds, and close without, as al- 
ways. 9th. Telegraph, Mail and Banking facilities can be 
found well and conveniently supplied. 10th. The opening 
will positively take place on the 10th May, and the closing 
on the 10th November. 11th. Take it easy, and don't hurry 
— more especially in attempting to examine the immense 
number of works of art and the tremendous body of ma- 
chinery. 

We append a list of the officers of the three leading Amer 
ican Commissions, already named ; of the foreign countries- 
exhibiting, with our own, and the number of square feet in 
the Main Building occupied Iby each ; and of the principal 
events to follow in connection with the Exhibition, during 
the season. 



804 



SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 




THE CENTENmAL EXHIBITION. 305 



THE AMERICAN CENTENNIAL COMMISSIONS. 

FMTED STATES CENTENNIAL COMMISSlOJir, 

JOSEPH R. HAWLEY, President. 

Vice-Presidents. 

Orrstk« Clevrland, Thomas H. Coldwell, 

eToHxV D. Cheigh, John McNeil, 

ROBBKT LuWltV, WlLLFASI GURNEY. 

Alfued T. GogHOKS. Director-General. 

John L, Campbfxl, Secretary. 

Myer Asch, Doksey Gakuneu, Assistant Secretaries. 

Executive Committee. 

Daniel J. Mokkkll, Chairman. 

A. T, GosHORK, R. C. McCoitMicK. G, B. LoRiNG, S, F. Phillips, 

N. M. Brckwith, John Lynch, F. L, Matthews, J. E. Dkxtek, 

A, K. BoTELER, C. P. KmiiALL, W. P. Blake, J. T. Bernard 

J. R. Hawley, President, ex officio. 

Chiefs of Bureaus of Administration. 
Foreijrn — The Director- Gfneral. Machinery — JNO, S. Albert, 

IiistaJlatioii— Henry Pettit, Asricultiire— B, Landreth. 

Transportation— D. Torhey. Horticulture— ( J. H. Miller. 

Fine Arts— John Sartain. Medical— "Wm. Pepper, M.D. 

Awards— Charles J, Stille, LL.D. 

CENTENNIAL BOATED OF FINANCE. 
JOHN WELSH, President. 
Vice Presidents. 
William Sellers, John S. Barbouk, 

Directors, 
Samuel M.Frlton, John Wanamaker, A.S.Hewitt, 

Daniel M. Fox, J. P. Wetherill, John Cummin'gs, 

Thomas Cochran, Hexry Winsor, John Gouham, 

Clement M. Bidkle, W, L. Strang, Chab. W. Cooper, 

N. Parker Shortriuge, Amos R. Little, William Biglkr, 
James M. Robb, John Baird. Robert M. Patton, 

Edwaku T. fcTKEL, Thomas H. Dudley, J. B. Drakk. 

George Bain, 
Frederick Fraley. William Biglek. 

Secretary and Treasurer. Financial Agent. 

Engineers and Architects, 
Henry Pettit, Job. M. Wilson, H. J. Schwarzmann. 

OFFICERS OF THE WOMEN'S CENTENNIAL EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. 

Mrs. E. D. GILLESPIE, President. 

Mrs. John Sanders, Vice-President. Mrs. R. P. White, Secretary. 

Mrs. F. M. Etting, Treasurer. 



306 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 



COUNTRIES EXHIBITING, WITH SPACE OOOUPIED. 

(All iu Main Building.) 
Argentine Republic, S. America, - - - 2,873 feet. 

Australia, South Seas, .... 24,070 " 

Austria, Europe, 24,070 *' 

Belgium, do. 15,358 " 

Bolivia, S. America, space uncertain. 

Brazil, do. 6,397 feet. 

Canada, N. America, - - - - - 24,070 " 

Cliili, S. America, - , - - - - 2,873 " 

China, Asia 7,504 " 

Denmark, Europe, 1,462 ** 

Ecuador, S. America, sp. unc. 

Egypt, Africa, 5,146 feet. 

France and French Colonies, Europe, &c., - 43,314 " 

German Empire, Europe, . . . . 27,975 " 

Great Britain, Europe, and British India, Asia, 99,917 " 

Guatemala, C. America, .... sp. unc. 

Honduras, do. ,....« 

Holland (Netherlands), Europe, - - . 15,509 feet. 

Italy, Europe, - . - . - - 8,167 •' 

Japan, Asia. 16,566 " 

Liberia, Africa, sp. unc. 

Mexico, N. America, 6,504 feet. 

Norway, Europe, ...... 6,897 ** 

Orange Free State, S. Africa, ■• - . 1,057 '< 

Peru, S. America, sp. unc. 

Portugal, Europe (and Colonies), ... 

Russia, Europe and Asia, 11,002 feet. 

San Salvador, C. America, - - - sp. unc. 
Sandwich Islands, Pac. Ocean, - - . . " 

Siam, Asia, ....... 9,015 feet. 

Spain, Europe (and Colonies), .... 11,253 " 

Sweden, Europe, 15,358 " 

Switzerland, Europe, 6,646 " 

Tunis, Africa, .,.,., 3 015 " 



THE CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION. 307 

Turkey, Europe and Asia, . . . . 4,895 feet. 

United States, N. America, ... - 187,705 " 
Venezuela, S. America, - - - -, - sp. une. 



IMPORTANT EVENTS TO OOOUR. 

Openinf? of the Exhibition, . . . . May lOtli. 
Grand Parade of Knight Templars, - - - June Ist. 
Trials of Harvesting Machines, - - June and July. 
Good Templars' Gathering, . . - - June 13th. 

Sons of Temperance Gathering, - - - June 

Yacht Regatta, Delaware River, - - - - June 

International Regatta, New York Harbor, - June 22d. 

International Croquet Matches, - - - June and Sept. 
Congress of Authors, Independence Hall, - - July 2d. 
Grand Independence Ceremonies, on Exhibition Grounds, &c. 

July 4th. 
Military and Society Parades, . . . . July 4th. 
United American Mechanics' Parade, - - July 8th. 

Knights of Pythias' Parade, . . . . Aug. 22d. 
International Rowing Match, - Aug. 20t.h to Sept. 15th. 

do. Rifle Matches, .... September, 

do. Medical Congress, - - - Sept. 4th. 

Odd Fellows' Parade, ..... Sept. 20th. 

Trials of Steam-Plows, &c., - - - - Sept. and Oct. 
Exhibition of Horses, &c., - - - Sept. 1st to 15th. 

do. of Horned Cattle, - Sept. 20th to Oct. 5th. 

do. of Sheep, Swine, Dogs, &c., Oct. 10th to 25th. 

do. of Poultry, - - - Oct. 28th to Nov. 10th. 
Closing of the Exhibition, . . - . Nov. 10th. 

All Exhibits removed by or before - - - Dec. 31st. 



SHORT-TBIP GUIDE, 




STEAMSHIP LINES AND BANKING-HOUSES. 

la pursuance of. the plan inaugurated in the earlier 
editions of the Short-Trip Guide, the following list is 
given, accompanied by brief remarks, of the steamship lines 
by which the American traveler, or his European brother 
returning tlie visit, may best trust himself to be carried 
safely and expeditiously over the Atlantic, and the banking- 
houses to some one of which he can trust himself in buying 
excbange or make other financial arrangements for the trip. 

To most of the special features ofall the steamship lines here 
represented, attention has before been freely called ; and the 
present intention is merely to allude to continued standing 
before the public, and whatever changes may have been 
made in ships or sailing arrangements. Beyond this, a brief 
word will sufiice : iVo line is represented, or will hereafter 
have place here, in which the writer does not place enough 
implicU confidence to he willing to trust himself and his in its 
charge; and of the lines not represented here, as they seem 
to be doubtful of their own accomodations or ashamed to 
put them before the public, the intending traveler may draw 
his own conclusions as to their wish aiid ability to command 
his patronage. 

Of the banking-houses, it should be observed that some 
material changes have taken place, during the past twelve 
months, in the number of reliable houses making a specialty 
of supplying exchange to travellers, (an occasional disgrace- 
ful failure of a house long trusted being sometimes sufficient 
to cause suspicion of the best and most reliable) — and that 
in no detail does the traveller need to be more careful, than 
in looking out bankers whom he can trust, in all senses of 
the word. 



810 SHOUT-TRIP GUIDE. 

STEAMSHIPS BETWEEN EUROPE AND AMERICA. 

LINES BY QUEENSTOWN, LIVERPOOL AND LONDON. 

Cufiard Line. {British and North American Royal Mail 

Steam Packet Comj)any.) 
No important change has lately taken place in the opera- 
tions of this leading line, of which the steamships now num- 
ber more than a quarter of a hundred, commandinof public 
confidence even more than very extensive public patronage, 
and keeping up its old boast of illustrating extreme care by 
almost total absence of accidents. Its latest additions of im- 
portance, to the fleet, were the two very large new vessels, 
the "Bothnia" and Scythia,"--quite. the equals of the old 
favorites in speed, while especially satisfactory in conven- 
ience as well as in sea-worthy qualities. With these, in the 
business of the present year, will of course be continued the 
old favorites, the "Russia," "Java," "Scotia," '*Cuba," 
"Algeria," "Abyssinia," "Parthia," " Calabria, " Batavia," 
and many others, supplying the most unexceptionable accomo- 
dations, and graduating rates of passage to all requirements. 
The announced course of the steamers of this line, for the 
avoidance of ice and collisions, is worthy of special attention. 
Sailings from New York, on Wednesdays, from Boston, Tues- 
days ; and from Liverpool, Saturdays, for New York, and 
Tuesdays, for Boston. 

Inman Line. {Liverpool, Neio York and Philadelphia 
Steamship Company.) 

The three leading vessels ot this line, intended to run 
during the passenger-season of 1876, are the Commodore's 
ship, the " City of Berlin," one of the largest in the world, 
and one of the speediest, if not the very speediest afloat, 
Avhile with comfort equalling and warranted by the size, — 
the " City of Richmond," and " City of Chester," only less in 
tonnage and without othf^r rivals as to speed and comfort, 
while also exceptionally commanded. With these are still 
associated, of course, when additional vessels are required. 



STEAMSHIPS AND BANKING-HOUSES. 311 

the old and new favorites, the "Montreal," "Brussels," 
"Paris," "Brooklyn," "New York," "London," "Ant- 
werp," &c., making up a fleet of large numbers and great 
capacity. The announcement of this line will sbow^ the 
care habitually taken to avoid northern latitudes, iceberofs 
andcollisioQS. Sailings from New York, on Saturdays ; from 
Liverpool on Thursdays ; and from Queenstown on Fridays. 
(For special announcement see official card in its appropriate 
place.) 

WUliams & Quion Line. {Liverpool and Great Western 
Steamship Company.) 

It has for some time been an admitted fact, that the Wil- 
liams «& Guiou boats, especially of the later build, have es- 
tablished a high reputation for comfort, convenience, and 
sea-worthiness, and that they, consequently, deserve the pa- 
tronage they receive. The ships of this line now number 
the exceptionally large and powerful "Montana " and " Da- 
cotali," with the " Wyoming," " Wisconsin," " Nevada," 
and " Idaho," every one of which has won commendation 
for sea going qualities and comfort of the first order, while 
some of them among the very race-horses of the ocean for 
speed. The latest additions have added materially, as de- 
served, to the capacity and popularity of a commendable 
service, continually growing belter, year by year. Sailings 
from New York on Tuesdays, and from Liverpool on Wed- 
nesdays. (For special announcements see official card.) 

National Line. {National Steam Navigation Company.) 
Continual improvement has been as markedly the charac- 
teristic of the National Line, as of any other ever conveying 
passengers between the Old World and the New. With 
their boats always large and burthensome, self-insured, and 
sailed on lines especially calculated to avoid ice and col- 
lisions ; now they not only make the well-founded boast of 
employing the largest vessels in the trade, but the rate of 
speed has wonderfully increased, and the fleet can now boast 
the presence of some of the speediest as well as noblest ves- 



812 SHORT TRIP GUIDE. 

sels afloat. This is especially tlie case witli the " Spain " and 
tlie " Egypt," closely followed by the " Italy," the "Greece,'' 
"Canada," "England," "France," "The Queen," &c. ; and 
higher commendation is seldom bestowed upon passages by 
any line, than by old voyagers, on some of the National 
ships during the last two years. Sailings from New York 
on Saturdays ; from Liverpool on Wednesdays ; and from 
Queenstown on Thursdays. From New York for London 
direct, pvery two weeks. 

LINES BY LONDONDERRY, GLASGOW AND LONDON. 

Anchor Line {Henderson Bros., New York : Handyside <& 
Henderson, Olasgow) 
Among the largest fleet in the world is now that of the 
Anchor Line, with connections on every sea ; and every 
year adds to the size as well as the number of its vessels — 
two of the Glasgow shipyards being now exclusively em- 
ployed in building for it I With such resources it is not 
strange that year by year witnesses constantly increasing 
reputation and patronage, or that new enterprises, like the 
new fortnightly one between London and New York, spring 
into quick establishment and popularity. Among the favor 
ite ships of the season, now carrying the United States Mails 
direct to Glasgow, will be the " Anchoria," "Victoria," 
" Bolivia," *' Ethiopia," " California." and *' Alsatia ;" and the 
London line will employ the " Elysia," " Utopia," " Anglia," 
and " Australia." In addition to the two services named, 
this line offers special temptations of cheap round trips to 
Glasgow and thence to the Mediterranean ports and home 
— a summer run of great interest and pleasure. Sailings 
from New York on Saturdays, and from Glasgow (with call 
at Londonderry) also on Saturdays, For London, alternate 
Saturdays. 

LINE BY HAVRE AND PLYMOUTH. 

French Line. {Gom^iagnie GhUrnle Transatlantique.) 
We have at last that pleasure for which we had so long 
waited — that of announcing that the i)opular (Jompaguie Gen- 



STEAMSHIPS AND BANKING-HOUSES. 313 

erale Transatlantique, in charge of the New York agency of 
Mr. Louis De Bebiau, run their steamers weekly instead of 
fortnightly. This has been long desired, both by the company 
and its host of patrons. The fine steamers of this line — the 
"Pereire," "St. Laurent," "France," " Ville de Paris," 
•' Amerique," "Canada," "Labrador," "St. Germain," 
and others, now touch at Plymouth, for accommodation 
of passengers to and from England. The French steam- 
ers have long held the boast of carrying more first class 
passengers per vessel, than those of any other line in 
the Atlantic trade ; and that their popularity will be added 
to rather than detracted from, by present and indicated ar- 
rangements, is beyond doubt. Sailings from New York on 
Saturdays, and from Havre and Plymouth as corresponding. 

LINE BY SOUTHAMPTON AND BREMEN. 

Bremen Line. {North German Lloyd.) 
We continue, this year, as last and the year previous, the 
list of vessels engaged in the North German Lloyd service, 
by which it will be seen that the fleet is one of the most ex- 
tensive in the Avorld, and the connection almost literally 
world-wide. The "Rhein," "Main," " Donau," " Weser," 
" Oder," " Neckar," " Mosel," and many other vessels of 
this line, have proved themselves first favorites as to f^peed 
and sea-going qualities, with exceptionally good accommo 
dations and service, while especially supplying a virtual 
connection direct to London (by Southampton) ; and all the 
old facilities will be retained during the current year. Sail- 
ings from New York to Bremen, via Southampton, on Satur- 
days, with others from Baltimore and New Orleans, f rom 
Bremen for New York ou Saturdays, with call at Southamp- 
ton on Tuesdays. 

STEAMSHIPS TO CALIFORNIA, CHINA. AND INDIA. 

LINES TO CALIFORNIA AND CHINA. 

Pacific Mail Steamship Company's Service. 
The Pacific Mail Steamship Company, with new ships 



314 SHORT-TRIP OUIDE. 

and an energy defying all opposition, call renewed attention 
to the joint line by wliicli is supplied so important a link of 
that travel now girdling the world, and by the aid of which 
so many thousands are to be enabled cheaply and expedi- 
tiously to " circumnavigate the planet." Large as has long 
been the fleet employed, this force has been within the past 
two years supplemented by new iron screw-steamers of great 
size, taking the place of the older paddle-wheelers — the 
"City of Peking," "City of Tokio," and nearly half a score 
of other "Cities," besides many others of the noblest ships 
in the world, being proud examples. The present rates, to 
California alone, as well as to Japan and China, will be 
found temptingly low ; while either the half or the whole 
voyage is known to be a pleasant one. Sailings noted in full 
in the official cards of the Company. 

Panama Transit SteamsJdp Company's Service. 
This new line between New York, the Isthmus, California, 
and the Pacific ports, though only lately sprung into being, 
is understood to have been for some time in contemplation, 
and to have behind it not only the influence and advantage 
of the Panama Railroad Company, masters of the Isthmus 
transit, but powerful other support, making it a thing of 
permanency — apart Irom the agency being in the hands of 
W. P. Clyde & Co., whose other steamship connections are 
equally widespread and popular. Sailings for Panama as 
announced officially by the Company, with supplemental 
steamers now leaving for the Pacific service. 

BANKING-HOUSES. 
Excliange may be bought. Letters of Credit taken, and all 
other financial business connected with European tours and 
mercantile operations, safely and profitably transacted, as 
well as many of the details of correspondence and require- 
ment abroad — with the following first-class houses, particu- 
lars of whose special lines will be found in their announce- 
ments ; and whose standing, it is well to say. is the more 



STEAMSHIPS A ND BANKINQ-HO USES. 315 

enviable and commands the more attention from the travel- 
ing public, since .«ome of those memorable failures of trusted 
financial agents, plungincr those dependent on them into se- 
rious inconvenience, if nothinjo: worse : 

Brown Brothers & Go., 59 Wall Street, New York, whose 
very name sujrgests Liverpool, Parliament, British so idity 
married to American thrilt, the Bank of England, and every- 
thing else connected with moneyed intercourse between the 
nations, and who notably share in the supplying of foreign 
credit as well as keeping up the true commercial status be- 
tween the continents ; 

Brexel, Morgan & Go., corner Broad and Wall Streets, 
New York, whose new bank building at that place excites 
general admiration, while it gives assuranca ot a stability 
equal to that of the substantial and well-known firm, in 
connection with Drexel, Harjes & Co , 8 Rue Scribe, Paris, 
who supply immense facilities for American visitors to that 
continental metropolis, — and with the equally well-known 
and reliable house of J. S. Morgan & Co., London. 

John Munroe <jb Go., 8 Wall Street, New York, and No. 4 
Post Office Square, Boston, who not only effect exchange for 
thousands upon thousands of Europe bound travellers, but 
lay them under obligations by care of their letters, free use 
of reading-rooms, &c., at their banking-house, No. 7 Rue 
Scribe, Paris, which has long been and will continue to be 
one of the *' homes " of Americans in that pleasant city, now 
reholcjing its position as the great European resort of 
Americans ; 

Morton, Bliss & Go., Broad Street, New York, in connec- 
tion with Morton, Rose & Co,, Bartholomew Lane, London, 
who largely enjoy, with other leading houses named, the 
confidence of the government in the arrangement of its 
financial concerns abroad, and who have long since attained 
a leading place in the corresponding confidence and patron- 
age of the traveling community. 



AMERICAN HOTELS FOR TRAVELERS, 

AND SUMMER KESORTS, 

[In the list of American Hotels followintr, no attempt is 
made at supplyinof a complete chain in any direction, though 
sucli an arranjrement will be oradually made in following 
years. Of the Hotels mentioned, however, it is necessary to 
pay that none have place except such as have been person- 
ally tested, and found well located and capable of supplying 
excellent accommodation ; and upon the special leatures 
ascribed to each, the utmost dependence can be placed by all 
interested. For locations, names of proprietors, &c., official 
cards must be referred to. It will be observed that the al- 
phabetical arraufrement of plaoes has been adopted, as most 
convenient for the traveler.] 

Albany, N. Y.-^^Stanwix Hall 

One of the oldest houses in the State Capital of New York, 
the Stanwix is certainly aiuonof the best, in all conveniences 
of location, as well as in excellence of management. It is 
easily and quickly reached, from either railway or steam- 
boat, is convenient to the Capitol, conimandt^ the most 
interesting section of Broadway, has extensive popularity, 
and deserves it. 

Baltimore, Md.-^Mt. Vernon House, 

Located in the most elevated and fashionable part of the 
city and contiguous to the Union Dep6t, the Mount Vernon 
Hotel is now open for the reception of guests, its appoint- 
ments of the most modern and approved character, and its 
tables furnished with every domestic and foreign luxury. 
This Hotel is par excellence the family Hotel of Baltimorej 
and its records show among its patrons all the cJdef members 
of the nobility who have visited this country, as well as of 
the best society of this and the European Conliueut, 



AMERICAN HOTELS. 317 

Balt. & Ohio R E. Hotels.— Z^eer Park, &c. 

One of tlie specialties of the Baltimore and Ohio Eailroad, 
elsewhere noticed as one of the leadinpr trunk lines of the 
United States, is to be found in the excellent line of Hotels 
at different points of its route, erected, owned and manajred 
by the Company, and having the reputation of supplying 
the very best of transient or resident accommodations. 
Among those houses may be named the *' Deer Park Hotel," 
on the summit plateau of Big Savage Mountain (of the 
Alleghenies, in Maryland), with great elevation, high repu- 
tation as a health resort, capital facilities for reaching, and 
all the advantages ; the *' Quten City Hotel," at Cumber- 
land, Md. ; and the "Viaduct Hotel," at Relay Station, near 
Baltimore. All are of the best, in location and manage- 
ment, and they add in no small degree to the travel reputa- 
tion of the line. ^ 

Berkeley Springs, Va. — The Pavilion, 

As elsewhere noted, in the " Special Virginian Tour," the 
Berkeley Springs are among the best known, as well as the 
oldest in Virginia, having enjoyed the patronage and resi- 
dence of Washington, Jefferson, and many others of the 
old-time magnates Of this very charming place the Pavil- 
ion is the centre and chief resort, offering airy rooms, the 
finest baths in the world, and profuse Virginia hospitality in 
a mountain-valley air equal to that of Florence. 

Big Trees of Calaveras, Col. — Mammoth Grove 
Hotel 
This house forms, with Sperry's Hotel, Murphy's, an im- 
portant link in the chain of California travel ; the Mammoth 
Grove house, standing in the midst of those world's wonders, 
the Big Trees of Calaveras, and supplying one of the most 
delightful of summer resorts ; and Sperry's, at Murphy's, 
being an important point on the way to the Big Trees from 
Stockton, or the Yosemite Valley, by the Big Oak Flat route, 



318 8H0BT-TRIP GUIDE. 

as well as located in a liiglily-interesting mining section, 
showing many of tlie type-Californian features. 

Boston. — The American House. 

The American has, for many years, held the reputation of 
being not only the largest, but " the best hotel in the Eastern 
States," and one of the best in America ; and nothing of that 
reputation has been forfeited — rather added to, in later years. 
It has the most convenient of central locations (within a few 
yards of Faneuil Hall, the Old State House, &c.); has sup- 
plied all modern improvements and luxuries, and is, in every 
detail, worthy the high reputation which it enjoys, and the 
full patronage it constantly receives. 

Charleston, S. G. — The Charleston Hotel. 

This hotel has the world wide reputation of being one of 
the most magnificent structures of its kind, on either conti- 
nent, having the build, and most of the appurtenances, of a 
literal palace ; and if the enthusiastic reports of a thousand 
guests are to be credited, the management is as princely in 
its liberality as moderate in its demands on the purses of 
those visiting the Palmetto City, so famous alike in peace 
and war. 

Chicago.— 6^ra72fZ Pacific Hotel. 

Tills house, with central location, and now under most 
efficient and capable management, is justly considered to be 
one of the most striking marks of the wonderful enterprise 
and recuperative energy which have, within a short period, 
built the " New Chicago " on the site of the great fire, and 
one of the evidences of the perfection to which hotel-keeping 
has reached in America. The largest hotel building in the 
world and one of the most costly (#3,000,000), with every 
modern improvement, convenience and appliance, it is a 
curiosity to the traveller, as well as a place of luxurious 
flying visit or longer sojourn, without extraordinary expendi- 
ture. 



AMEBICAN HOTELS. 319 

Chicago. — The Gardner House. 

The whole world can scarcely supply a more admirable loca- 
tion than that of the Gardner, standing on Michigan Avenue, 
on the Lake Shore, in the immediate vicinity of the Exhibi- 
tion Building, with every facility for reaching the very 
heart of the city within a few moments, and at the same 
time the whole wondrous panorama of railway travel and 
lake navigation passing under the eye of the visitor, while 
steamers and yachts await call at the wharf immediately in 
front. Both in situation and internal management, the 
Gardner is unexceptionally excellent and attractive. 

Chicago. — The Tremoni Houst. 

The new Tremont House, at the corner of Lake and Dear- 
born Streets, called the *' Palace Hotel of America, " is among 
the most lofty, spacious and elegantly furnished hotels in 
the world, representing an investment in land, building, 
finish and furnishing, of over $2,000,000, and offering pre- 
eminent attractions to those who wish to blend the luxu- 
rious in lodging and attendance with the interesting and 
picturesque in travel. 

Chicago. — The Brevoort House. 

Other houses at Chicago, attracted by the enviable fame 
of the New York house of that name, have arrogated to 
themselves the title of the " Brevoort of Chicago." But 
travelers have now to learn that the name has a place, and a 
place only, in the Brevoort House of that city, admirably 
located, splendidly built, and managed in remembrance of 
the proud appellation. 

Cincinnati, Ohio. — Burnet House. 

For many years past, the Burnet has been the house of 
Cincinnati, and among the first in the Middle West ; and 
now that it has been thoroughly renovated and refurnished, 
and is under the control of a firm, the members of which 
have made themselves enviable reputation in management 



320 SHORT- TBIP GUIDE. 

elsewhere, in some of tbe very best hotels of the Continent, 
the Burnet is fully maintaining its old status as the best- 
located and most desirable house in Cincinnati, and even 
adding materially to reputation and popularity. 

Detroit, Mich. — The Russell House. 

Beyond question, one of the most admirable houses of the 
North-West, is the Russell, standing in one of the hand- 
somest locations, as vi^ell as in one of the most convenient for 
reaching from any quarter, that could have been afforded by 
the pretty little *' City of the Straits." We do not credit the 
assertion, that prominent subjects of Queen Victoria, crossing 
from Canada and finding themselves among the luxurious 
comforts of the Russell, have thereupon abandoned their al- 
legiance, in sheer admiration of a country owning such 
hotels ; but some of them might well have done so, under 
the influence of its good fare and genial management. 

Lake George. — Fort William Henry Hotel. 

A very large and admirably kept summer hotel, standing 
on the southern shore of the lake, commanding the finest of 
views over it, and in the immediate vicinity of old Fort 
George and the other points of historical interest of that 
romantic section. One of the most popular of fashionable 
resorts for residence, and as on the line of travel northward 
from Saratoga, to Champlain and Canada — the boata up 
Lake George, making the connection to the larger lake and 
the north, taking their departure almost from the very doors. 
[Kept in connection with the Arlington, Washington, D. C, 
recognized as the favorite house at the Capital.] 

Lake Tahoe, Col. — The Tahoe House. 

A very pleasant house, with a singularly lovely location, 
on the north shore of Lake Tahoe, the site commanding one 
of the most beautiful lake views in the world, and the attrac- 
tions as a place of summer sojourn, scarcely equalled by any 
other spot on tbe Pacific Slope. 



AMERICAN HOTELS. 821 

Lexington, Va. — National Home. 

As the seat of the Tirginia Military Academy, as well aa 
the spot of burial of Lee and Stonewall Jackson, Lexington 
presents many attractions to the tourist, apart from its near- 
ness to Goshen Pass and the Natural Bridge ; and when we 
have said that the National is the hotel of Lexington, com- 
modious and well managed, the favorable story is sufficiently 
told to explain and assure its patronage. 

Long Bbanch, K J. — West End Hotel 

The West End, built within a few years to meet the de- 
mand for a better and more picturesque class of hotel build- 
ing on the great bluff of Long Branch, has fairly asserted its 
preeminence as the most fashionable of the houses of that 
unriviiled summer gathering-place, and under its present 
and capable liberal management may take rank with the 
best hotels of the cities, while unexcelled in location, nearest 
to the President's House and the more eclectic residences of 
the "Branch." Important alterations and additions, made 
pending the present season, make the West End even more 
capable of accommodating its immense fashionable clientelle, 
than in any previous season. 

Long Branch, N. J.— Howland^s Hotel. 

The oldest of the original Long Branch hotels now remain- 
ing, Rowland's (very near to the West End in location.) while 
entirely remodelled, enlarged, and handsomely modernized, 
has lost nothing of its old reputation as among the most 
charming of family resorts on the coast. Its management is 
always excellent in every detail ; and its large clientelle of 
resident summer guests will not find any of its old charms 
lacking, under the control of the re-installed old proprietors, 
who find their field of labor again reduced to the Howland 
alone, through the late and most unfortunate burning of the 
Metropolitan. 



322 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Long Branch, A^. J. — Morns' Pavilion. 

Another of the old-time and always popular resorts of the 
"Branch " is the Pavilion, traditional for the solid comfort 
and quiet enjoyment afforded to visitors without any pre- 
tense at the fatigue of ultra fashion. The Pavilion has the 
additional feature of opening earlier than the other houses 
and may literally be said to be ready for visitors at all times 
and seasons, with every material comfort and attention. 

Mammoth Grove, Cal. — {See Big Threes.) 
Montreal, Can. — The Ottawa Hotel. 

This lartre hotel stands on St. James Street, near the 
Square of the same name, and has the advantage of fronting 
on that street and opening on the parallel great thorough- 
fare, Nortre Dame Street, on which stands the Cathedral. 
It claims a place second to no other in Montreal, enjoys very 
distinguished and fashionable patronage, and under its pre- 
sent management is receiving constant additions, materially 
adding to its excellence and consequent popularity. 

Natural Bridge, Va. — Natural Bridge Hotel 

The opinion has been elsewhere freely expressed that the 
Natural Bridge is one of the grandest pieces of rock-work on 
either Continent ; and the desire to visit this great wonder of 
nature is enough to make popular the Natural Bridge Hotel, 
which lies beside it and affords the only gate of entrance for 
the view. But the hotel, a thoroughly well kept one and 
commodious, has of itself many charms as a summer resort, 
and should be even more widely appreciated. 

New York City. — The Wiyidsor Hotel. 

This magnificent house, among the largest and most per- 
fectly built in the world, and located on Fifth avenue, filling 
the entire block between and opening upon both Forty- 
sixth and Forty-seventh Streets, is worthy the proud name 
which it bears, as suggestive of much that is royal and noble 
in English history, and may be adduced as one of the crown- 



AMERICAN HOTELS. 333 

ing proofs of tlie perfection to whicli hotel-keeping in the 
larger cities of America has attained. In the management 
are associated (as the oflficial card bears witness), those who 
have been eminently successful and popular in the gentle 
art of ministering to the comfort of the travel-world ; and 
years have not been needed to place it high in confidence 
and distinguished patronage. 

New York City. — The Brevoori House. 

This house, of the first fashion, and the peculiarity of the 
most distinguished English patronage, stands on the Fifth 
avenue, in the immediate neighborhood of the handsome 
public ground, Washington square, and may be said to have 
an exceptionally fine location, combining convenience to 
places of evening resort with quietness and all those name- 
less pleasant features distinguishing the true temporary 
'* home " of the travelled from the mere crowded caravanserai. 
Every year seems to add to the charm of this unexcep- 
tionable house, and the number of its visitors of distinction. 

NewYork City. — Tlie Westminster Hotel. 

Few houses of travel -resort, in any country, can boast so 
many names on its visitors' book, of the distinguished in 
rank or genius, as the Westminister, which owes something 
of its eminence in that regard to its blending of the conven- 
ient and the retired, but much more to its reputation as one 
of the most cosey and comfortable of large hotels. As is 
well known, Charles Dickens made it his home in this 
country, (his writing desk still retained in the office) ; so did 
Wllkie Collins ; and so have done sc6res of the dis- 
tinguished, from the Chinese Embassy to mere members of 
Parliament from abroad and members of Congress only a 
little distance from their districts. 

New York City.— ^ar/es' Hotel 

One of the most popular hotels in New York, for those 
who wish to avail themselves of an exceptionally conven- 



324 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

ient location, in the very midst of the city— Canal street, 
corner of Centre, and within two blocks of Broadway, which 
the house literally commands. It is notable for every com- 
fort and convenience, and for that crowning desideratum 
with the travelling world — "good living at moderate 
charges." 

Niagara Falls. — International Hotel 

This large and first-class hotel offers peculiar temptations 
to tourists, in its possession of all those modern luxurious 
improvements adding so materially to the pleasure of travel, 
as well as in its charming location, immediately over the 
American Fall, at Prospect Point, with the bridge to Goat 
Island almost at its doors, opening all the scenic wonders of 
both Falls from that Island and the Sister Islands now 
bridged from it, and giving the grandest views of the great 
Upper Rapids. The return to the management of this house 
of Mr. J. T. Fulton, Jr., who for a single year "wandered 
away after strange gods," is a subject of genuine congratu- 
lation, as the restoration of the " right man " to the " right 
place." 

Niagara Falls. — Clifton House. 

The Clifton, an old and excellent house, familiar for many 
years to the people of two continents, must ever be a favorite 
with those who have once known its splendid location, on 
the Canadian side, at the verge of the river, and with the 
whole marvelous panoiama of the American and Horseshoe 
Falls fully visible from its broad piazzas and many windows 
— not to mention its comfort and luxury as a place of sojourn, 
in and of itself, and its unequalled facilities as a point of 
departure for excursions and pleasure-riding. 

Ottawa, Can. — The Russell House. 

A first-class hotel, of large size and good management, 
located in tbe immediate vicinity of the Parliament Houses, 
Government Buildings, and Barrack Hill, with its fine views ; 



AMERICAN HOTELS. 335 

and indispensable to visitors to the Capital of the Dominion, 
of whom the present year and those following must neces- 
sarily see a largely augmented number. 

Philadelphia.— Continental and Trans- Continental 
Hotels. 
One of the largest and most perfectly appointed houses in 
America, as well as one of the best known is the Continental 
— holding a peculiarly central position, on Chestnut Street, 
and combining with its large extent all those modern im- 
provements and luxuries which have made the American 
hotel of the best class world-celebrated. During the present 
season, its claims have already been well recognized in the 
gathering there of the Commissioners and others entrusted 
with inaugurating the Centennial Exhibition, many of whom 
believe, by the way, that in the hotel itself they have seen 
one of the most interesting sights of the occasion. The 
Trans-Continental, under the same management, is located 
at the Centennial Grounds, and necessarily holds the first 
place there in all desirable characteristics. 

Philadelphia. — La Pierre House. 

A large and elegant hotel, with all the modern improve- 
ments ; located on Broad Street (" Fourteenth " in numbers), 
very near to Chestnut Street, and in the immediate neighbor- 
hood of the American Academy of Music — first house of 
entertainment on the continent. The La Pierre is considered 
especially eclectic as a residence, numbers among its patrons 
many visitors of high position and wide experience, and will 
hold an enviable as well as profitable position during the 
Centennial Exhibition. 

San Francisco, Cal— Occidental Hotel. 

Californian hotels are considered models of perfection by 
travellers of the widest experience, and the Occidental 
stands at the head of even that favorite class. Its location 
on Montgomery Street, reaching from Bush to Sutter, is 



326 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

unsurpassed : its details of management embrace the most 
perfect of modern improvements ; and its celebrity, extend- 
ing over many years, as the virtual " Heart of Frisco," is 
equally world-wide and well-merited, the true California 
" society " being always on view in its spacious halls and 
corridors, while its facilities and arrangements for carriage- 
excursions are unequalled. A late addition to, though no 
change in, its popular management, bringing it into corre- 
spondence with the Windsor at New York, will be equally 
advantageous to this house and its visitors. 

Savannah, Oa. — The Screven House. 

The Screven bears the reputation not only of being by far 
the best hotel in Savannah, but of having few or no superiors 
in any one of the American cities — its location, management, 
and the wondrous extent of its resources and marketing 
facilites, combining to give it that proud preeminence, and 
its name being synonymous with Southern "good living." 

St. Louis, Mo. — The Lindell House. 

All the modern improvements have been applied in the 
construction of this new and elegant house, one of the 
largest as well as one of the leading hotel of the West. 
It is located on Washington Avenue, now the thoroughfare 
of the city, since the opening of the Great Bridge, and 
stands on the site of the old house of the same name, a 
favorite throughout the whole country, while in no respect 
the equal of the present magnificent building. Few houses, 
in any city of the world, can so fully justify the claim of 
the Lindell, to be at once the " business and society hotel ;" 
and in certain features — among others its table, and the 
running of its elevators at all hours of day and night — it 
presents something unique in hotel management. 

Toronto, Can. — The Rossin House. 

One of the largest and most complete houses in the Do- 
minion, with a flattering and well-deserved reputation as 



.AMERICAN E0TEL8. 327 

one of the best-kept and most carefully-managed, as well as 
admirably located for visiting the Lake shore itself, the 
public buildings and fine grounds making Toronto a place of 
pleasant sojourn for all who once visit it. From the Rossin, 
the University, Osgoode Hall, and indeed all the more 
notable structures of the town, can be reached at very limited 
distances in pleasant foot-excursions; and at the Rossin, one 
always finds that perfect " warmest welcome at an inn," as 
described by Shenstone. The Rossin makes a specialty of 
publishing its always-moderate prices, which can be duly 
found in the oflScial card of the management. 

Trenton Falls, New York. — Moore's Hotel 

Without doubt, one of the most capitally-located hotels on 
the American continent, standing within a few rods of the 
matchlessly-beautiful Falls of Trenton, and indeed com- 
manding access to them, as well as supplying guides and 
every essential for the visit. Has noble groves and fine 
pleasure grounds, and a Geological Museum of the first ex- 
tent and value, besides being, as a place of transient visit or 
longer abode, thoroughly well kept, and in every regard one 
of the most enjoyable of the pleasure resorts of America. 
Not to have seen Trenton Falls, and Moore's, is to have 
omitted a crowning experience. 

Washington, D. G. — The Arlington. 

A house of high character and first-class patronage, seldom 
making any announcement to the public, from the fact that 
that patronage is at once assured and eclectic, composed of 
the most distinguished society of the two continents. Prob- 
ably as many of the names of people of taste and fashion 
in the world of travel, can be found on the books of this 
house, as of any other in America. The Arlington is under 
the same capable management as the Fort William Henry 
Hotel, Lake George, elsewhere mentioned at length. 

Watkins Glen, N. T. — Glen Park Hotel. 

This is by far the largest and best appointed, as well as 
most convenient of the hotels near the great wonder of nature 



?3a SHORT-TBIP GUIDE. 

labove -named ; and it has besides the advantage of being 
connected with the Magnetic Sulphur Springs House, whereat 
the cures of rheumatic and other chronic diseases have been, 
during the last few years, equally numerous and wonderful. 
Undoubtedly the Glen Park, with its salubrious situation on 
Seneca Lake, and at the very highest point of the Middle 
States, offers attractions equal to those of any other summer 
resort in America. 

West Point, N. Y. — Gozzens' Hotel. 

One of the most magnificently-located, as well as one of 
the most tastefully built of all American hotels, is Cozzens', 
at West Point, commanding the finest part of the passage 
through the Hudson Highlands, and often winning the name 
of the " Eagle's Nest " from its height above the river, while 
really among the easiest of summer resorts, to reach by boat 
or rail. Among American retreats at once fashionable and 
enjoyable, Cozzens' holds a " high place " in fact, as well as 
in altitude. Rumors have been rife, during the early season, 
of its passing into other hands as a benevolent institution ; 
but we are happy to be assured of its needed continuance as 
" Cozzens'." 
Weyer's Cave, Va. — Weyer's Cave Hotel. 

The wonder of nature involved in Weyer's Cave, quite the 
rival of the Mammoth Cave in beauty if not in size, has been 
elsewhere spoken of. It only remains, here, to advise tourists 
that in visiting the Cave they have all comforts, and many 
luxuries, spread before them at the Weyer's Cave Hotel, where 
guides may be procured, and where sojourn lonof enough to 
thorouglily " do '' this great natural marvel, will be found 
pleasant and profitable. 

YosEMiTE Valley, Cal. — Hutchings Hotel. 

Mr. Hutchings, best posted of all the pioneers of the Great 
Valley, has the hotel furthest up the Valley itself, nearest to 
most points of interest, and simply indispensable to visitors, 
both for convenience and comfort. 



REMINDERS FOR RAMBLERS. 

[See announcement cards, following at close of volume, 
for many particulars of value and interest — the main facts 
(and facts only) being here simply and hastily alluded to for 
the general information of travellers.] 

SPECIAL EOUTES FOR TRAVELLERS. 

There is no feature so notable, in American Travel- 
as the great Calif ornian Trip, by rail, by which such a won- 
derful space, involving the most picturesque, novel and inter- 
esting scenery, can be covered in so few days, and so much 
added to the previous stock of intelligence and experience — 
as witness the official announcement of the Union and Cen- 
tral Pacific Railroads, following, and the full particulars 
there given of the wonderful combinations and connections of 
the route, not only to San Francisco and the other Californian 
cities and places of interest, but the Colorado Mountain 
regions (the Switzerland of America), the great Mining sec- 
tions, Salt Lake City, &c. ; and, still beyond, to Japan, China 
and the East. 

The Pennsylvania Railroad, one of the largest under- 
takings of its kind in the New World, challenges favorable 
comparison with any in the Old, for the perfection of its 
construction, equipment and management ; for the com- 
pleteness of its service, and the consideration and accommo- 
dation it affords its patrons. Centering in Philadelphia, its 
colossal ramifications connect New York on the one side, 
with the extreme South and West on the other ; and this 
continuity of travel shows conclusively the advantage of rail- 
way transit being in the hands of large and responsible cor- 
porations. As a special instance of its meeting the wants of 
travellers may be mentioned the construction of a new line 
and depot at the chief entrance of the Centennial Exposition 



330 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

grounds at PhiladelpTiia, with but a few steps for entrance 
into the Main Building. Also, at New York, the passenger 
trains from New England will be transferred to the Jersey 
City Depot, and travellers so reach Philadelphia without 
change of cars. 

The New York and Philadelphia " New Line " 
affords a delightful variation in the route between the 
above cities. It is made up of portions of the well-reputed 
old lines, the New Jersey Central and the North Pennsyl- 
vania, and a new link from Bound Brook, in the former, to 
the River Delaware, where it forms a junction with a new 
extension of the latter road. This portion will be a first- 
class double track, stone-ballasted, built and equipped with 
all the latest improvements, and run with especial regard 
to speed and safety. Its passengers during the Exposition 
will land conveniently at the Penn. Depot, main entrance 
of the grounds, thus securing all advantages. 

The North Pennsylvania Railroad, running from 
Philadelphia northwards, to the crossing of the Lehigh 
River at Bethlehem, is one of the best equipped and ar- 
ranged in the State. It affords a most picturesque route of 
travel, and connects, at this point, with the Lehigh Val- 
ley roads ; passing through the coal districts of the State 
and the historic Valleys of Wyoming, Susquehanna, &c. 
Scenes of unequalled beauty and originality are thus afforded 
to the tourist ; and Niagara Falls are reached without 
change of cars. Passengers by this line are also taken to 
the Main Entrance of the Exposition at Philadelphia. 

The card of the New Jersey Southern Railroad, for 
the present season, shows that the Company has now two 
fast and splendid boats on the line, to Sandy Hook, in the 
Jesse Hoyt and Crystal Wave, supplying the pleasantest of 
transits to the Hook, Highlands of Navesink, Long Branch, 
&c., and thence on to Philadelphia by that and connecting 



REMINDERS FOR RAMBLERS. 331 

roads, twice a day, and in " good form," as our English 
cousins say. 

Of the more promiuent roads of the country the 
Baltimore and Ohio ranks among the first for the excellence 
of its management, the extent and perfection of its equip- 
ment and accommodation, and for the magnificent scenery 
through which it passes. Connecting Baltimore and Wash- 
ington with the far West, its wide-reaching arms extend to 
Cincinnati, St, Louis, Chicago, and by its connections to the 
whole of the West, South, and South-West. From Harper's 
Ferry, crossing the Allegheny Mountains to the Ohio River, 
the road goes through the best of American scenery, illustrat- 
ing the Railroad construction of this country by some of its 
most stupendous works. As a pendant, the management have 
made arrangements for admirable hotel accommodations 
along the line, duly referred to in the chapter on " American 
Hotels." 

The Great Atlantic Coast Line Railway is one of the 
representative roads of America, connecting the Great North 
v^ith the whole of the Southern Seaboard States to its ob- 
jective point — Florida. At Portsmouth joining the steamship 
lines, and at Weldon the Northern Railroads, passengers are 
luxuriously conveyed by the shortest direct route to Colum- 
bia, Aiken, Charleston and Savannah. With its connections, 
the Atlantic and Gulf R.R., &c,, it forms the special route to 
Florida, whose just claims to be considered the Italy of the 
New World are now fully recognized. For tourists and 
others seeking this resort, especial and careful accommoda- 
tions are most complete. Tickets to all points can be ob- 
tained in New York, Philadelphia, and chief cities. 

One of the most extensive railway connections of 
the American Continent (after the incomparable length of 
the Pacific) is supplied by the Grand Trunk Railway, of 
which the head offices are at Montreal , while in the main 



332 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

line and many branches are found facilities for reaching 
numberless points of interest of the North and North-East, 
all the way from Detroit and the Western cities, to Portland 
on the Atlantic. [See especially Route No. 19.] Many and 
magnificent pleasure excursions will be found in the official 
announcement of the season. 

The Illinois Central Railway justly claims to be tlie 
leading road in the district which it so well serves ; and it may 
be said that to its enterprise and success is due, in no small 
degree, the material development of what was at one time 
the '• far- West." From Chicago south it forms a direct con- 
nection with St. Louis, Cairo, and thence by its connections 
the shortest route to Memphis, New Orleans, Mobile, &c., 
which are reached without change in the Pullman Palace 
and sleeping cars. Westward it reaches Fort Dodge, Sioux 
City, Yankton and Omaha. 

The Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad 
claims, and justly, to be among the leading lines of the Con- 
tinent, and affords a favorite route from Chicago to Omaha, 
and thence by its connections to San Francisco and the 
Pacific slope. Its equipment and careful consideration for 
its patrons are unsurpassed ; and among the announcements 
of the Company, that " Pullman's palatial dining and break- 
fasting saloon on wheels," furnishing "sumptuous meals at 
75 cents while travelling at the rate of thirty miles an 
hour," is the climax of railroad accommodation — is a fact 
endorsed and verified by the many who have partaken of it. 

The Chicago^ Milwaukee and St. Paul Railway is 
the representative line of the district through which it runs. 
With Chicago north and north westward it connects Mil- 
waukee, and in its immediate vicinity the far-famed min- 
eral springs of Bethesda, &c., and a neighborhood un- 
rivalled for its beautiful scenery and as a summer resort : 
thence westward to Madison, the State Capital, Prairie du 



. REMINDERS FOR RAMBLERS. 333 

Chien, St. Paul, Minneapolis, the Falls of St. Anthony, &c. 
An alternative route through Portage City, by Lacrosse, 
passes up the valley ef the Mississippi to St. Paul, and 
aflfords scenic views of unequalled grandeur and beauty. 
The equipment and accommodation of this road are unsur- 



The Clyde Coastwise and Steamship Lines now rank 
among the most prominent and numerous in America, 
Their ships distinguished alike for their size and full power 
no less than for their complete arrangements for perfect 
ventilation and the general wants of their passengers, they 
supply the pleasantest means of transit to the South-Eastern 
States, Havana and other West India ports. Tourists on 
those routes will do well to consider these advantages. The 
newly-established line to California, in connection, is else- 
where referred to. 

The Day Line of Steamers on the Hudson River, 
from New York to West Point, the Catskill Mountains, &c., 
to Albany, supplies two of the fastest and most commodious 
steamers in the world, in the " Cbauncey Vibbard " and 
"Daniel Drew," carrying music on all trips, making the 
whole run, in either direction, by daylight, and affording 
opportunities for observation of the whole line of Hudson 
River scenery, unattainable by any other route or mode. 
Centennial visitors of this season will discover that not even 
the Rhine can afford a day's sail of such average magnifi- 
cence in scenery, and such perfection in accommodation, 
whether in the fine vessels themselves, or their manage- 
ment throughout. [See map of the Hudson, accompanying 
announcement.] 

The People's Line of Steamers between New York 
and Albany affords another splendid Centennial feature in 
travel on the Hudson River ; leaving either place at evening 
and arriving at the other in the morning, in time for all 



334 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

railway connections; and supplying in the "St. John," 
" Drew," and "Dean Richmond," the three noblest and most 
luxurious specimens of inland marine architecture on the 
globe, with accommodations of perfect completeness and 
princely splendor, while still making no heavy draft on the 
purSe in any detail of service. [See map of the Hudson, 
accompanying official announcement, for connections, &c.J 

The Mary Powell (steamer), running as an after- 
noon boat from New York to West Point, Newburgh and 
other points on the Hudson, to*Rondout (Kihgston), shows 
still another of those "Prides of the Hudson" just referred 
to ; passing through the Highlands by daylight, and afford- 
ing the most charming of views of that splendid river scenery ; 
the boat herself, a beauty, a favorite and a celebrity, and 
well known even to many Englishmen who have never vip- 
ited America, having been literally rebuilt, with large addi- 
tional power, and increased perfection of equipment, and 
being now really a curiosity of graceful beauty only second 
to the noble river on which her triumphs of speed and mar- 
vels of accommodation have been displayed. Centennial 
visitors will see few things more thoroughly satisfactory 
than the Mary Powell. 



LEADING INSURAN"CE COMPANIES. 
The hints given in one of the earlier papers of this 
volume, as to the propriety of every traveller (and indeed 
every man), taking a reasonable Life Assurance, do not lose 
their force, year by year, but rather add new ; meanwhile, the 
American system is the best in the world, as now admitted by 
the highest authorities of both continents ; and in some es- 
pecial companies hereinafter named, will be found the very 
highest types of extensive business, reliability and useful 
ness. First among these may be named the EquitaUe Life 
Assurance Society of the United States, No. 120 Broadway, 



REMINDERS FOR RAMBLERS. 335 

in whose remodelled building, now nearly completed, may- 
be found the most perfect commercial structure in the world, 
and one of the most tastefully- elegant, while its business 
is among the largest in the country ; and the NeiO' York Life 
Insurance Company, No. 34(> Broadway, only less elegantly- 
lodged than the rival Company, and quite as commodiously, 
while its figures show the extent and soundness of its great 
beneficial business. In both these Companies lies an abso- 
lute matter of national pride, as well as one of important 
knowledge to the intending investor in this most advisable 
of securities. 

Not less notable is the Penn Mutual Life Insurance 
Company, of Philadelphia, founded in 1847, under the 
strict laws which prevailed a quarter of a century ago ; con- 
ducted on the purely mutual system, by oflicers who have 
the full confidence of the community ; and showing a splen- 
did ejchibit of assets. The Penn is well worthy the noble 
old name which it commemorates ; and well-instructed Phila- 
delphians hold a world of local pride in it, apart from busi- 
ness connection. Still close following, though somewhat 
distant in location, is the Union Mutual Life Insurance 
Company, of Maine, of which the oflBce is in Boston, and 
which shows most conclusively the results of good manage, 
ment in an exhibit equally sound and fl[attering. 

In intimate connection with the subject of Life In- 
surance, comes that of Accident Insurance, in which detail, 
too, America affords one of the noblest examples, in the 
Travellers' Insurance Company, of Hartford, Connecticut, 
with a virtual center in New York, at 207 Broadway, The 
Travellers' has been for years domg a noble work, meeting 
with very great and deserved success, and annually paying 
out immense sums to the families of those killed by acci- 
dent, or to the disabled themselves in their day of dimin- 
ished receipts and possible need. The figures of business of 
the past year show something of the keenness with which 



336 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

the American public are waking' to tlie need and the benefit 
of such an institution, so indispensable among a nation of 
travellers — and of the amount which every late year demands 
from this Company, to pay for lost lives and injured bodies. 
This Company affords also the ordinary Life Assurance in 
connection, with the best advantages. 

The Hanover Fire Insurance Company^ office 120 
Broadway, New York, continues to offer the best and most 
reliable guaranties against loss or damage by the devouring 
element ; one of the most satisfactory of remembrances to 
those who leave property behind them when travelling ; 
while a visit to the office of the Company will show the best 
thing of its kind in the world, in appointments and manage- 
ment, especially since the late enlargement of space, ren- 
dered necessary by increase of business. 



NEW YORK CITY SPECIALTIES. 

At the American Branch of the house of Messrs. 
Thomas Cook k Son — Cook, Son & Jenkins, 2G1 Broadway, 
all the Cook's Tourist Tickets may be obtained, for both 
European and American travel, and much money saved in 
going over many routes on both continents. Meanwhile, it 
is worthy of general knowledge that this enterprising firm 
have been appointed by the British (iovernment. General 
Passenger Agents during the Philadelphia Centennial, and 
that their "World's Ticket Office," on the Centennial Grounds, 
will be one of the rare and notable features of the gathering. 

Passports for Europe, as all know, are convenient 
and profitable, if not always indispensable— as they supply 
identification, often save fees, &c. Arrangements have been 
made, by which they can be supplied at the very shortest 
notice, on application at Morford's Travel Office, 52 Broad- 
way, or to James Taylor, Passport Agent, Notary and Com. 



REMINDERS FOR RAMBLERS. 337 

missioner for all the States, No. 345 Broadway, corner of 
Leonard Street, New York City. 

Intending passengers for Europe or tourists to any 
part of America can examine maps, trace out routes, obtain 
any information desired, or have passages secured by any of 
the best lines of travel, with the advantages of the personal 
experience of an old traveller, at Morford's Travel Office, 52 
Broadway, New York — now open in connection with the 
management and publication of the •* Short-Trip Guides" 
to Europe and America. 

Indispensable to those who wish to lay out routes in 
Europe and travel intelligently as well as comfortably and 
economically, will be found the companion volume to this — 
" Morford's Sh&rt-THp Guide to Europe " (editorial office, -53 
Broadway), of which a leading CT. S. official said, lately, 
returning from a tour of the Old World, and speaking to a 
ship-board acquaintance : " My party, in our travels through 
the British Islands and on the Continent, had nearly all the 
Guide-Books and all the American ; and it is only justice to 
say, that after due examination, though using some of the 
larger and the local Guides, occasionally, for particulars not 
allowed by its limited space — we found Morford's the hook to 
arrange routes and travel by, and made it our chief depend- 
ence throughout." 

The Some Journal, the leading fashion and society 
paper in America, and indeed holding a corresponding place 
in that regard to the London " Court Journal," while it pos- 
sesses a literary ability to which the English exponents of 
aristocracy and fashion cannot pretend, has actually be- 
come a necessity in the higher walks of American life, and 
is beginning to exercise no small influence as a fashion 
authority abroad. It presents, for 1876, still added features 
of excellence and attractiveness, promising and warranting 
the highest prosperity in the future. 



338 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Without question, the best restaurant of its class in 
America (which, means, for the purposes of this considera- 
tion, the world !) is found at Nash and Crook'' s, 39 and 40 Park 
Row, and 147 to 149 Nassau St, ; New York — the excellence 
of the viands furnished, the perfection of their service under 
the eyes of two accomplished masters of the art, and the 
moderate rates charged for such unexceptionable food and 
service, all being taken into consideration. The Centennial 
visitor who wishes to see New York life, political and other, 
can always find what he seeks, at Nash and Crook's, during 
the mid-day hours ; and also he may discover, connected, 
one of the best Billiard Saloons on either continent. 

The TurJco-Russian Bath is among the most effica- 
cious of all appliances for the recuperation of exhausted 
nature. Never debilitating when judiciously and systemati- 
cally used, it builds up, purifies and invigorates the impaired 
vitality of the system, and restores to its normal condition 
the respiratory astion of the skin-pores. Foremost of the 
establishments of this description here, and among the most 
complete anywhere, is that in Gibson's Building, corner 
Broadway and 13th street, where rest, reccuperation and 
the means of health can all be found together. 

The Turkish Bath, as taken at 81 and 83 Columbia 
Heights, Brooklyn, is priceless as a sanatory agent, and in- 
valuable as a restorer and invigorator of nature's powers, de- 
pleted either by climatic influences or an extended devotion 
to business pursuits. For these cases it has no superior ; 
and for those seeking such aids to a virile constitution, 
nowhere can they more readily be obtained than at the above 
named place, not fifteen minutes distance from the business 
center of New York. 



BEMmDEBS FOB BAMBLEB8. 339 

PHILADELPHIA SPECIALTIES. 
One of tbe handsomest stores in Philadelphia, and 
probably the handsomest book-store in the world, is the 
marble building adjoining tlie Continental Hotel, occupied 
by the retail department of the house of Porter and Coates, 
one of the foremost Philadelphia publishing firms. Their 
place is noted as containing the largest and most varied stock 
in the city, particularly in fine books and books in fine bind- 
ings, illustrated works, &c., as well as those of a less costly 
character. Messrs. P. & C. publish very extensively, and 
issue, among other works of value to travellers, a Guide. 
Book to Philadelphia, edited by Mr. Thompson Westcott, 
superbly illustrated, with railway map of the city, and in all 
regards a model of its kind ; and they have also become the 
publishers of the" Short-Trip Guides," to both America and 
Europe, which they have the first facilities for supplying to 
the world of Centennial visitors, and to all others who wish 
to travel intelligently. 

Perhaps the most perfect Drug-and-Fancy-Store in 
the world, as certainly one of the most beautiful in arrange- 
ment and most extensive in the variety of articles embraced, 
is that of ^. i^. Helmhold, Chestnut Street, between Eighth 
and Ninth, and within the Continental Hotel. The dispen- 
sing of medicines and chemical preparations is really made 
a branch of fine art, under such auspices as those enjoyed 
by Mr. Helmbold, whose literal bazar is open all night, and 
who adds to general business the specialty of supplying, at 
first hands, the well-known and popular Helmbold's Prepar- 
ations, now almost indispensible in the medical world. 

The Travellers' Official Guide, published monthly 
by the National Railway Publication Company, Philadelphia, 
is very correct, careful, and wonderfully comprehensive, and 
affords incomparably the best authority on the Western 
Continent, as to time of trains, connections, and every 



840 SBORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

information necessary for the traveler. In collection with 
this is also published the Official lime Table, smaller and 
cheaper, and equally invaluable. [To be purchased at all 
news and periodical establishments.] 

The world of art is materially indebted to J. E, 
McClees & Son, No. 910 Chestnut Street, above Ninth, not 
only for the magnificent photographs produced in past years 
by the senior partner, one of the masters in his line, — but 
for the admirable collection of high class pictures, by foreign 
and domestic artists of the first eminence, always to be found 
in their handsome gallery of exhibition (really one of the 
pleasantest places in Philadelphia or elsewhere). 

A somewhat notable announcement is made for 
Messrs. Claxton, Remsen & Haffelfinger, the well-known and 
realiable publishers of 634 to 638 Market Street, Philadel- 
phia, who are always among leading men in the books com- 
mending themselves to the public. This is nothing more 
nor less than the coming publication in June, by that house, 
of the great Centennial Novel, the "Spur op Monmouth," 
the only fresh Revolutionary work announced, and certain 
to awake wide and sustained interest, in the pictures of the 
lives and characters of Washington and his companions, 
which this book is said to paint in such glowing colors. 



STEAMSHIP LINES. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.—ANmmNCEMENTS. 



1876. CUNARD LINE 
BRITISH 



HortUfflericaE 

ROYAL 
Mail Steamships 



Establis 


hed 1840. 


Scotia, 


Olympus, 


Bothnia, 


Russia, 


Algeria, 


Scythia, 


Samakia, 


Parthia, 


Aleppo, 


Siberia, 




1876. 

BETWEEN 

Liverpool, Boston &* 

New York; 

CALLING AT 

CORK HARBOR. 

Taking the Southern 
Route. 



Calabria, 


Cuba, 


Tarifa, 


Abyssinia, 


SiDON, 


Batavia, 


Morocco, 


Palmyra, 


Kedar, 


M41.TA. 



Atlas, 

Marathon, 

Hecla, 

Java, 

China, 

Saragossa, 

With the view of diminishing the chances of Collision, the Steamers of 
this Line take a specified course for all seasons of the year. On the Out- 
ward Passage from Queenstown to New York or Boston, crossing Mer-- 
idian of 50 at 43 Lat., or nothing to the North of 43. On the Homeward 
Passage, crossing the Meridian of 50 at 42 Lat., or nothing to the North 
of 42. 



From Liverpool— Sa.tuTda.ys and Tuesdays ; calling at Cork Harbor 

the following days. From New For,^— Wednesdays. 

From Boston— Tuesdays. 



Rates of Cabin Passage Money : 15 Guineas, 17 Guineas, and 21 Guineas, 
according to the accommodation. 
Return Tickets (available for Six Months), 30 Guineas. 
Rates of Passage Money by the Steamers carrying no Steerage Passen- 
gers: Chief Cabin, Twenty-six Pounds ; 
Second Cabin, Eighteen Pounds. 
Return Tickets (available for six months), at reduced rates. 



Children between Two and Twelve Years, Half- Fare. 



These rates include Steward's Fee and Provisions, but without Wines 
or Liquors, which can be obtained on board. 

Passengers booked through to San Francisco, China, Japan, India, 
New Zealand, and Australia, by Pacific Railway and Mail Steamers. 

The Passengers and Goods for New York are intended to be landed at 
Jersey City, within the jurisdiction of the Custom House of New York. 
J^^Apply at the Company's Office, New York, to Charles G. Franck- 
LYN, Agent; at the Company's Office, Boston, to James Alexander, 
Agent : in Halifax, to William Cunard ; in Havre, to Burns & Mac 
Iver, 21 Quaid' Orleans; m Paris,^ to Burns & Mac Iver, 12 Place de 
la Bourse ; in London, to W. Cunard, 6 St. Helen's Place, Bishopsgate 
Street and 28 Pall Mall ; in Dundee to G. and J. Burns, Baltic Street; in 
Glasgow, to G. & J. Burns, 30 Jamaica Street ; in Belfast, to A. G. S. 
MgCuLLOCH ; in Queeostown, to D. & C. Mac Iver ; or to 



D. & C. MAC IVER, 

8 Water Street, Liverpool. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS 



INMAN LINE. 



NEW YORK 

TO 

LIVERPOOL 
On Saturdays. 




The Large, Full-Powered, Clyde-Built Steamships, 



ClTT OF Chrster, Sat., May 6. 
City of Richmond, Sat., May 13. 
City of Bkhlin. Sat., May 27. 
City of Chkstf.r, Sat , June 10. 
City of Richmond, Sat, June 17. 
City of Berlin, Sat., July 1. 



City of Chestkr, Sat., July 15. 
City of Richmond, Sat.. July 22. 
City of Berlin. Sat., Aue. 5. 
City of Chester, Sat., Aug. 19. 
Crnr of Richmond, Sat., Aug. 26. 

&.C., &.C., &G., 



With intermediate and succeeding steamers^ as warranted. 

The course laid down for these steamers, and followed by them for several 
years, it fixed to pass zjo miles south of Cape Race. Although the voyage is 
thus lengthened about loo miles, better weather is met with and there is much 
greater freedom from fogs and floating ice and the danger of navigation coose- 
quent thereon. 



R^TES OF PASSAGE. 



To Liverpool, (So and $ioo, gold 



1 From Liverpool, $75 and $90 {old, 
I (IS to 18 Guineas.) 

Round Trip Tickets, I140 and $160, gold. 



Steamers leave Liverpool on Thursdays. 
" *' Qucenstown on Fridays. 

" " New York on Saturdays. 



For further information, apply at the Company's Oflices : 



Liverpool, 

Slueemtoiun, 

London, 

Paris, 

Baton, 

Philadelphia, 

Chicago, 

New Tori to 



Wm. Inman, 62 and 63 Tower Buildings. 

C. & W. D. Seymour. 

EivEs & Allen, 61 King William Street. 

A. H. Johnson, 9 Rue Scribe. 

L. H. Palmer, 3 Old State House. 

O'DoNNKLL Se Faulk, 402 Chestnut Street. 

Francis C. Brown, 32 S. Clark Street j and in 



JOHN G. 



DALE, Agent, 

15 Broadway. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS, 

LIVERPOOL 

AND 

NEW YORK STEAMERS 

Carrying the United States Mails, 




IDAHO, WISCONSIN, WYOMING, 

NEVADA DACOTAH. MONTANA, 



The above Steamers are New, of the Largest Class, and built express- 
ly for the Trade. Have five Water-Tight Bulkheads, and carry exper- 
ienced Officers, Surgeons and Stewardesses. 

The Saloon accommodations and attendance are unsurpassed by any 
Atlantic Steamers. 

SAILING FROM 

New York on Tuesdays, and Liverpool on 
Wednesdays. 

(Calling at Queenstown to land and receive Mails and Passengers.) 



Cabin, Intermediate and Steerage Passengers Tajckk 
AT Lowest Rates. 

RKTTJRJ^ TICKETS ^T J^ DISCOUNT. 

agsnts. 
GUION & CO., WILLIAMS & GUION, 

Liverpool 63 Wall Street^ New York, 

GRINNELL & CO., J. M. CURRIE, 

7 Leadenhall St., London. Paris and Havr€, 



SEORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



3 O QBO. 







'1^" 



S CJ fl rt C^ 



Steamers Weekly Between 

NEM'" YORK, LIVERPOOL AND QUEEXSTOWN; 

AND FORTNIGHTLY BETWEEN 

NEW YORK AND LONDON DIRECT. 



Spain, . 


4,871 tons 


Egypt, 


. . S.089 ;; 


Italy, 


4,341 


Holland, . 


. 3,847 


France, . 


. 3,676 ;; 


Denmark, . 


. 3,724 



England, . 


. 4,896 


The Queen, . 


4,470 


Helvetia, . 


. 3,976 


Erin, 


4,040 


Caxada, 


. 4,276 


Greece, . 


4,310 



The above powerful British-built Iron Steamships, with spar decks, 
and water-compartments, THE LARGEST IN THE TRADE, during 
the season of 1875, will form this favorite line, leaving 

LIVERPOOL EVERY WEDNESDAY. 

QUEENSTOWN, . . . \ EVERY THURSDAY. 

NEW YORK, .... EVERY SATURDAY. 

Fortnightly to and from LONDON DIRECT. 

From the Company's Piers, 

NOS. 44 AND 47, NORTH RIVER. 



CABIN PASSAGE 

To Liverpool, Queenstown, or London, $60, $70 or %%o, according 
to location of sleeping rooms. All passengers have equal privileges in 
the Saloon. Return tickets at reduced rates. For passage apply at 
the Company's Offices, 

No. 21 Water Street, Liverpool, and at 

No. 69 Broadivay, Neiv York, 

F. W. J. HURST, 3Laiiagcr. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE-ANNOUNCEMENTS. 




CARRYING THE U. S. MAILS 

BETWEEN NEW YORK AND GLASGOW, 

(Via Londonderry.) 
SAILING EVERY SATURDAY 
From New York (Piers 20 and 21, Foot Dey Street,) 
THE SPLENDIDFULL-POWEREDCLYDE^BUILT STEAMSHIPS 

ALSATIA, BOLIVIA, ETHIOPIA, 

ANCHORIA, CALIFORNIA. VICTORIA, 

and others. 
FOR LONDON, EVERY OTHER SATURDAY, 

The Splendid Steamships 

ANGLIA, AUSTRALIA, ELYSIA, UTOPIA. 

Comprising one of the Largest Fleets in any service. 

The Anchor Line Steanners are 

iniRST-CL^SS IN^ EVERY RESFECT. 

Safe, Comfortable, Reliable, Splendidly Fitted Up, and in their Appointmenta 

and Equipments not excelled by any other line. 



RATES OF PASSAGE : 

NEW YORK TO OR FROM GLASGOW, LIVERPOOL, BELFAST OR 

LONDONDERRY, 

Single Passage, $65 to $90 currency ; Excursion, $120 to $160. 

NEW YORK TO OR FROM LONDON DIRECT, 

Single Passage, $65 to $80, cur'cy ; Excursion, $izo to $150 ; Intermediate, $35. 

Children between 2 and iz, half fare j Infants free. . 



COMPANY s offices: 
GLASGOW, 49 Union Street, LONDONDERRY, JO Foyle Street, 

LIVERPOOL, 17 Water Street, QUEENSTOWN, Westbourne Place, 

LONDON, 19 Leadenhall Street, PARIS, j Rue Scribe, 

NEW YORK, 7 Bowling Green, CHICAGO, N. E. cor. La Salle and 

Madison Streets. 

HENDERSON BROTHERS, Agents. 



BRORT-TRIP G [TIDE.— A NNO UNCEMENTS. 




STEAMERS TO FRANCE DIRECT. 

General Transatlantic 

COMPANY'S 
FIRST-CLASS STEAMSHIPS, 

Under Government Contract to carry the Mails between 

NEW YORI^AND HAVRE. 

Leaving New York and Havre every Saturday from May 
1st, 1876, calling at Plymouth. 

PEREIRE, SAINT LAURENT, SAINT GERMAIN, 

LABRADOR, VILLE DE PARIS, CANADA, 

AMERIQUE, FRANCE. 

Passage Money ( Wine included) Payable in Gold, 

FROM NEW YORK, PLYMOUTH OR HAVRE, 

First Cabin, $125 and $i 10. Second Cabin, I72. 

Third Cabin, $40, Fourth Class, $26. 

To Plymouth, $25. 

Excursion Ticketi issued at a reduction of 10 per cent, 
MEDICAL A-^TENDANCE FREE OF CHARGE. 

American Travelers goinj to or returning from the Continent of Europe, by 
taking this Line, avoid both transit by English railway and the discomforts of 
crossing the Channel, besides saving time, trouble and expense. For Freight or 
Passage apply at the Office of 

LOUIS DE BEBIAN, Agent, 

c^ BROADWAY, New yoRIC. 



SHOR T- TRIP UlbE —ANNO UN CEMEN TS 



NORTH GERMAN 


LLOYD. 


«^o 




^ ^ 


a ^" S 


TMBBk^ 


w g w 


g § |s 


^^^^^toan^ 


> o ^ 


'flJHffljm^l^Wfefcl-.i^ 


S5 JO 




^^^^ 




2 55 5 g 


^\^^^^^^^^^^ 


% ^ w 


< « 2 H 


\^ ^^^^^^^^^^a 


w S S 


\ ^^^^^» 


> o > 


^ g ^g 


^^ 


^ » r 

> 7 H 


« ^ 5 


• 


• 


The Screw Steamers of the North German Lloyd: 


Bhein, 


Hermann, 


Bremen, 


Habsburg, 


:main. 


New York, 


Hansa, 


Hohenzolern, 


DONAU, 


Hanover, 


Frankfurt, 


HOHEXSTAUFFER, 


KOLN, 


Stkassburg, 


MOSEL. 


Salier, 


Neckau, 


Baltimore, 


Be KLIN, 


Braunscuweig, 


LeU'ZIC, 


Ohio, 


Bismarck, 


NURNBERG, 


Weskr, 


America, 


Oder, 


General Werdeb, 



Kronprinz Friedrich Wilhelm, 

TJttst Vessels carry the German^ British and United Statei Mailt^ 

and leave 
Bkbmen, for New York, by Southampton, erery Saturday. 

" for Baltimore, on alternate Wednesdays. 
Southampton, for New York, every Tuesday. 

" for Baltimore, on alternate Saturdays. 

New York, for Southampton and Bremen, every Saturday. 
Baltimore, for Southampton and Bremen, every alternate Saturday. 

The above vessels have been conttructed in the most approved manner j 
they are of 3.000 tons, and 700 horse-power each, and are commanded b 
men of character and experience, who will make every exertion to pre 
mote the comfort and convenience of passengers. They touch at Sout 
ampton. or the outward trip, for the purpose of landing passengers 
England and France. tt „ t, .. j 

These Vessels take Freight to Bremen, London, Hull, Rotterdi 
Antwerp and Hamburg, for which through bills of lading are signed.' 

An experienced surgeon is attached to each vessel. ' 

All letters must pass through the post office. 

Specie taken to Havre, Southampton and Bremen at the lowest 1 

For Prices of Passage, and all further particulars, apply to NO/ 
GERMAN LLOYD, Bremen: KELLER, WALLIS & POSLE- 
THWAITE, Southampton and London: PHILLTPPS, GRAVES, >HL- 
LIPPS & CO., London: L'HERBETTE, KANE & CO., Haj* and 
Paris: OELRICHS & CO., Neiv York: A. SCHUMACHER / CO., 
Baltimore: ED. F. STOCKMEYER & CO., New Orleans: U UP- 
MAN & CO., Havana, 



SHORT-TRIP OUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

PACIFIC MAIL STEAMSHIP COMPANY. 

General Offices, Pier 42 NORTH RIVER, N. Y. 

Wharf, corner FIRST and BRANNAN STS., San Francisco. 
SIDNEY DILLON, Prcst., N. Y. GEO. S. SCOTT, Vice-Prest., N.Y. 

J. B. HOUSTON, Second Vice-Prest.. N. Y. 
H. J. BULLAY, Superintendent, N. Y. 
A. P. BACON, Gen. Agent, S. F. JOHN STUART, Freight Agt., S. F. 

EDW. T. BACON, Pass. Agt., S. F, W. P. TISDEL, Gen. Agt., Panama. 

The following comprises our fleet of First-class Steamers : 
Iron Screws. 
City of New York, Australia, Colon, 

City of Peking, Zealandia, Salvador, 

CityofTokio, Acapulco, Costa Rica, 

City of San Francisco, Colima, Winchester, 

City of Sydney, Granada, , Honduras. 

City of Panama, 

Wooden Side-Wheels. 
China, Montana, Great Republic, 

Arizona, Constitution, Colorado, 

Dakota, Nevada, Henry Chauncey 

Alaska, 

JAPAN AND CHINA LINE, 
Carrying United States Mail. 
Steamers leave San Frarcisco ist of each month, at 12 o'clock, noon, for 
Yokohama and Hongkong, connecting with Mitsu Bishi Mail Company's 
Steamers at Yokohama for Hiogo, Nagasaki and Shanghai. 

San Francisco, Australia and New Zealand Line, 

Carrying her Britannic Majesty's Mail. 
Sailing days from San Francisco will be as follows : (Till further orders, leav 
ing at 6 P.M.), March i, March 29, April 26, May 24, June 21, July 19, August 
16, Sept. 13, Oct. 11, Nov. 8. Dec. 6, 1876; Jan. j, 1877, 

For Honolulu, Kandayau, Sidney, Auckland and Port CUaiDers. 

San Francisco, Victoria and Tacoma Line, Carrying her 

Britannic Majesty's Mails. 
Steamers leave the loth and 20th of each month, at 12 o'clock, noon, for Vic- 
oria, Port Townsend, Seattle, Tacoma, Steilacoom and Olympia, connecting at 
'acoma with Northern Pacific R. R. for Portland, and all important points in 
*regon and Washington Territory. Returning, leave Victoria, 3d and i8th of 
ech month j leave Tacoma, 15th and 30th of each month. 

New York and Panama Line, Homeward. 

learners leave San Francisco, the 15th and 30th of each month, for Panama 
ancNew York, South American Ports and Europe, at 12 o'clock, noon. 

Samer of the 15th calls at MAZATLAN, MANZANILLO, A-CAPULCO 
Arries at Panama, 30th : New York, 9th of succeeding month. This Steamer 
conncts at Acapulco with Steamers for all Ports south of Acapulco. 

Sterner of the 30th calls at ACAPULCO, SAN JOSE DE GUATEMALA, 
PUN'A ARENAS, Arrives at Panama, isth of succeeding month and New 
york,24th. 



BANKING HOUSES. 



SEOET-TRIP OUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

BROWN BROTHERS & CO. 

5*9 Wall Street, New York, 

Issue, against cash deposited, or satisfactory guarantee of repayment. 
Circular Credits for Travellers, in dollars for use in the United States and 
adjacent countries, and in Pounds Sterling' for use in any part of the 
world. 

These credits, bearing the signature of the holder, aflFord a ready 
means of identification, and the amounts for which they are issued can 
be availed of from time to time, and wherever he may be, in sums to 
meet the requirements of the traveller. 

Applications for Credits may be made to the above house direct, or 
through any first-class bank or banker in this country. 

They also issue Commercial Credits, make Cable Transfers of Money 
between this Country and England, and Draw Bills of Exchange on 
Great Britain and Ireland. 

BROWN, SHIPLEY <&• CO., 

Founder's Court, Lothbury, London. 

BROWN, SHIPLEY ^ CO., 

CJuxpel Street, Liverpool, 

DREXEL, MORGAN & CO., 

Wall Street, Corner of Broad, 

NEW YORK, 

DREXEL & CO. DREXEL, HARJES & CO. 

34 South Third Street, 3, Rue Scribe, 

Philadelphia. Paris. 

ISSUE 

':OMMERCIAL AND TRAVELLING CREDITS 

Available in all parts of the World. 



TELEGRAPHIC TRANSFERS 

TOiND FROM EUROPE, HAVANA AND SAN FRANCISCO. 



Attorneys and Agents of 
Messrs. J. S. MORGAN & CO., LONDON. 



SBORT-TRIP GUIDE.— AlimUNCEMBNTS. 

MORTON, BLISS & CO., 

Bankei^s, 
I Broad Streety New York, 

ISSUE 

CIRCULAR NOTES and LETTERS OF CREDIT 

For Travellers ; also 
COMMERCIAL CREDITS 

available in all parts of the world. 

Negotiate First-Class Railway, City and State Loans, make 

Telegraphic Transfers of Money, allow Interest 

on Deposits and Draw Exchange on 

MORTON, ROSE 6- CO., London, 

HOTTINGUER <5- CO., Paris, 

HOPE (Sr* CO, AmsUrd&n 



John Munroe & Company, 

BANKERS, 

No. 8 Wall Street, Nezu York, and 
No. 4 Post Office Zouave, Boston, 

ISSUE 

CIRCULAR NOTES AND CIRCULAR LETTERS 
OF CREDIT FOR TRAVELERS, 

ON THE 

CONSOLIDATED BANK, LONDON. 

AND ON 

MUNROE & COMPANY, 

PARIS. 



EXCHANGE ON LONDON AND PARIS, 

Money Transferred aizd Credits Opened by Cable. 



INSURANCE COMPANIES. 



SHORT-TRIP OUWE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 
THE 

EQUITABLE 

LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY 

OF THE UNITED STATES. 

No. I20 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, 



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Purely Mutual. Annual Dividends. 



New Business among the largest of any Company in America or 
Europe. Average Annual Growth greater than any other leading 
Company. Percentage of Losses to Policies in force, less than any 
other. Percentage of Expenses to Income, less than the average of 
other New York Companies. 



OFFICERS: 
HENRY B. HYDE, />r«/-^/«/. 

JAMES W. ALEXANDER, Vict-Pretident. 
SAM'L BORROWE, Secretary. 

WILLIAM ALEXANDER, Ass' t Seer ttary. 

GEO. W. PHILLIPS,! .. 
J. G. VAN CISE, ^Actuaries. 



W. P. HALSTED. 
THEODORE WESTON, 



A udiiori. 



SHORT- TRIP G UIBE.—ANNO UNCEMENTS. 



Commenced Business in 1845. 



NEJ4^ YORK 

LIFE INSURANCE CO, 




346 & 848 BROA.t)^^^Y. 

Assets, January 1st, 1876, $30,645,955.64. 

Annual Income, same date, over $8,000,000. 
Divisible Surplus, same date, over $5,250,000. 

Its Experience of more than a Quarter Century is an assurance against 
all doubtful experiments in the conduct of its business. 

It grants all desirable forms of Life Insurance, 

On Practical Plans and most Favorable Terms. 

ORDINARY LIFE POLICIES, LIMITED-PAYMENT LIFE 

POLICIES, ENDOWMENTS, ANNUITIES, AND 

TONTINE INVESTMENT POLICIES. 

MORRIS FRANKLIN. 
THEODORE M. BANTA, Cashier. President. 

WILLIAM H. BEERS, 
D. O'DELL, Sup't of Agencies. Vice- Pres't and Actuary. 



SHORT-TRIP OUIBE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



The Penn Mutual 



LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY 



OF PHILADELPHIA. 



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ENTIRELY MUTUAL. 

The Penn is the only Purely Mutual Life Company in 
the State of Pennsylvania. All of the Surplus is divided 
among its members every year, thus furnishing them in- 
surance at the lowest possible rates. All Policies non- 
forfeitable by the rules of the Company. 

Endowment Policies issued at life rates. 

SAMUEL C. HUEY, 

President. 
SAM'L E. STOKES, JAS. WEIR MASON, 

Vice-President. Aciuttry. 



H. S. STEPHENS, HENRY AUSTIE, 

2(/ yice-Pyesiizent. SeC7-€iary. 



SHOE T- TRIP G UIDE. —ANNO UNCEMBNTS. 




HANOVER 

Fire Insurance Company, 

OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK, 

Office, No. 1 20 Broadway, cor. Cedar St., 

(Eqvitabls Life Assurance Go's Building.) 



Incorporated 1852. 



BENJAMIN S. WALCOTT, President. 
I. REMSEN LANE. Secretary, 
C. L. ROE, Asst Secretary. 



Cash Assets, - - - $1,592,775.09 



AGENCIES IN ALL THE PRINCIPAL TOWNS IN THE UNITED STATES. 

Eastern Agency Department, - - THOMAS JAMES, Actuary. 
Western and Southern Agency Department, *' The Underwriters 

Agency." A. STODDART. General Ageni. 



SHOBT-TRIP GUIDE^ ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

~~ union mutual 
Life Insurance Company 

OF MAINE. 

Directors' Office, - - - Boston, Mass. 

Organized, in 1849. 



Assetb, Ten Million Dollars, 

Twenty-two Thousand Policies in Force, Insuring Fifty Million Dol- 
lars. Has paid since Organization, 

FOR DEATH CLAIMS, FOUR MILLION DOLLARS, 

FOR DIVIDENDS, THREE MILLION DOLLARS. 

PREMIUM RATES LOW, 

POLICIES NON-FORFEITABLE, 

LOSSES PAID PROMPTLY. 

HENRY S. WASHBURN, President. 
W. H. HoLLisTER, Sec^y, 
D. L. Gaij-up, Act'y. 



J. E. M<^CLEES & SON, 

Mli|IIOI[S Ap FIHE PICTUI|ES, 

910 CHESTNUT STREET, 

PHILADELPHIA. 

James E. McClees. Edward B. McClees, 



PIER, MANTEL & HALL MIRRORS, 

Importers of High-Class Paintings, 

Fancy Furniture in Buhl and Marquetrie, 

Engravings, Statuettes and Objets d'Art. 



AMERICAN TRAVEL. 



SEORT-TEIP OmDK—ANNOUNCEMENTS. 
The Great Trans- Continental All-Rail 

Union & Central Pacific Route 

Via Council Bluffs and Omaha, 

226 Miles the SHORTEST, 

FROM THE ATLANTIC COAST TO 

SALT LAKE CITY, 

SACRAMENTO, 

SAN FRANCISCO, 

AND ALL POINTS IN THE 

SANDWICH ISLANDS, JAPAN, 

NEW ZEALAND, CHINA, 

AUSTRALIA, INDIA. 



Shortest and Quickest Route 

To DENVER, COL., NEW MEXICO and ARIZONA. 



PULLMAN'S PALACE DAY AND SLEEPING CARS are run cm 
all Express Trains, and passengers are cautioned that only those who are 
ticketed via Omaha are sure of securing berths to points west ot" Cheyenne. 

Double Berth— Omaha to Ogden, $8 ; Ogden to San Francisco, $6. 

To Tourists, Pleasure and Health Seekers, this Route offers unrivaled 
attractions in the beautiful Platte Valley ; the grand scenery of the Snowy 
Range ; the Passage of the Rocky Mountains (8,242 feet above the sea): 
the Laramie Plains ; the Wahsatch and Uintah Mountains ; the wild ana 
weird Echo and Weber Canons ; the Great Salt Lake and its Mormon 
City, surrounded by lofty mountains, rivers filled with trout, hunting 

Sounds, medicinal springs, etc.; the Humboldt Sink; the Sierra Nevada^ 
e Palisades ; the beautiful mountain lakes of Tahoe and Donner, ana 
the passage of Cape Horn ; making a two thousand mile panorama of 
unequalled grandeur and beauty. 

Through Tickets for sale by F. KNOWLAND, General Agent, No. 
387 Broadway, New York, and at all principal ticket offices in the country 
Members of Colonies and Excursion Parties should address the General 
Ticket Agent for rates and arrangements. 

THOS. L. KIMBALL, 

Gen'l Ticket Agent, U. P. R. K., Omaha 

T. H. GOODMAN, 

G. P. A., C. P. R. R.,San Francisco 
[SEE NEXT PAGE,] 



SHORT- TRIP UIDE. —ANNO (INCEMENTS. 



THE 

Union & Central Pacific Li?ie. 

TRIP AROUND THE WORLD. 



From ATLANTIC CITIES to OMAHA, (Nebraska), via the Great 
Trunk Lines of Railway,— about 1,400 miles, in 50 iiours. 

From OMAHA to SAN FRANCISCO, (California), via Union aod 
Central Pacific Railroads. — 1,914 miles, in 4 days and 6 hours. 

From SAN FRANCISCO to YOKOHAMA, (Japan), by Pacific Mail 
Line Steamers, and by Australian and American Steamships, 4,700 miles, 
in 22 days. 

From YOKOHAMA to HONG KONG, (China), by Pacific Mail or 
Peninsular and Oriental Steamers, — r.6oo miles, in 6 days. 

From HONG KONG to CALCUTTA, (India), by Peninsular and 
Oriental Steamers,— 3,500 miles, in 14 days. 

Or from San Francisco to Calcutta via Australia, as follows : 

From SAN FRANCISCO to HONOLULU, (Sandwich Islands), by 
United States, New Zealand and Australia Mail Steamship Line, — 2,110 
miles, in 10 days. 

From HONOLULU to AUCKLAND, (New Zealand), by U. S., New 
Zealand and Aus. S. S. Line, — ^,800 miles, in 14 days. 

From AUCKLAND to SYDNEY, (Australia), by U. S., New Zealand 
and Aus. S. S. Lme, — 1,277 miles, in 5 davs. 

From SYDNEY to MELBOURNE, (Australia), by Pemnsular and 
Oriental Steamers,— 560 miles, in 3 days. 

From MELBOURNE to GALLE, (Ceylon), by Peninsular and Ori- 
ental Steamers, — 4,670 miles, in 21 days. 

From GALLE to CALCUTTA, (India), by Peninsular and Oriental 
Steamers, — 1,315 miles, in 7 days. 

From CALCUTTA to BOMBAY, (India), by the East Indian and 
Great Indian Peninsular Railways,— x, 400 miles, m 2 days. 

From BOMBAY to SUEZ, (Egypt), by Penmsular and Oriental 
Steamers, — 3,600 miles, in 14 days. 

From SUEZ to ALEXANDRIA, (Egypt), by Rail along the Suex 
^anal, — 225 miles, in 12 hours. 

From ALEXANDRIA to BRINDISl, (Italy), by Peninsular and 
oriental Steamers,— B50 miles, in 3 days. 

From BRINDISl to LONDON, (England), by Rail, via Paris or the 
P'.*ine, — 1,200 miles, in 3 davs. 

From LONDON to LIVERPOOL, (England), by Railway,— «oo 
miles, in 5 hours. 

From LIVERPOOL to ATLANTIC CITIES, (America), by either of 
the Great Atlantic S. S, Lines, — 3,000 miles, in 10 days. 

Total distance, 23, 589 miles. Time, 81 days. 

OFFICES: 

No. 287 Broadway y New York. 

Cor. A^h 6* Townsend Sts., San Francisco ; and 

General Foreign Agency, W. C. THOMPSON, 

22 Moorgate Si., London. 

'SEE PRECEDING PAGE.l 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD 

IS THE GREAT 

TSIil WE AID Mill BfllTE 

OF THE UNITED STATES. 

n '"RAVERSES the most interesting portions of the North American Con- 
tinen. and unites by unbroken tracics all the principal Cities on the Atlantic 
Coast '.n the Great Lakes and in the Mississippi Valley. 

THROUGH TRAINS 

arc run between New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington, in the 
East, a-id Buffalo, Niagara Falls, Erie, Cleveland, Toledo, Chicago, St. Louis, 
Cincinnati and Louisville, in the North, West and South-west. 



THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD 

IS THE 

Best Constructed Railway on 
the American Continent. 

ITS MAIN LINES are laid with a DOUBLE TRACK OF STEEL RAILS. 
»ecured on Oak Ties imbedded in broken-stone ballast, which renders them 
impervious to the action of frosts or freshets, and prevents annoyance rrom dust. 
All bridges arc of iron <ir stone. 

THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD 

RUNS THE 
Most Perfect Rolling Stock in the \Vorld. 

ITS ENGINES are models of mechanical excellence, and its Passenger Cars 
are unequalled for comfort, elegance and strength. SupE':Hor Hotels and 
Eating Houses arc provided at all essential points. 



THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD 

ENFORCES UPON ITS EMPLOYES 

STRICT COURTESY AND POLITENESS, 
IN THEIR INTERCOURSE with the public, and uses every etfort to secure 
the comfort and contribute to the enjoyment of its patrons. 

THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD 

RUNS TRAINS FOR GREATER DISTANCES, 
without Stoppage, than any other line in the world. 

THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD 

Is the only line running direct to the GREAT CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION, 
at Philadelphia. 



SHORT- TRIP G UIDE^ ANNO UNGEMENTS. 

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, 

THE 

GREAT NATIONAL ROUTE, 
THE SHORTEST ROUTE 

FROM 

BALTIMORE AND WASHINGTON 

TO 

Pittsburg, Cincinnati, Columbus, Chicago, Indianapolis, 
St. Louis, Kansas City, Denver, St. Joseph, Omaha, 
San Francisco, Louisville, Nashville, Memphis, 
Vicksburg, New Orleans, Mobile, Galves- 
ton, and all the leading cities of the 
West, South-West and the 
North-West. 



The Route passes through splendid scenery of the Potomac Ri-very Alle^ 
gheny and Cheat Mountains^ fVest Virginia^ Ohio^ &c. 



DOUBLE-TRACK, STEEL-RAIL AND STONE-BAL- 
LASTED ROAD. 



Magnificent Day Passenger Cars, Pullman Drawing-Room 

Day and Sleeping Coaches, through to Cincinnati, 

Chicago, St. Louis and Pittsburg, without change. 



The Great Public Thoroughfare betiveen the South, South -East, West, 
and North-West, 



L. M. OOLE, Gen'l Ticket Agt., 

E.E.D0ESEY,As3t.a.T.A., 

BALTIMORE. 



THOS. P. BAERY, 

Western Passenger Agent, 

Cineinnati. 
F. W. RANKIN, Eastern Passenger Agent, 

31^ Broadway^ New York. 



SHORT' TRIP O UIDfS.—ANJSrO UNOEMENTS. 

"mW YORK AND PIIIL/lDElJliTr 

NE W LIN h-. 

Visitors to the Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia would do 
well to patronize the NEW LINE bet "ecn New York and Phila- 

PELI'HIA. 

CPEN for travel MAY ist, 1876. with new and first-class equip- 
ments, steel rail, stone ballast, iron bridges and entirely free froni dust 
ai-d smoke, 

PASSENGER DEPOT IN NEW YORK. 

Cent. R,R. of New Jersey, 
Foot of LIBERTY STREEi". Noith River. 
PASSENGER DEPOT IN PHILADELPHIA. 

NoKTH Penna. Railkoad, 
Corner AMERICAN and BECKS STS. 
Ellis Clark. H. P. Caldwin. 

Cicn. Agent North Penn. R.R. Co , Gen. Pass'r. Agent. 

Front and fVilloiv Sts., Cent. R.R. of N. J., 

Philadelphia. 119 Liberty St., N. T. 

NORTH PENNSYLVANIA aAILRQAD. 

The attention of Centennial Visitors is asked to this 
SHORT AND FAVORITE ROUTE 

FROM PHILADELPHIA TO iNIAGARA FALLS, 

Passing through the beautiful Lehigh, Wyoming and Susquehanna 
Valleys, containing some of the must picturesque scenery in the coun- 
try, with the privilege of visiting en route such celebrated places of 
resort as Betlilehem, Mauch Chunk, Switchback, Wilkesbarre, 
Scranton, Ithaca, Geneva, Auburn, Seneca Lake, Rochester, Buffalo, 
Clifton Springs, &c. 

EXCURSION TICKETS AT REDUCED RATES, 
to all principal Watering Places in the 

NORTHERN STATES and CANADA. 

First class equiprnent. Parlor and Sleeping Cars, smooth track and 
entire freedom from dust and smoke, are the specialties of this route. 
PASSENGER DEPOT IN PHILADELPHIA. 

Corner of BECKS and AMERICAN STS. 

Tichi Offices, S. E. cor. Fifth and Ckestnut Streets, 
and 732 Cites t nut St., cor, Uh St. 

ELLIS CLARK, Gen. Ag-^nt. 



SHORT- TBIP G UIDK—ANNO UNCEMENT8. 



THE 

ATLANTIC CO/ST IV^ I[AILWAY. 

TO 

FLORIDA AND THE SOUTH. 

THE QUICKEST ROUTE TO 

COLUMBIA, AIKEN, AUGUSTA, CHAELESTON, SA- 

TANNAH, JACKSONYILLE, AND ALL 

ATLANTIC COAST CITIES. 

14^ hours quicker to JACKSONVILLE, Florida, than any 
other railway line between the NORTH AND SOUTH. 

Pullman Sleeping Cars on all night trains, and Parlor Cars 
by day. Baggage checked through to destination. 

TICKETS GOOD UNTIL USED. 
Through Tickets via this Line, chairs, berths and sections in 
parlor and sleeping cars secured, and all information, given in 

NEW YORK, 
At Atlantic Coast Ijine Office, 229 Broadway, Opposite 

New I'ost Office, 

261, 315, 526 Broadway; No, 1 Astor House; at the offices of the New York 

Transfer Co., 944 Broadway, and at offices of Pennsylvania R. R. Co., foot of 

Gortlandt and Desbrosses Sts. ; Dodd's Express, No. 4 Court St., Brooklyn, 

IN JERSEY CITY, JPennsylvania Itailroad Depot. 

IN PHILADELPHIA, 

700 Chestnut St. ; 838 hestnut St. : S. E. cor. B oad and Chestnut Sts., and at 

Philadelphla,Wilmington & Baltimore R. R. Depot, cor. Broad and Prime Sts. 

IN BALTIMORE, 

At Atlantic Coast Zine Office, No. 9 German Street, 

W. H. FITZGERALD, Agent. 

S E. cor. "West Baltimore and Calvert Sts ; N. E. cor. West Baltimore and 

Calvert Sts. ; 1.57 Baltimore St. ; at Camden Station, Baltimore & Ohio R. R. ; 

Baltimore <fe Potomac R. R. ; also, at Niagara Falls, Canandaigua, Elmira, 

Syracuse, Buffalo, and all intermedials points on Northern Central R. R. 

IN WASHINGTON, 
602 Pennsylvania Ave. ; cor. Sixth St. and Pennsylvania Ave. ; cor. Thirteenth 
St. and Pennsylvania Ave. ; Depot Alexandria & Fredericksburg Railway; on 
board Potomac Steamers, foot of Seventh St. 

IN RICHMOND, 
Apply at office of Richmond & Petersburg R. R.. or at Garber & Co.'s, No. 826 
Main St., and Exchange Hotel. 

A. POPE, Gen'l Pass, and Ticket Agent, 



SnorcT-TRIP QUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

TO THE TOURIST, TRAVELER AND 
PLEASURE-SEEKER. 

Niagara Falls, Lake Ontario, Thousand Islands, and 
Rapids of the St, Lawrence. . 

One hundred different forms of Tickets for the Excursion Season 
of 1876, all of which include NIAGARA FALLS, the celebrated 
THOUSAND ISLANDS and RAPIDS OF THE ST. LAW- 
RENCE, via the GRAND TRUNK. RAILWAY and RICHE- 
LIEU & ONTARIO NAVIGATION CO.'S ROYAL MAIL 
LINE OF STEAMERS— terminating either at Montreal, Quthtc 
Gorham (White Mountains), Portland, Boston, Profile and Crawford 
Houses, Saratoga Springs, or New York. 

These Tourist Tickets are issued by the Grand Trunk Railway of 
Canada, and are good from Niagara Falls to Montreal and Quebec, 
either by Railway or Steamer, or alternate Rail and Steamer, and valid 
until November ist of the present year. The Tickets also include 
Meals on the Richelieu & Ontario Navigation Co.'s steamers between 
Toronto and Montreal. 

Pullman Palace Cars will run from Toronto to Kingston, with- 
out change J arriving at Kingston in the evening, giving Tourists a 
night's rest, and allowing them to take Day Boat down the Lake, 
through the Thousand Islands, &c., by daylight to Montreal. 

These Routes have been made especially to meet the wants of 
■Tourists, and cover the most desirable scenery of the White Moun- 
tains, Lake Champlain, Lake George, Lake Memphremagog and the 
favorite summer resorts of Saratoga and Newport. 

Tickets for these Tours, which are first-class in every respect, arc 
for sale at all the ticket offices in New York, Philadelphia, Balti- 
more, Boston, and other cities, at a reduced rate, and at the General 
Agency of the Grand Trunk Railway, No. 285 Broadway, N. Y. 

E. P. BEACH, Gen I Agent, 

285 Broadway, New York. 

L F. Hicks, Passenger Agent, 

285 Broadway, New York. 



SHORT-TRIP OUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

New Jersey Southern Railroad Line. 



The only Line between New York and Philadelphia^ 

VIA LONG BRANCH AND THE SEA SHORE. 

ONLY ROUTE FOR 

Monmouth Park, LonP" Branch, Highlands, 

Toms River, ° Seabnght, 

Waretown, r\^^^.^ r^ ^ Monmouth Beach. 

Barnegat,; OcCaH GrOVC, Red Bank, 

Forked River, i tt Eatontown, 

Tuckerton, Bcach HaVCIl, Bricksburg. 

DAILY EXPRESS TRAINS. 
This Route affords passengers the most delightful sail out of New 
York, on board the fast, staunch, and favorite Steamers 

«' JESSE HOYT;' and - CRYSTAL WA VE;' 

Passing various famous islands, through the Narrows, where are lo- 
cated Forts Lafayette, Richmond and Hamilton, the principal fortifi- 
cations of New York Harbor, thence through the Lower Bay, 
IN FULL VIEW OF THE ATLANTIC OCEAN, 
To Sandy Hook, where close connections are made with Fast Express 
Trains to 

LONG BRANCH AND PHILADELPHIA. 



PULLMAN PARLOR CARS. 



Depot in New York, Pier 8, foot of Rector St., N. R, 

In Philadelphia, foot of Market St. 

Special Ticket Offices, No. 700 6? 732 Chestnut Street, 

PHILADELPHIA, 
And all principal R.R. and Hotel Ticket Offices in New York City. 

WM. S. SNEDEN, 

General Manager. 

CHAS. P. McFADDIN, 

General Ticket Agent. 



SHOUT- TRIP G UIBE^ANNO UNCEMENTS. 

Illinois Central Railroad. 

This is the ONLY DIRECT ROUTE from 

CHICAGO TO NEW ORLEANS, 

and is the only route running Through Cars between those points 

TVITHOTJT CH^IsTG-E. 

It is from loo to 175 miles shorter, and from 12 to 24 hours quicker than 
any other route. 

At NEW ORLEANS Connections are made for 

H/VyiNA, CUBA, MEXICO /ND TEX/S. 

This is also the Direct Route, WITHOUT CHANGE OF CARS, 

FROM CHICAGO TO PEORIA, KEOKUK, SPRINGFIELD 

AND ST. LOUIS, 

Connecting at St. Louis for all parts of KANSAS, COLORADO, 

ARKANSAS and TEXAS. 

This Company also operate a line from 

CHICAGO VIA DUBUQUE to sIOUX CITY 

ON THE MISSOURI RIVER. 

It is the shortest route and the only one running through trains 
between those points. 

Connections are made at Sioux City for YANKTON AND ALL 
PARTS OF DAKOTA TERRITORY, including the celebrated 
BLACK HILLS. Also, for all GOVERNMENT POSTS on the 
Upper Missouri River. 
Drawing Room Sleeping-Cars run through from Chicago to St. Louis, 

Spring field, Peoria, Cairo, Neiv Orleans, Dubuque and Sioux City. 

The Illinois Central Railroad, in connection with the St. Louis and 
Cairo Short Line, via Du Quoin, forms the shortest route between St. 
Louis and New Orleans, and is the only line running through Sleep- 
ing Cars between those cities. 

All trains leave Chicago from the Central Depot, foot of Lake 
Street. Ticket Office, 121 Randolph Street. Through Tickets by 
this line can be obtained at all of the principal ticket offices through- 
out the United States and Canadas. 

W. p. JOHNSON, J. F. TUCKER, 

Gen'l Passenger Ag't, Chicago. Gen'l Sup't, Chicago 

J NO. J. SPROULL, GenU Ag't, 

9 Astor House, New York. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

' HOW TO GO WEST ! 

TAKE THE 

CHICA&O, BURLINGTON & QUINCY R. B. 

THE FAVORITE ROUTE 

To ALL POINTS in the \VEST and SOUTH- 
WEST. The ONLY LINE bet^^^een 

CHICAGO AND OMAHA 

running PULLMAN'S DINING CARS, PAL- 
ATIAL DINING AND BREAKFASTING 
SALOONS ON WHEELS. 

Sumptuous Meals for 75 cents, at thirty miles per hour, is the travel- 
ing climax of this progressive age. introducing novelty, and adding pleas- 
ure as well as comtort to the usual tedium of a long journey. 

THROUGH DAY and SLEEPING COACHES by this route, with- 
out change, BETWEEN CHICAGO and OMAHA and CHICAGO and 
KANSAS CITY. 

TRAVELERS destined to Burlington, Council Bluffs, Omaha, Lin- 
coln, Denver. Salt Lake, Sacramento, San Francisco. Quincy, Hannibal, 
St. Joseph, Atchison, Leavemuortk. Lawrence, Kansas City, Topeka,, or 
points in the Indian Territory and Texas, should consult Their safety, 
comfort and pleasure, hy procuring their tickets via C. B. & Q, ("THE 
BURLINOTON ROUTE,") for sale at all ticket offices. 

For rates on Freight and further information, apply at the Company's 
Offices : 

BOSTON — 222 Washington Street. 

NEW YORK— 317 Broadway. 

CHICAGO— 59 South Clark Street, and Union Depot. 

LIVERPOOL, England— 16 South Castle Street. 

LONDON " — 1 3 Queen Victoria Street. 

W. B. STRONG, 

Geti'l Sup'ty Chicago. 

SAMUEL POWELL, 

Geti'l Pass. Ticht Agent, Ckicago. 



SHORT- TRIP Q UIDE—ANNO TINGEMENTS. 

CHICAGO, MILWAUKEE AND ST. PAUL 

RAILWAY. 



THE GREAT THROUGH LINE BETWEEN 

CHICAGO, 

NEW YORK, 

NEW ENGLAND, 

THE CANADAS, 
AND 

All Eastern and Southern Points, 

AND THE GREAT NORTHWEST. 

Connecting in Chicago luith all Eaitern and Southern Lines. 

CHICAGO DEPOT: Corner Canal and "West Madison Streets. 
Horse Cars and Stage Lines for all parts of the City constantly passing. 
CHICAGO CITY OFFICES : 6i and 6} Clark Street. 



THE ONLY THROUGH LINE BETWEEN 

CHICAGO, MILWADKEE, ST. PAUL Ai MliEAPOLIS. 

It traverses a finer country, with grander scenery, and passes through more 
business centers and pleasure resorts, than any other Northwestern Line. 
Is the only Railway Line 

ALONG THE VALLEY OF 

THE UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER, 

And the Shore of Lake Pepin. 

Also, via Madison, Prairie du Chien, McGregor, 
Austin and Owatonna ; 

THUS MAKING TWO THROUGH LINES TO ST. PAUL AND 

MINNEAPOLIS. 

^S' Connecting at St. Paul and Minneapolis with the several Lines centeriig 
at those points. 

ST. PAUL DEPOT : Cor. of Jackson and Levee. 

CITY OFFICE : Ii8 ^ast Jackson Street, corner of Third Street. 

A. V. H. CARPENTER, 

Gen. Pass, and Ticket Agent, Milwaukee. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



ghgateSpr's 
ST. ALBANS 



elbuhne ^ 
'e'rgenne^ 




1876. 



HUDSON RIVER 

BY 

DAYLIGHT. 



Albany and New York 

DAY LINE 

OF 

STEAMBOATS. 

The fast, commodious and favorite 
steamers, 

"C. VIBBARD," 

AND 

" DANIEL DREW," 

LEAVING NEW YORK 

FROM FOOT OF VESTRY ST., 

Pier 39 North River, 
AND ALBANY 

FROM FOOTOF HAMILTON ST. 

DAILY, SUNDAYS EXCEPTED, 



OOKLYW 



(J^ar tit7te^ see New York daily 
papers.) 



Landing at ths Friscipal Points on the 

Hudson Si7er. 

Affords the best mode of enjoying 

THE UNSURPASSED SCENERY, 

And of reacliing the 
Catskill Mountain Houst, 

Sharon & Saratoga Springs, 
And all points North and West. 

ISAAC L. WELSH, 
General Ticket Agent, 
New York. 



SUOHT-TUir (:^UllJJS.—A]SrNOUNCEME]^TS. 




^rWr-s^ PEOPLE'S LINE 



STEAMERS 

BETWEEN 

New York and Albany. 

Rooms heated by steam during 

the cool months. 

J^ew York to Albany^ 
STEAMERS 



ST. JOHN, 

Capt. T. D. Christopher 

Monday^ 

Wednesday, 

Friday, 
From Pier 41, 



DREW, 

Capt. S. J. Roe, 

Tuesday, 
Thursday, 
Saturday, 
North River, 



(Near Jersey City Ferry, Desbrosses Street.) 

AT 6:00 P. M. 
Connecting with Trains of New 
York Central, Albany & Susque- 
hanna, Rensselaer & Saratoga, and 
Boston & Albany Railways j and 
Lake Champlain Steamers. 

pm^ Tickets at the Office on the 
Wharf; also at Dodd's Express Of- 
fices, 944 Broadway, New York, and 
No. I Court Sireei, Brooklyn. 

pW Passengers leaving Wash- 
ington at 8.C0 A. M., Baltimore at 
Q.25 A. M., Philadelphia at i.jo 
P.M., arrive in New York at 5.15 
P. M,, in time to connect as above, 

Albany to Nexv York, 

STEAMERS 
DREW, ST. JOHN, 

Capt. S. J. Rw, Capt. T. D. Christopher 
Monday, Tuesday, 

Wednesday, Thursday, 

Friday, Saturday,, 

From Steamboat Landing, 
AT 8:15 P.M., 
On arrival of Trains from North 

and West. 
Cars from Saratoga and the North 
go to the boats. 
J^^TiCKETSto Philadelphia, Bal- 
timore, and Washington City, for 
sale on the Boats. 

Hudson River Railroad Tickets 
taken for passage, including State- 
Room Berth. _^ 

JOHN C. HEWITT, 

Gen. licket Agent. 



AFTERNOON BOAT 

FROM 

NEW YORK TO WEST POINT, NEWBORG, POOGHKEEPSIE, 

RONDOUT AND KINGSTON. 




THE SPLENDID AND FAVORITE STEAMER 

MAR Y POWELL 

Leaves New York, every afternoon at 3.30, from VESTRY 
STREET PIER, for WEST POINT, NEWBURG, 
POUGHKEEPSIE, RONDOUT and KINGSTON; 
landing at CORNWALL, MILTON, and other popular 
places ; passing 

Through the Highlands by Daylight, 

and affording unequalled facilities for reaching the places 
named, and enjoying the noble scenery of the Hudson. 

I^^This always magnificent Steamer, just refitted at great 
cost, and with large additional power, is now the type 

FLOWINB PALACE OF AMERICAN RIVEEb. 

Returning, leaves Rondout every morning at 5.30 A. M., 
reaching New York at 10.30. 



AMERICAN HOTELS 



SHORT-TRIP OUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 




WINDSOR HOTEL, Fifth Avenue, 

FORTY-SIXTH and FORTY-SKVENTH STREETS, New York City. 
One of the most elegant, costly and perfect Hotels in America. 

HAWK, WAITE & WETHERBEE, Proprietors. 



BREVOORT HOUSE 

FIFTH AVENUF, 

Near WASHINGTON SQUARE, 

NEW YORK. 



A quiet Hotel, with a Restaurant of peculiar excel- 
lence. 

Its patrons are of the best families of this country and 
Europe. 

• C. C. WAITE, 

Resident Proprietor, 



SHORT- TRIP G UIDE—ANNO UNGEMENTS. 



Westminster Hotel, 

EUROPEAN PLAN, 

Corner Sixteenth Street and Irving Place, 

NEW YORK. 

Only one block from Broadway and Union Square. 



The location of this Hotel is one of the most central, yet quiet and retired, in 
the city. All the principal Theatres and places of amusement, and all the prom- 
inent Retail Stores, are within a radius of half a mile of the Hotel. The house 
contains all modern improvements, is one of the most elegant and comfortable in 
New York, and is largely patronized by the distinguished literary and diplomatic 
celebrities of the day. Charles Dickens, Wilkie Collins and other distinguished 
men, made this house their home during their stay in the City. Its cuisine en- 
joys an unrivaled reputation, and its appointments are in every respect ot the 
most perfect character. Horse cars to all parts of the City pass within one block 
of the Hotel. 

CHARLES B. FERRIN. 



Nash & Crook, 

OYSTER, LUNCH 

AND 

DINING ROOMS, 

39 & 40 Park Row, and 147 & 149 Nassau Street, 
(Times Building), NEW YORK. 

Chas W. Nash, J. H. Crook. 



S30BI-TSIP aUIDE—ANNOUNGMMBNTS. 



1776. 



1876. 




EARLES' HOTEL, 

Corner Canal and Centre Streets, near Broadway, 
NEW YORK. 



Contains first-class Billiard Room, Grand Exchange, Railroad 
Ticket Office, Telegraph Office, and every modern convenience. 
Located conveniently to Business and Places of Amusement. Com- 
plete arrangements will be provided to aid guests in reaching the Cen- 
tennial grounds. EARLE BROS., Proprietors. 



SIIORT'TRIF GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS 




WEST END HOTEL 

Long Branch, N. J. 
PRESBURY &- HILDRETH, Proprietors. 



GEO. G. PRFSBUKY, JR. 



D. M. HILDRETH. 



SHOBT-TRIP G UIDE.—A NNO UN CEMENTS. 

ROWLAND'S HOTEL, 

Long Branch, N. J. 



HENRY ROWLAND & SON, 

Managers. 

One of the oldest established houses on the Long 
Branch shore ; recently rebuilt with all modern im- 
provements ; and for many years 

/ FII|ST FAYOI|ITE/S A FAMILY HOTEL 

Coaches at all Trains during the Season. 



PAVILION HOTEL, 

Long Branch, N. J. 



SAMUEL C. MORRIS, Proprietor. 

This House is situated on the margin of the Atlan- 
tic Ocean, embracing a front of over two hundred 
and fifty feet. 

Families wishing to spend the season at a watering 
place can be accommodated in the most comfortable 
manner and on moderate terms. 

Particular attention paid to the comfort of Ladies. 



COACHES AT ALL TRAINS. 



SHOBT-TRIP GUIDE— ANKOUNCEMEI^TS. 

STANV/IX HALL, 

ALBANY, NEW^ YORK. 



3DE:x.^ft.v^^ivr iPDEOKi, ^>I^OI3I^IElTOI^. 



Large and commodious hotel, situated on Broadway, near the railroad 
stations and steamboat landings, and within a very- 
short distance of the Capitol and other 
public buildings. 



• THi: sTAmnx 

has the reputation, acquired through many years of careful attention 
and extensive patronage, of being the 

BEST HOTEL OF ALBANY. 



THOMPSON'S PAVILION, 

HIGHLANDS OF NAVESINK, NEW JERSET. 



One of the favorite summer houses of the coast, for 
many years— standing on the edge of the great bluffs of the 
Navesink Highlands^ commanding full views of river and 
sea, and immediately at the steamboat landing and opposite 
the N. J. Southern railroad station. 

Fi 



ne rides in the neighborhood, and surf and river 
bathing at readiest convenience. 

THOMPSON & WALLING, Prop'rs. 



SHORT^TRIP GtriDB—ANKOUNCEMEKTS. 

COZZENS' HOTEL, 

^Vest Point. N. Y. 



EDWARD COZZENS, Proprietor. 



Coaches will await the arrival of every Train and Steam. 
boat at cozzens' dock to convey passengers 
TO THE Hotel 

Passengers via Hudson River R. R. sliould stop at 

GARRISON'S STATION, 

AND TAKE FERRV BOAT TO COZZENS' LANDING. 



OfiFered to Families taking Rooms for a Term of Weeks. 

KITTATINNY HOUSE, 

Delaware Water-Gap, 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

The original and favorite house at the Water-Gap, with a 
charming location, ever)'- comfort and convenience, and a 
summer list of visitors averaging three thousand. 



WATER-GAP HOUSE. 

More modern house, erected in 1872, on ground still 
higher than the Kittatinny, and commanding unequalled 
views of the fine natural scenery of the Gap. 

L. W. BRODHEAD &^ BRO., Proprietors, 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 




THE 



CONTINENTAL HOTEL 



PHILADELPHIA . 



J. E. KINGSLEY & CO., Proprietors. 

One of the largest and most magnificent Hotels in America, located on 

CHESTNUT STREET, COR. NINTH, 
At the actual centre of the city and convenient to places of amuse- 
ment and all points of interest. Has 500 rooms; passenger elevator j 
two great lines of telegraph to all points; every variety of carriage 
facility; is passed by street cars, and offers every attraction, alike for 
the hurried visits of the tourist or for more leisurely residence. 



IN CONNECTION, THE 



Trans- Continental Hotels 

Opposite Main Exhibition Building, Fairmount Park, 

J. E. KINGSLEY & QO., Proprietors. 



SRORT-TRIF GUIDE,— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



I^fe. 




LA PIERRE HOUSE, 

BROAD ST., NEAR CHESTNUT, PHILADELPHIA. 

J. B. BUTTE RWORTH, Proprietor. 

^^ Passenger Lift, Telegraph Office, and all modern improvements 
and luxuries. 

MOUNT VERNON HOTEL, 

8 1 West Monument Street, 
BALTIMORE. 



Co7iducted on the European Plan, 

This superb edifice, located in the most fashionable 
part of the city, is now open for the reception of guests. 
Its appointments are of the most approved character, 
and the tables are supplied with every luxury this and 
foreign markets afford. It has heretofore been patron- 
ized extensively by European travellers, as well as by 
men of eminence and distinction of this country. 

E. V. WESTCOTT, Proprietor. 



SHORT- TRIP G UIDE—ANNO UNCEMENTS. 




THE ARLINGTON, 

WASEIJ^GTOJ^, ©. C. 

Admitted to be the most thoroughly enjoyarWe of all 
the hotels of the National Metropolis, in location, ar- 
rangement and management. 

T. ROESSLE & SON, 

O'ujnen and Proprietors. 
IN CONNECTION, THE 

Fort William Henry Hotel, 

LAKE GEOfRGE, jY. Y. 

This magnificent house is located at the most beauti- 
ful spot on the shore of *' Horicon " (the site of old 
Fort William Henry) ; is fitted with all modern conven- 
iences, and has accommodation for nine hundred persons, 
OPEN JUNE 1ST. 

Special Terms made zuith Families for the Season. 



SaOR T- TRIP G UIDE—ANNO UNCEMENTS. 



GRAND SUMMER RESORT. 




GLEN PARK HOTEL 



CONNECTED WITH THE 



MAGNETIC %mm\ SPRINGS HOUSE, 

V/atkins Glen, N, Y. 

This Hotel islocated more convenient to visit the Gr.EN and other 
attractions, than any other, i.nl is twice as large and firsc-class in all 
its appointments. Situated on Seneca Lake, at the summit or highest 
pointof the Middle States, On t'le direct route from Philadelphia to 
Niag^'>'fi Fall), via the Peiin and N^orthern Central Railroads. 

^^ These Springs are effecting wonderful cures of chronic and skin 
diseases, especially all rheumatic complaints. 

Omnibuses or Street Cars from and to the railwav depot and steam- 
boat landing, /r^«. Hops at the hotel every week, and parlor enter- 
tainments every evening. 

i^^Send for circulars giving particulars and showing this superior to 
any of the sea-shore resorts, 

£, a F/^OST, PropHetoK 



§ 




MOORE'S HOTEL. 

TRENTON FALLS, 

____^^ ISTew York. 

This first-class hotel is located immediately in the neigh-, 
borhood of these, the handsomest Falls in America, and 
among the finest in the World ; and from it every facility is 
to be obtained for viewing them to advantage. 

M. MOORE, Proprietor. 



SHORT-TRIP OUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

AMERICAN HOUSE, 

BOSTON, MASS. 

Lewis Rice & Son, Proprietors. 




The largest First Class Hotel in New England. 



Centrally located on Hanover Street. 



Convenient to the Railroads, Theatres, Post Office, and the 
great Business Centre of Boston. The American House con- 
tains 400 Apartments and 50 Suites of Rooms, with all con- 
veniences and modern improvements, Bath-Rooms and 
Water Conveniences adjoin the Apartments. Billiard 
Halls, Telegraph Office, and a Cafe, are connected with 
the Hotel, which is noted throughout the States for Clean- 
liness and Comfort. 

Tuft's Improved Elevator or Vertical Railway is at 
the Service of Guests from 6.00 a.m. till midnight, affording 
easy access to all the Stories and Rooms in the House. The 
Apartments, with conveniences before named, are particu- 
larly desirable for Families and Summer Travelers. Car- 
riages may be obtained at the Hotel. Families, Tourists, 
and the Traveling Public will find every accommodation and 
comfort at this long-established and favorite house. 
TERMS: $4 PER DAV. 

With bath-room adjoining, $1 per day extra. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.-^ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

International Hotel 

NIAGARA FALLS. 




J. T. FULTON, Jr., Proprietor. 

This magnificent Hotel is the largest and most pleas- 
antly situated of any at Niagara. Being the nearest to 
the Falls, and the only one containing all viodern im- 
provementSy it offers inducements to the travelling public 
which are unexcelled. A splendid addition, extending 

OVER loo FEET INTO THE RAPIDS, 
has just been completed, adding a large number of 

Magnificent Rooms directly Overlooking the River, 
Also, 

Three Elegant Parlors, 

which in point of beauty, and the splendid views of the 
Rapids and Falls they afford, cannot be surpassed. 

Guests may rely upon receiving every comfort and 
attention. 

Omnibuses and Porters at all Trains. 
Railroad, Steamboat and Telegraph Offices in the Hotel. 



SHORT-TBIP OULDE—ANNOUNGEMEUTS. 
THE 

RUSSELL HOUSE, 

DETROIT, 

Michigan. 

WITBECK, CHITTENDEN & CO., 

Proprietors. 



This House, handsomely as well as conveniently situ- 
ated in the most eligible portion of the admittedly beau- 
tiful " City of the Straits," enjoys the reputation of 
being one of the 

HOTEL ATTRACTIONS OF THE NORTH-WEST, 

And the peculiarity of being visited by 

People of Distinction, American and Foreign^ 
To a degree seldom equalled elsewhere. 



All Modern Conveniences and Elegancies, 



SHOET'TUIP Q UIDE. -^ANNO UNCEMENT3, 




THE 



GRAND PACIFIC HOTEL, 

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, 

U. S. A. 



One of the largest (having over 500 rooms), best arranged, 
finest ventilated and most elegantly furnished Hotels in 
America. Has all the different safeguards against fire, 
which makes it 

PRACTICALLY FIRE PROOF. 

With a froniage east, south, west and north of over 
1,000 feet. 

Prices $3.00, $3.50, $4.00, $4.50 and $5.00 per Day, 

With Board, according to location of Rooms. 

JOHN B. DRAKE Sc CO., Proprietors. 



SHORT-TRIP G VIDE,— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 




THE GARDNER HOUSE, 



CHICAGO, Illinois. 



Most pleasantly located and choicest 

SUMMER HOTEL OF THE NORTH-WEST. 

Standing on Michigan Avenue, overlooking Lake Michigan, with 

view of vessels, and with a dock in front, at which Steamers 

and Yachts for pleasure sailing can be procured at the 

shortest notice. Also, Carriages connected 

with the House. 



Rooms With every convenience^ and Cuisine i)erfecU 
C. H. GAUBERT, 

Proprietor. 



SHOUT-TRIP GUIDE— ANNOUH^OBMENTS, 




THE 



TREMONT HOUSE, 



CHICAGO, Illmois. 



■ The "PALACE HOTEL" of America.. " 

The only Hotel on both the American and European Plans. 

THE MOST LOFTY, SPACIOUS AND ELEGANTLY FURNISHED HO 

TEL IN THE WORLD, 



JAMES COUCH, PROPRiEToit. 



SnOUT- TRIP G UIDE-ANNO UNGEIIENTS. 

. - i> . 

BREVOORT HOUSE, 

On the Eiaropean Plan. 

Madison Street, between Clark and I.a Salle, 

CHICAGO, 

Illinois. 



The Brevoort, which has been recently furnished in 
the most elegant style, is the finest European Hotel in 
the City ; is situated in the very heart of it& busines? 
centre ; oiFers special advantages to persons visiting the 
city, either for business or pleasure. Rooms li.oo to 
$1.50 per day. 

H. M. THOMPSON, Proprietor. 



THE 

SCREVEN HOUSE 

SAVANNAH, GA. 



R. BRADLEY & SON, Proprietors, 



This popular house is now open for the reception of g'uests, 
and was never so replete with all the attractions which 
have heretofore made it so great a favorite with the travelinjj 
public. 



SnonT-TMP GmDB-AWmUNCEMENTS. 




THE 



BURNET HOUSE, 

CINCINNATI, Ohio. 



J. W. DUNCKLEE k CO., Proprietors. 



This popular Hotel, with its unequalled central loca- 
tion, has now been thoroughly remodelled and refurn- 
ished, with new passenger elevators and every modern 
improvement, and is the 

MOST COMFORTABLE AND CONVENIENT 
FIRST-CLASS HOUSE IN THE CITY. 



moUT- TRIP a mPE-^ANNO moBMEms. 




THE LINDELL HOTEL. 

BrrsiNESs a^d society hotel of 

St. IjOTJLis, Is/IisscDTJLri- 

GRISWOLD, CLEMENT & SCUDDER, Proprietors. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

CLIFTON HOUSE, 

Niagara Falls. 

{Canada Side.) 

COLBURN & McOMBER, Proprietors. 



Has advantages over all others, in the nnequaled view 
of the Falls and Rapnds, to be obtained from the v^rindows 
and piazzas of the Hotel. 

Rooms en suite or singly. Superior accommodations 
for families spending the season. Transient board at 
reasonable teiTns. Commutation Tickets for passing over 
the New Suspension Bridge, immediately adjoining. 

Attendance excellent, and rates moderate. 



THE 

Russell House, 

OTTAWA, 

Canada. 




This Hotel is tTie largest and only first-class house in the city. 
It is fitted, furnished and kept as an unexceptional first-class 
Hotel, combining modern eleganccj comfort and economy. It 
1ms ample accommodation for five hnndred guests, and is delight- 
fully and centrally situated, being in close proximity to the Parlia- 
ment Buildings, the Post Ofiice, and all the points of iaterest. 



SHOBT-TRIP QUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



RossiN House Hotel, 

^ o s s I N,^H o u s 27, 




TORONTO, CANADA. 
G. P. SHEARS, Proprietor. 



This commodious and admirably located Hotel k finished and fur- 
nished with every regard to comfort and luxury; has hot and cold 
water, with Baths and Closets on each floor. The Parlors and Bed 
Roonns are large and well-ventilated, and arranged for private parties 
and families. Is the coolest summer house in Caaada, and thoroughly 
heated by steam in wiriter. Accommodation for 50a guests. Pa- 
tronized by all the nobility and gentry who have visited Canada. 



CHARGES. 

FiRsx Flat, _ . _ ^3.00 per day. 
Second Flat, - - - 2.50 and f 3.00 per day. 

Third and Fourth Flats, - 2,OQ and 2.50 " 

Rooms with Baths attached, extra. 



Special arrangements made with famjues and pritatb 

PARTIES desirous OF RJEMAINJNG FOR A TIME. 



NOTE. — Toronto is the Capital of the Province of Ontario, and 
has the best Colleges and Schools, and finest Public Buildings, in 
Canada. Telegraphic communication and R.R. Ticket Office ia 
Main Corridor of Hotel. 



SHOBT- TRIP G UIDE — ANNO UNCEMENTS. 



OTTAWA HOTEL, 

MONTREAL. 




C- S. BROW^NE, J. Q. PERLEY, 

PROPRIETORS. 

This well known and popular Hotel is situated on St. James Street, the 
principal business street in the city, and is near the Post Office, Banks, 
Theatre, and all the Public Buildings ; and has ample accommodation 
for 400 Guests. 

The Ottawa Hotel covers the entire space of ground running between 
St. James and Notre Dame Streets, and has two beautiful fronts. The 
house has been thoroughly REFITTED and FURNISHED, with every 
regard to comfort and luxury— has Hot and Cold Water, with Baths and 
Closets on each floor. The aim has been to make this the most UNEX- 
CEPTIONABLE FIRST-CLASS HOTEL IN MONTREAL. 

The Proprietors respectfully assure their patrons that no exertions will 
be spared to make this Hotel a comfortable home for the traveling public. 

Coaches will be found at the Railway Depot and Steamboat Landings 
on arrival of the several Trains and Steamers. 

Montreal Telegraph Office in the House. 



SnORT-TBlP G UIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS, 

Charleston Hotel. 




CHARLESTON, S. C. 



E. H. JACKSON & CO., 



PROPRIETORS. 



SUOR T- TRIP G UIDE—ANNO UKCEMENTS. 



Natural Bridge Hotel 



> 

ROCKBRIDGE CO., VIRGINIA. 



A. LEAR, Superintendent. 



This commodious and well-situated Hotel is in the immediate neighbor- 
hood of that unparalleled wonder of nature, the NATURAL BRIDGE, 
admitted to be among the grandest of the rock-works of the continent 
and far superior to the world-famed Giant's Causeway of Ireland. 

The Hotel oflFers comfortable accommodations for loo guests, and offers 
a pleasant Summer Home for tamilies. 

Connections to the Bridge and Hotel, by stage from Goshen Depot of 
the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad ; by stage from Bonsack's, Ohio and 
Mississippi Railroad; by stage from Gilmore's Mill, Chesapeake and 
Ohio Canal, from Lynchburg and Richmond. 

Pavilion Hotel, 
berkeley springs, 

West Virginia. 



A. R. POTTS, Manager. 



The Pavilion is the leading house of this old and justly celebrated 
Bathing and Watering Place ; is laige, commodious and well kept, and 
supplies the 

PLE/S/NTEST SUMMER RESORT If(^ VIRGINIA. 

f^" The most extensive and perfectly arranged Medicinal Baths in 
America, connected with the Hotel. 

^W" Easily accessible by brief stage-ride from Sir John's Run, sta- 
tion of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, from Baltimore, Washington, 
or the West. 



SEORT-TBIP GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS, 

NATIONAL HOTEL, 

LEXINGTON, 

Virginia. 



A. A. PITMAN, Proprietor, 

^W stage and Posting- House for Natural Bridge, 
Jordan Alum, Rockbridge Alum, and Rockbridge 
Bath (Springs). 

This House has been enlarged, thoroughly renovated, and well 
furnished, and will be kept as well as any House in the State of Vir- 
ginia, and at prices as moderate. To Excursion Parties every 
facility and information will be given, and deduction in Bills of such 
parties. FAMILIES taken by the week or month, at reasonable 
rates. 

Attached to the Hotel, Stage and Express Office, Telegraph OflBcc, 
and first-class Livery. 

Weyer's Cave Hotel, 

AUGUSTA COUNTY, - Virginia, 
A. MOHLER, Proprietor. 

This hotel stands immediately at the entrance of WEYER'S CAVE, 
one of the greatest natural curiosities of America, and one of the most 
extensive and beautiful subterranean passages in any land (made espec- 
ially famous by the artist and author "Porte Crayon.") 

The hotel is very complete and commodious in its arrangements. 
Guides for the Cave supplied here only. 

Reached by carriage or stage from Wever's Cave Depot, on the Val- 
ley Railroad, four miles distant; or from Staunton (Chesapeake and 
Ohio Road) or Harrisonburg. 

^^ TeleiiRaph and other increased facilities for tourists and sum- 
mer visitors, in process of completion. 



SHORT- TRIP GUIDE— ANNO UNCEMENTS. 

OCCIDENTAL HOTEL, 

Montgomery Street, 



SAN FRANC ISCO. 

The OCCIDENTAL HOTEL is located on Montgomery Street— tht 
fashionable promenade of the City — and has a frontage ot 275 leet exten- 
ding from Bash to Sutter Streets, by a depth of \6i}^ feet The Hotel 
is four stories high, and is one of the most substantial buildings in 
California ; the foundation walls are six to eight feet thick, of the best 
quality of cut stone, laid in cement and lime. The Hotel contains 

Several Private Suites have Bath Rooms and Closets wfthin eacb Suite. 

THERE AI(E ALSO BATH ROOMS Q\ Ul^ FLOOf^. 

The Hotel is furnished with the latest and most improved styles of 
Furniture. 

The table is always plentifully supplied with the choicest fruits, and 
all the delicacies which an abundant market can furnish. 

There is a splendid Billiard Room and Bar Room, a Steam Laundry, 
Barber's Shop and all the other appointments necessary for a first-clas* 
Hotel, connected with this establishment. 

One of OTIS BROTHERS' PASSENGER ELEVATORS, of the 
latest mproved style, has lately been placed in tke Hotel, near th.eoffice» 
for the accommodation of the guests> 



SEORT-TRIP amOE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

Mammotli Grove Hotel, 

Calaveras County, California. 

SPERRY'S HOTEL, 

Murphy's, Calaveras Co. 



SPERRY &* PERRY, Proprietors. 

Trains leave Stockton daily for the Grove, connecting with 
dail}'- line for Yo-Semite. 

ta.h:oe house, 

LAKE TAHOE, 
Foufteen Miles front Truck ee and the C, P, R, R, 



Lake Tahoe is 6,412 feet above the level of the sea, 35 
miles long and 16 miles wide. A fine steamer will convey 
all persons from the Tahoe House who may desire to visit 
the Hot Springs^ Emerald Bay., or any other point on the Lake. 

HUTCHIlSrGS' HOTEL, 

Yo-Semite Valley, 

CALIFORNIA. 



The Hotel located farthest up the Valley, and nearest to 
tJie great points of interest. 
Guides and all information. 
^^^ Telegraph Office to San Francisco and all connections. 



AMERICAN SPECIALTIES. 



SHOE r- TmP G UIBE-ANNO UNCEMENTS. 



COOK'S 

EiffiOfsions, Toors, aoil leneral Tfaveling Arrangements. 

THOMAS COOK & SON, Fleet St.. London. 
COOK, SON & JENKINS, 261 Broadway, N. Y. 



PIONEERS, INAUGURATORS and PROMOTERS of the 
principal Systems of Tours established in Great Britain and Ire- 
land and the Continent of Europe; and by appointment of the 
British Government, 

General Passenger Agents for the Centennial at 
Philadelphia. 

During the past thirty-three years, over fotir million travelers 
have visited near and distant points, under their management, 
safely and pleasantly. 

Their arrangements are now so extensive, that they cover por- 
tions of the four quarters of the Globe. 

At their ofifices can be found the Railway and Steamship 
Tickets used by the travelers for a journey through parts of 

EUROPE, ASIA, AFRICA and AMERICA. 

These Tickets allow one or more individuals to travel at anY 
time, by any train, steamer or diligence, by the route specified 
They are first or second-class, and allow breaks of journey at all 
places of interest to the tourist or pleasure seeker. The great 
advantages derived from their system are the prevention of loss 
from exchange of money, through the differences of currencies.in 
a European or Oriental tour, the prevention of imposition, over- 
charges, &c., &c., and the fact that most of the tickets are at 
reductions varying from ten to forty-five per cent, from the ordi- 
nary fares, while all the tickets issued by them give the holder 
privileges which the ord-in.-iry tickets do not. Those contemplat- 
ing any extensive tour, should apply personally or by letter to 
Messrs. Cook, Son & Jenkins, giving an outline of the tour they 
•v'ish to take ; in reply to which a quotation will be given showing 
the total expense, including, if desired, hotel accommodations. 

Special Centennial Office, 

WORLD'S TICKET OFFICE, 

{^Exhibition Grounds), 

PHILADELPHIA. 



SHOR T- TRIP Q UIDE—ANNO UNCEMENTS. 
1846. THIRTY-FIRST YEA.R. 1876. 



THE 

HOME JOURNAL, 

ENLARGED AND IMPROVED, 

"The Best Literary and Society Paper in 
America." 

Its leading departments comprise Editorials on topics of fresh interest 5 
Brilliant Romances, and Portraitures of American Life ; Editorial Re- 
views of new events in the world of Beiles-Lettres, Painting, Sculpture, 
Science, Music, and the Drama ; Original Essays ; Ample Excerpts from 
the best European Writers ; bpicy Letters from Correspondents in all 
the great Capitals of the World; Copious Extracts from New Books; 
and racy accounts of sayings, happenings and doings in the Beau 
Monde ; embracing the very freshest matters of interest in this country 
and in Europe— the whole completely mirroring the wit and wisdom, the 
humor and pathos, the news and sparkling gossip of the times. 

SUBSCRIPTION. 
Subscribers will receive The Home Journal for 1875, 

FREE OF POSTAGE. 

Tmh Home JournAl alone, one copy, one year, $3-oo 

I copies, one year 6.00 

6 " *' " 9-00 

TERMS FOR CLUBS: 

The Home Journal and any $+ periodical (either Harper's Magazine, 
Harper's Weekly, Harper's Bazar, Atlantic Monthly, Scribner's 
Monthly, The Galaxy, LippJncott's Magazine, Appleton's Journal, 
Frank Leslie's Ladies'^ Journal, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, 
Blackwood's Magazine, Westminster Review, or any of the English 
Ouarterlies republished here) will be sent for $5.2?, the full price being 
f7. St. Nicholas for $4.50 ; full rates, $6.00. Littcll's Living Age for 
$8.75 ; full price, $ii. 

Subscriptions will take date immediately, or at any time subscribera 
prefer. Address the proprietors and publishers, 

MORRIS PHILLIPS & CO., 

No. 3 Park Placet New Yorh 



SHORT-THIP guide— AKKOriNCEMENTS. 

RARE AND CURIOUS BOOKSp 

HANDSOMELY ILLUSTRATED WORKS, 

AND BOOKS m FINE BINDINGS, 

SPECIALTIES. 



Catalogues Sent to Any Address. 



PORTER & COATES, 

Publishers, Importers 

AND 

BOOKSELLERS, 
No. 822 Chestnut Street, 

PHILADELPHIA, y^ 

Marble Building* adjoiniins Coatinental XXotel. 



SHOB T- TRIP (^ UIDE—A NNO VNCEMENT8. 

THE * 

SPUR OF MONMOUTH; 

OR, 

Washington in Arms. 



A Historical and Centennial 
ROMANCE OF THE RESOLUTION. 



From Personal Recollections and Documents never 
before made Public. 



By an Ex-Pension Agent. 



Will be Published in June, 1876, 

BY . 

CLAXTON, REMSEN & HAFFELFINGER, 

Publishers AND Booksellers, 

624 to 628 Market Street ^ 

Villi ADELPHIA. 



SBORT-TRIP GUIDE.-AliNOUKCBMENTS. ' 

HELMBOLD'S 

TEMPLE OF PHARMACY, 

CONTINENTAL HOTEL, 

PHILADELPHIA, PENNA. 




PRESCRIPTIONS 
Carefully compounded w th Pure Drugs and Chemicals. 

IMPORTER OF 

French, German and English Perfumery, 
Soaps, Pomades, Toilet Articles, &c. 

COMPLETE LINE OF LADIES' REQUISITES. \ 



Principal Agent of 

ATKINSON'S, LUBIN'S AND LETCHFORD'S PERFUMERY. 



' Sole Agent for 

GOLDEN HAIR FLUID, 
L'AUREOLINE DE ROBARE. 

Patronage of the public is respectfully solicited. 

ALBERT L HELMBOLD. 

Principal Depot for the sale of Helmbold's Genuine 
Preparations • 

Helm bo Id s Extract Biichuy 

** Extract Sarsaparilla. 

*' Improved Rose Wash & Catawba Fills. 



OPEN ALL NIGHT. 



Pacific Mail Steamship Line 



CALIFORNIA. 

For time of leaving of the Magnificent Steamships of 

this Line, the oldest and most reliable route 

to California, and all Ports of 

the Pacific, 

From Pier Foot of Canal Street, N. R., 
NEW YORK, 

And also for Rates of Passage, made to accord with the 
times, 

Sec Current Daily and Weekly Announcements, 

and Official Card in announcement pages of this book. 

Close connections made at San Francisco with China 
Line for 

JAPAN, CHINA AND INDIA, 

As also for Ports of Oregon, British Columbia and the 
North-West. 

ONE HUNDRED POUNDS BAGGAGE FREE. 

Experienced Sur8;cons on Board. Medicines and med- 
ical attendance free of charge. 



THROUGH PASSAGE TICKETS 

Can be obtained in New York only at the Company's 

Ticket Office, on the Wharf, 

Foot of Canal Street, North River. 

H. J. BULLAY, Stipt, 




CLYDE'S 

COASTWISE, WEST INDIA & PACIFIC STEAM LINES 



BETWEEN 



NEW YORK 

AND 

Havana, Cuba; Hayti and St. Domingo; Galveston, Texai j 
Charleston, S. C. ; Wilmington, N. C; Philadelphia, Pa. 

PHILADELPHIA 



Boston and Providence; Charleston, S. C. ; Norfolk and Rich- 
mond, Va. ; Alexandria; and Washington, D. C. 

Neiv Orlear.%, La.-, Cedar Keys & Key Wei,t, Fla.; & Ha-vana, Cuba. 



NEW YORK AND CALIFORNIA LINE, 

Via Isthmus of Panama, 

Connecting with Lines on the Pacific Coast for 

fapan, China, Australia, New Zealand, British Columbia,* Central 

America and South Pacific Ports. 

WM. P. CLYDE & CO., 

No. 6 Boivling Green, N. V 



% South Wkc 



Ehila., Pa. 



SSToTcONGBESS 



BEFOK5 



ACCi 




011290 205 3 



TMmERS' ISURMCE CO, 

M-0.207 BR.OADWM: 



■ioents isverytvfiere. 



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